chapter神经系统的学习课件

chapter神经系统的学习课件第1页/共37页ComponentsCNSPNS第2页/共37页Trytopickoutmedicaltermscontainedinthefollowingpithyformula(口诀),andfindtheirEnglishequivalent脑神经名称歌诀一嗅二视三动眼四滑五叉六外展七面八听九舌咽迷副舌下十二全第3页/共37页脑神经=cranialnerves一嗅olfactorynerve二视opticnerve三动眼oculomotornerve四滑trochlearnerve五叉trigeminalnerve六外展abducensnerve七面facialnerve八听vestibulocochlearnerve九舌咽glossopharyngealnerve迷vagusnerve副accessorynerve舌下hypoglossalnerve第4页/共37页Trytopickoutmedicaltermscontainedinthefollowingpithyformula(口诀),andfindtheirEnglishequivalent脑神经性质歌诀

一二八对性质感，运动舌付动滑展；

舌咽迷走三叉面，感觉运动混合全。第5页/共37页脑神经性质一二八对性质感感觉神经sensorynerves运动舌付动滑展运动神经motornerves感觉运动混合全混合神经mixednerves第6页/共37页EnglishmnemonicforcranialnervesOh,Oh,Oh,ToTakeAFamilyVacation!GoVegasAfterHours!SomeSayMarryMoneyButMyBigBrotherSaysBigBoobsMatterMore.第7页/共37页Trytopickoutmedicaltermscontainedinthefollowingpithyformula(口诀),andfindtheirEnglishequivalent脑干连脑神经根歌诀

中脑连三四，桥脑五至八；

九至十二对，要在延髓查。第8页/共37页脑干连脑神经根歌诀脑干＝brainstem中脑连三四midbrain桥脑五至八pons=ponsvarolii九至十二对，要在延髓查medullaoblongata第9页/共37页Trytopickoutmedicaltermscontainedinthefollowingpithyformula(口诀),andfindtheirEnglishequivalent脊髓横切面歌诀白质包外灰居中，灰质断面似蝶形；前角运动后感觉，侧角交感在腰胸；前侧后索传导束，联络颈节上下行；后索薄楔内外位，深感精触较固定；前侧索内上下全，冷热触压和运动。

第10页/共37页脊髓横切面

transversesectionofspinalcord白质包外灰居中，灰质断面似蝶形；whitematter/graymatterbutterfly前角运动后感觉，侧角交感在腰胸；anteriorhorns=ventralhornsposteriorhorns=dorsalhornssympatheticnerve前侧后索传导束，联络颈节上下行；anterior/lateral/posteriorcolumnsfibertractascendingfibertract=sensoryfibertractdescendingfibertract=motorfibertract第11页/共37页Trytopickoutmedicaltermscontainedinthefollowingpithyformula(口诀),andfindtheirEnglishequivalent脑神经连脑歌诀

一嗅额下嗅球中，二视离球间脑通；

脚间窝内三动眼，下丘下方滑车行；

桥腹两侧连三叉，桥延沟内展面听；

橄榄后沟上至下，舌咽迷走副神经；

锥体橄榄之间处，舌下神经看得清。

第12页/共37页脑神经连脑歌诀一嗅额下嗅球中frontallobeolfactorybulb二视离球间脑通；diencephalon＝

between-brain/interbrain/thalamencephalon脚间窝内三动眼，下丘下方滑车行；hypothalamus第13页/共37页脑神经连脑歌诀桥腹两侧连三叉，桥延沟内展面听；pons=ponsvaroliimedullaoblongata橄榄后沟上至下，舌咽迷走副神经；olive锥体橄榄之间处，舌下神经看得清。cone第14页/共37页ReflexesDeepTendonReflexes BicepsReflex(C5-6)

TricepsReflex(C7-8) Quadriceps(Patellar,KneeJerk)Reflex(L3-4) Achilles(AnkleJerk)Reflex(S1-2)第15页/共37页MatchthefollowinginflammatoryconditionswiththeircorrespondingChineseshinglesmeningitismyelitispolioencephalitisrabiestetanusarachnitisencephalomyelitis脊髓炎脑脊髓炎蛛网膜炎脑灰质炎脑膜炎破伤风带状疱疹狂犬病，恐水病第16页/共37页TheAnswershinglesmeningitismyelitispolioencephalitisrabiestetanusarachnitisencephalomyelitis带状疱疹脑膜炎脊髓炎脑灰质炎狂犬病，恐水病破伤风蛛网膜炎脑脊髓炎第17页/共37页Howwouldyourankthefollowingpsychiatricconditions?andwhy?schizophreniadepressionOCD(obsessivecompulsivedisorder)alcoholismanorexianervosaparanoiabipolardisorder第18页/共37页Matchthegiventermswiththeirdefinition第19页/共37页atelencephalia,ataxia,amnesia,alexia,aphasia,lossoftheabilitytoreadpartialortotallossofmemorypartialortotallossoftheabilitytoarticulateideasorcomprehendlanguagecongenitalimperfectdevelopmentofthebrainlossoftheabilitytocoordinatormuscularmovement第20页/共37页lossoftheabilitytoread=alexiapartialortotallossofmemory=amnesiapartialortotallossoftheabilitytoarticulateideasorcomprehendlanguage=aphasiacongenitalimperfectdevelopmentofthebrain=atelencephalialossoftheabilitytocoordinatemuscularmovement=ataxia第21页/共37页dipsomania,delusion,dementia,deliriumatemporarystateofmentalconfusionandcloudedconsciousnessaninsatiable,oftenperiodiccravingforalcoholicbeveragesafalsebeliefstronglyheldinspiteofinvalidatingevidencedeteriorationofintellectualfaculties,suchasmemory,concentration,andjudgment第22页/共37页atemporarystateofmentalconfusionandcloudedconsciousness＝deliriumaninsatiable,oftenperiodiccravingforalcoholicbeverages=dipsomaniaafalsebeliefstronglyheldinspiteofinvalidatingevidence=delusiondeteriorationofintellectualfaculties,suchasmemory,concentration,andjudgment=dementia第23页/共37页dysbasia,dysphasia,dyskinesia,dyslexiaanimpairmentintheabilitytocontrolmovementimpairmentoftheabilitytorecognizeandcomprehendwrittenwordsimpairmentofspeechandverbalcomprehensiondifficultinwalking第24页/共37页animpairmentintheabilitytocontrolmovement＝dyskinesiaimpairmentoftheabilitytorecognizeandcomprehendwrittenwords＝dyslexiaimpairmentofspeechandverbalcomprehension＝dysphasiadifficultinwalking＝dysbasia第25页/共37页narcissism,pica,lethargy,hydrocephalus,hemiplegiaparalysisaffectingonlyonesideofthebodyanabnormalaccumulationoffluidinthecerebralventricleseroticpleasurederivedfromcontemplationoradmirationofone’sownbodyorselfanabnormalcravingorappetitefornonfoodsubstances,suchasdirt,paintastateofsluggishness,inactivityandapathy第26页/共37页paralysisaffectiononlyonesideofthebody＝hemiplegiaanabnormalaccumulationoffluidinthecerebralventricles＝hydrocephaluseroticpleasurederivedfromcontemplationoradmirationofone’sownbodyorself＝narcissismanabnormalcravingorappetitefornonfoodsubstances,suchasdirt,paint＝picaastateofsluggishness,inactivityandapathy＝lethargy第27页/共37页MatchthefollowingconditionswiththeircorrespondingChinesetorporticspinabifidasyncopepetitmalparaphasianecromaniahallucination幻觉语言错乱，错语症麻痹；呆滞癫痫小发作抽搐脊柱裂昏厥恋尸狂，恋尸癖第28页/共37页MatchthefollowingconditionswiththeircorrespondingChinesetorporticspinabifidasyncopepetitmalparaphasianecromaniahallucination麻痹；呆滞

抽搐

脊柱裂

昏厥癫痫小发作

语言错乱，错语症

恋尸狂，恋尸癖幻觉第29页/共37页MatchthefollowingconditionswiththeircorrespondingChineseChoreaPicakleptomaniaCollectomaniaEromaniaGamomaniaOnychotillomaniaPyromaniaMasochismSadism搜集癖求偶狂剔甲癖纵火狂异食癖色情狂盗窃癖舞蹈症受虐狂施虐狂第30页/共37页MatchthefollowingconditionswiththeircorrespondingChineseChoreaPicakleptomaniaCollectomaniaEromaniaGamomaniaOnychotillomaniaPyromaniaMasochismSadism舞蹈症异食癖盗窃癖搜集