并列句和三大从句教学课件-A3演示文稿设计与制作【微能力认证优秀作业】

第5讲

并列结构和三大从句技巧1依据逻辑关系,确定并列连词(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea________Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→句子缺少连词②根据句子中的逻辑关系判断→China,Japan,Korea与Vietnam为并列关系③尝试解答:____and【过关检测】①(2016·四川高考)Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,____itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.②(2015·广东高考)Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass_____itbegantorainheavily.andwhen③(2017·成都一模)Iwasjustgoingtohaveaswim_____Inoticedastrangeobjectinthesea.④(2017·泉州三模)Smileatlife,____itwillshineonyou.⑤(2017·衡水一模)Itiseasytomakeadecision,___hardtosticktoit.whenandbut⑥TheotherdayIwasdoingsomegroceryshopping_________amanwalkedtowardagroupofusatthecheckoutstand.⑦(2017·哈尔滨二模)Wemaynotbeabletorecallthethingswehaveheardorseen,___theyareallkeptthereinthestorehouseofthehumanmind.when/andbut⑧(2017·沈阳一模)MrLeesaysslowerrunners,andthosewhoonlyranonce__twiceaweek,werehelpednearlyasmuchasthosewhoranfasterandfurther.⑨Someofusletthesedreamsdie,_________othersprotectthemandtakecareofthemthroughbaddays.orwhile/but⑩(2017·遵义一模)Theshortroad,theeasypath____thelightloadallleadtolowergradesinschooloflife.and【技法点金】并列连词分类及用法1.转折/对比并列连词常见的表示转折关系的并列连词包括but,while(而)等。其中,while连接并列句时,两分句之间是对比关系。※Itoftenrainsinthesouth,whileitseldomrainsinthenorth.在南方经常下雨,然而在北方很少下雨。2.联合并列连词常用的表示平行或对等关系的联合并列连词有and,notonly...but(also),neither...nor等。※Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,but(also)hespokemoreeasily.他不仅说得更正确,而且说得更轻松。3.选择并列连词(or,either...or等)※Wouldyouliketoleaveorwouldyouliketostay?你是想走还是想留?4.因果并列连词(for,so等)※Hemusthavebeencaughtintherain,forheiswetallover.他一定淋雨了,因为他全身都湿了。5.特殊并列连词及并列句(1)when可用于并列连词,意为“这时,那时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式:①beabouttodosth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”②beonthepointofdoingsth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”③bedoingsth.when...“正在做某事,这时突然……”④haddonesth.when...“刚做了某事,这时突然……”※Hewasabouttogotoschoolwhenastrongwindbegantoblow.他正要去上学,这时突然刮起了大风。(2)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。※RegisterinRenren,andyouwillbeabletogetintouchwiththefriendswhomyouhaven’tseenforalongtime.在人人网注册后,你就能与你很久没见面的朋友取得联系了。技巧2依据句子成分,确定定语从句关系词(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,_______isnotgoodforthehealth.

【解题步骤】①分析句子成分→判断此处为非限制性定语从句②判断先行词→先行词为主句③判断关系词在从句中所作成分→在句中作主语④尝试解答:______which【过关检测】①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)ButSarah,____hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.②(2017·天津高考)Myeldestson,______worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.whowhose③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_____IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandas.④(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,____livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.whenwho⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver__________arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.⑥(2015·广东高考)Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket______peoplefromthetownmetregularly.that/whichwhere⑦(2017·漳州一模)Withitslonghistory,paper-cutting,______originatedinChina,hasbeenverypopularamongtheordinaryChinesepeople.⑧(2017·重庆二模)Thechild,____wasaboyofaboutfive,waslikeadeadweightbutIfeltpoweredbyasuperhumanstrength.

whichwho⑨___isreported,thebackgroundmusicismadebyKitaro,afamousJapanesemusicianandthesamesongisperformedbyZhangLiangying,apopularChinesesingerwithaheavenlyvoice.⑩Iwasplacedinaspecialschool,togetherwithchildren________sufferedfromdifferentdiseases.Aswho/that【技法点金】定语从句解题技巧1.分析句子成分,判定关系词(1)当定语从句部分缺少主语、宾语、定语时,要想到分别采用who(指人)/that(指人或物)/which(指物),whom(指人),whose(指人或物)。※Eachgraduatestandingontheplayground,whowasaccompaniedbyaparent,wouldbeawardedadiplomabytheheadmaster.每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上,等待校长给他们颁发文凭。※Mydaughter,whosejobrequireshertodoalotoftravelling,isalwaysawayfromhome.我的女儿总不在家,她的工作需要经常出差。(2)当定语从句部分缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语时,要想到分别采用when,where,why。※TheVoiceofChinahassetupabigstageforyoungpeoplewithatalentformusic,wheresomehavestoodoutamongthem.《中国好声音》为有音乐天赋的年轻人建立了一个大舞台,在这个舞台上一些人从中脱颖而出。※Thereasonwhyhefailedtheexamwasthathedidn’tstudyhard.他考试失败的原因是他学习不努力。2.非限制性定语从句三注意(1)that不能引导非限制性定语从句。(2)which引导非限制性定语从句,可以代表主句的全部或者部分内容。※Theresultwasnotthesameastheyhadexpected,whichwasratherdisappointing.结果与他们当初预料的不一样,这让人觉得很失望。(3)which/as引导非限制性定语从句的区别:whichas位置上只能放在先行词的后面位置灵活,可位于句首、句中也可置于句末搭配上无动词的限制谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词,如see,hear,know,expect,remember等意思上意为“这一点”表示“正如……,正像……的那样”※Shemarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.她再婚了,这是始料不及的。※Asweexpected,shemarriedagain.正如我们预料的那样,她再婚了。3.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的2个考查点(1)考查该结构中关系代词的选用若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。另外,whose也可以放在介词后,即“介词+whose+名词”结构,whose指人、物皆可。※Withthefastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople,inwhosevillageshetaught10yearsago,havelivedahappylife.随着农业的快速发展,在她10年前教书的村子里,人们一直过着幸福的生活。(2)考查该结构中介词的选用①一般来说,确定关系代词前的介词,可以从以下三方面入手:先行词的意义;从句中动词的固定搭配;句子的意思。②表示“整体和部分关系”时,介词常用of。常见结构:在some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等代词或数词后可以用ofwhich/whom;“the+比较级或最高级”后用ofwhich/whom等。※Thechildren,allof

whomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.孩子们玩了一整天,都累坏了。【名师点津】(1)fromwhere为“介词+关系副词”结构,但也可以引导定语从句。※Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethewholetown.我们站在山顶上能看到全镇的景色。(2)像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定动词短语,在定语从句中不能将介词与动词分开。技巧3依据连词含义,破解状语从句(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Overtime,_______thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→句子缺少连词②根据句意:→as...grow,随着……的增长③尝试解答:__as【过关检测】①(2017·北京高考)_____________________birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.②(2017·北京高考)Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople_____youfigureitout.Although/Though/Whileuntil③(2017·衡水一模)________________itwasdangerous,Iwentbackinsideandfoundhimsafe.④Buthedidn’tpracticeit_____threeyearsago.⑤___deeplyaretheyinlovethattheyoffertostaytogetherforever,andChristriesdesperatelytotakeherbbackwithhimtotheUS.Although/ThoughuntilSo⑥(2017·石家庄一模)Motheraskedmetomakeawish______Iblewoutallthecandles.⑦(2017·大庆一模)_________ourdreamsare,wemusttryhardtoachievethem.beforeWhatever⑧(2017·哈尔滨一模)Duringthe19thcenturyscientistsfound_______certainpartsofthebrainofamanwereinjured,hewouldlosethepowertodosomethings.⑨Thesevaluablenaturalresourceswillrunoutbeforelong______betteruseismadeofthem.if/whenunless⑩However,mostscientistsregarditasnothingmorethanalegend_________thereisalackofconcreteevidence.because/as【技法点金】状语从句解题技巧1.牢记连词词义并能够熟练运用是解答题目的先决条件。2.重点关注几组连词用法:(1)常考的时间状语从句的引导词是when,while,as;另外before是高考重点,表示“在……之前,要过……时间才……,还未……就……,趁着……,还没来得及……。”※ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.我半年之后才回来。※Itwon’tbelong

beforewemeetagain.用不了多久我们就会再见面。※Itwasthreedaysbeforehecameback.三天后他才回来。(2)考查让步状语从句的引导词是though,although,wh-ever等。※Although/Thoughhemaybetroubled,healwayspresentsacalmsmilingface.尽管他可能会遇到麻烦,但他总是露出平静的微笑。(3)常考条件状语从句的引导词是if,unless。注意主从句的时态呼应也常考到。一般来说从句是一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。※You’llfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard.除非你努力学习,否则你会考试不及格。(4)常考地点状语从句引导词是where,wherever;原因状语从句引导词是because,since,as;结果状语从句引导词是so...that,such...that,sothat等。※Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。技巧4依据从句所缺成分,确定名词性从句连接词(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_________thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→空格所在句在动词短语figureout之后→可判断为宾语从句②根据从句中所缺成分→从句中缺少一个修饰形容词的连接副词③尝试解答:____how【过关检测】①(2017·江苏高考)Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_____itusedtocharge.②(2017·天津高考)Sheaskedme________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.whatwhether③(2017·北京高考)Everyyear,________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.④(2017·北京高考)Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing______shewasheading.whoeverwhere⑤Anyonecanpracticeitand_____isrequiredisasimplesetincluding:brush,inkandpaper.⑥(2017·六安二模)Afterwarninghim____hewouldregretdoingit,Godmadehimtobesoldtoatile-maker.whatthat⑦Oneconcernrelatestoalackofcontrolover_____appearsontheInternet.⑧(2017·安庆一模)Thisis_______suchprogramsarenotnatural.whatbecause【技法点金】名词性从句连接词选择技巧1.若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间,或者两个单词以及短语中间,没有句号或分号,也没有连词,那空格处通常是填连接词,否则,句子结构就不完整。2.根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构,确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。3.一旦判断是名词性从句,就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时,就连接代词,若作状语就用连接副词;若不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整,“是否”要用whether/if;若不缺少成分且意思完整用that。※Whatwasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.(引导主语从句,在从句中作主语)※Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.(引导同位语从句)※Ihavenoideawhowillbeinchargeofthecompanywhenthemanagerisaway.(引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语)易错点1混淆并列句与定语从句①(2017·大同一模)WrittenbytheancientChinesemilitarystrategistSunTzu(“MasterSun”,alsospelledSunzi),thebookconsistsof13chapters,eachof________isdevotedtooneaspectofwarfare.②(变式)WrittenbytheancientChinesemilitarystrategistSunTzu(“MasterSun”,alsospelledSunzi),thebookconsistsof13chapters,andeachof________isdevotedtooneaspectofwarfare.

【点拨】句①中先行词为chapters,在从句中作介词of的宾语,故要用which;句②为并列句,故填them。易错点2混淆名词性从句中的what和that①(2017·武汉一模)________isevenamazingis“theRainofWestLake”,whichisartificiallyrecreatedtobringoutthecharmofWestLakeintherain.②(变式)Itisevenamazing_____