2015年普通高等学校全国统一考试卷

2015年普通高等学校招生统一考试（湖南卷英150120PartⅠListeningComprehension(30marks)SectionA(22.5marks)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearsixconversationsbetweentwospeakers．Foreachconversation,thereareseveralquestionsandeachquestionisfollowedbythreechoicesmarkedA,BandC．Listencarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion．YouwillheareachconversationExampleWhenwillthemagazineprobablyarrive TheanswerisConversationWhendoesthewomanusuallygethomefromworkAbout B．About C．AboutWhatdidthewomandolastnightShewatchedSherecordedaShepreparedforaConversationHowoftendoesthemanexerciseatthegymA．Everyday．B．Everytwodays．C．Onceaweek．Wherewillthetwospeakersmeet ngexercisethisFridayAtthe B．Atthe C．AttheConversationWhatis ngephoningSpeakingtotheLeavingthemanaWhatistheman’slastname ConversationWhywillthewomanbelateShedidn’tcatchtheShedidn’tfinishherShedidn’twakeupinWhereisthemanAttheAtAttheWhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakersTeacherandParentandHusbandandConversationForwhomdoesthewomanbuytheT-shirt B．Her C．HerHowmuchdoestheT-shirtnormallycost WhydoesthesalesmanagreetoselltheT-shirtat$48ItischeaperHeisinabuttonisConversationWhendidthewomanarrive Whatmajordidthemanchooseintheend WhatsuggestiondoesthemangiveonreadingthebooksMakingSkimmingReadingwordbySectionB(7.5Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearshortpassage．Listencarefullyandthenfillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard．FillineachblankwithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS．YouwillheartheshortpassageSectionA(15Directions:ForeachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD．Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence．ExampleThewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket the D．toTheanswerisItwaswhenwewerereturninghome Irealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble． Asyougothroughthisbook,you thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience．will C．had D．haveOnlyaftertalkingtotwostudents thathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals．A．Idid B．didIC．I D．discoveredgamescanbeapoorinfluenceif inthewronghands．A．toleave 25．Iwasn’tabletohidemyeagernesswhenI ,“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?” B．haveaskedC．am Youhavetoknow you’regoingifyouaretonthebestwayofgettingthere． yearstois; B．are; C．are; D．is;HemusthavesensedthatI him．Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”wouldlook B．lookedC．waslooking D．amlookingItisatrulydelightfulce, looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages． 30．Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologetics ,shestoodrootedtotheground, whethertostayor C．to 31．Always inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthis runningsmoothly．A．tokeep B．tohavekept D．have32．Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandywiththetoy,but thankfullybytheshopA．amheld B．heldC．hold D．washeld thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit．A．Ifonly D．Incase34．SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudents whatisbotheringthem．A．totalk B．talkedC．talk D．havingtalked35．That’swhyIhelpbrightenpeople’sdays．Ifyou ,who’stosaythatanotherwill? C． SectionB(18Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD．Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext．Itwasarainymorningandthechildren,mainlyboyswithvariouslearningdifficulties,refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson．Asaninexperiencedteacher,Itriedeverymeanstogetthemtobe36,butinvain．MypanicwasrisingandIcouldfeelmyheartbeatingwildly．Thiswasthe37ofmyjobasamusicteacher,Ithought—teachingwasnotforme．ThenIhadanidea．HothatnoonewouldnoticethatIwas38inside,Ithrewmyvoiceasfarasitwouldreach:‘Putyourheadsonthedesksandcloseyour39!Wearegoingona40,thechildrenfellsilent．‘NowwhatshouldIdo?’Ithoughttomyself．ReachingovertomycollectionofCDs,Iblindly41,putitinthemachineandyedit．Obediently(顺从地),myclasslaytheirheadsontheirdesks,closedtheireyes42．Whenthemusicstarted,theroomwasfilledwiththemostbeautifultonesandmusicalcolorsIcouldhaveeverimagined．Allthechildrenwere43．Whenthemusicfinished,Iaskedthemalltoraisetheir44slowlysothatwecouldshareourmusicaljourneys．Atthispoint,whenallthechildrenwerewillingtosharetheirexperiences,Ibegantolearnhowto45．Themusicallowedmetolearnthatteachingisaboutsharingandrespect,tearsands,theknowingandthe46and,mostofall,anunderstandingofeachother．Thiswasthepowerthat47intheclassroomcouldhave． 41．A．passedoneB．gaveoneC．turnedoneD．tookoneC．SectionC(12Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext．Research ebothsimplerandmorecomplex．It’ssimplerbecause haveacomputer,youcanfindinformationyouneedbysearchingtheInternet．Forallyourinformation,youdon’thavetogoto49librarytofindtherelevantresourceandtakenotesonit．Instead,youcanfindsomesourcesfromtheInternet50printthecopiesneeded．Remember,however,thatyoushouldusuallyconsultdifferenttypesofsources．Thatis,you51alwaysrelyjustontheInternetforyourresearch．Whilefindinginformationiseasierthanever,atthesametime,researchinghas e52complex．Thereisalotmorematerialavailable,whichmeansyoumaybeoverwhelmed53theamountofinformation．Youneedtolearn54tosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject．Also,55needtochecktheaccuracyofit．PartⅢReadingComprehension(30Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages．Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements．ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage．AForgetCyclists,PedestriansAreRealWearehavingadebateaboutthistopic．HerearesomelettersfromourYes,manycyclistsbehavedangerously．Manydriversaredisrespectfulofcyclists．Butpedestriansareprobablytheworseoffenders．Peopleofallageshappilywalkalongthepavementwitheyesandhandsgluedtophone,quiteunawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem．Theymayevendothesamethingwhilecrossingaroadatapedestriancrossingorelsewhere．Therestofushavetoevade（避让）themorjuststandstilltowaitfortheunavoidablecollision．Therealproblemisthatsomepedestriansseemtobe,atleastforthemoment,inworldsoftheirownthatare,tothem,muchmoreimportantthanthewelfareofothers．—MichaelIlovedtheletterfromBobBrooksaboutcyclists(Viewpoints．May29)．Iamafraidtheyseemtothinktheyowntheroads．IwaswalkingacrossAltrinchamRoadonemorningwhenacyclistwentroundmeandonbeingaskedwhathewasngheshoutedatme．TheernmentbuiltacyclelaneontheroadbutitishardlyThedonothing．WhatalaughtheyareThecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwearhelmetsfluorescent(发荧光的)jacketsandlightsatnightandinthemorning．Theyshouldpaysomesortoftaxandbefinedfornotwearingthem．—CarolCyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),rideatspeedalongthepavements,andthinktheyhaveaspecialrighttogothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred．Iwasalmostknockeddownrecentlybyacyclistridingonthepavementwhentherewasacyclelanerightnexttohim．Otherroadusers,includinghorseriders,managetoobeytherulessowhynotcyclistsIt’sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbetracedandtheremightbeanopportunityto—WritetoViewpointsoftheMichaelHoranwrotethelettermainlytoshowthat driversshouldbepolitetoroadaccidentscanactuallybesomepedestriansareathreattoroadwakingwhileusingphoneshurtsone’sCarolHarveysuggeststhatcyclistsshould beprovidedwithenoughbeaskedtorideontheirownbemadetopaylesstaxforbefinedforlaughingatWhatisacomintofVeryfewdriversareCyclistsridefastonpavements．C．Pedestriansgothroughredtrafficlights．D．HorseridersdisrespectotherroadTheunderlinedword“they”inthethirdletterrefersto Thethreeletterspresentviewpointson realsourcesofroadwaystoimproveroadmeasurestopunishroadoffencesD．increasedawarenessofroadrulesBInitsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck．Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet．Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,“No,thanks．I’vegotagoodhorseunderme．”Thecitynnersdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn’tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel．TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity．AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt．Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet．Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago．Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel．Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily．Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructuresliketheTremontHo ,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?That’swhereGeorgePullmancamein．Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully．ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHo ,Pullmanwouldcethousandsofjackscrews(beneaththebuilding’sfoundation．Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews．AtPullman’ssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly．Astonishingly,theTremontHostayedopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening．Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution．ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem．NowthatChicago’swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity’snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver．Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow A．horseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoB．Chicago’sstreetswereextremelymuddyC．ChicagowasverydangerousintheD．theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyThecitynnerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto getridofthestreetlowertheChicagofightagainstheavybuildthepipesaboveTheunderlinedword“hoist”inParagraph4means WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremont ItwentonsmoothlyasItinterruptedthebusinessofthe ItinvolvedPullmanturningtenItseparatedthebuildingfromitsThepassageismainlyaboutearlyChicago’s A．popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB．environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC．engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD．successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievementsCHaveyourparentseverinspectedyourroomtoseeifyoucleaneditproperly?Imaginehavingyourentirehouse．garageandyardinspectedatanytime—withnowarning．Inspectionswerearegularpartoflighthouse(灯塔)living,andakeeper’sreputationdependedontheresults．Afewtimeseachyear,aninspectorarrivedtolookovertheentirelightstation．Theinspectionsweresupposedtobeasurprise,butkeeperssometimeshadadvancenotice．Oncelighthouseshadephones,keeperswouldcalleachothertowarnthattheinspectorwasapproaching．Afterboatsbeganflyingspecialflagsnotingtheinspectorwasaboard,thekeeper’sfamilymadeitagametoseewhocouldnoticetheboatfirst．Assoonassomeonespottedtheboat,everyonewoulddolast-minutetidyingandchangeintofancyclothes．Thekeeperthenscurriedtoputonhisdressuniformandcap．ChildrenofkeepersrememberinspectorswearingwhiteglovestoruntheirfingersoverdoorframesandwindowsillslookingforDespitetheseriousnatureofinspections,theyresultedinsomefunnymoments．BettyByrnesrememberedwhenhermotherdidnothavetimetowashallthedishesbeforeaninspection．Atthetime,peopledidnothavedishwashersintheirhomes．Inanefforttocleanupquickly,Mrs.Byrnestossedallthedishesintoabigbreadpan,coveredthemwithacloth,andstuckthemintheoven．Iftheinspectoropenedtheovendoor,itwouldlooklikebreadwasbaking．Heneverdid．Oneday,GlennFurst’smotherputoilonthekitchenfloorjustbeforetheinspectorenteredtheirhouse．Likefloorwax,theoilmadethefloorsshinyandhelpedprotectthewood．Thistime,though,sheusedalittletoomuchoil．WhentheinspectorextendedhishandtogreetGlenn’smother,heslippedonthefreshlyoiledsurface．“Hecameacrossthatfloorwavinghisarmslikeayoungbirdattemptingitsfirstflight,”Glennlaterwrote．Afterhesteadiedhimself,heshookGlenn’smother’shand,andtheinspection asthoughnothinghadhappened．WhatdoesParagraph lusabouttheinspectionatthelightstationItwascarriedoutonceaItwasoftenannouncedinItwasimportantforthekeeper’sItwasfocusedonthegarageandThefamilybeganmakingpreparationsimmedia yafter A．oneofthememberssawtheboatB．awarningcallreachedtheC．thekeeperputonthedressuniformandD．theinspectorflewspecialflagsintheMrs.Byrnesputthedishesintheovenbecausethiswould resultinsomespeedupwashingmakeherhomelookbeademandfromtheIftheinspectorhadopenedtheovendoor, hewouldhaveseen A．anemptypan B．manycleandishesC．piecesofbakedbread D．aclothcoveringsomething70．Theinspectorwavedhisarms A．totryhisbesttokeepB．toshowhissatisfactionwiththeC．toextendawarmgreetingtoGlenn’sD．toexpresshisintentiontocontinuethePartⅣWriting(45marks)SectionA(10marks)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage．Fillinthenumberedblanksbyusingtheinformationfromthepassage．WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachNotallprintdictionariesarethesame,asyouwillnoticewhenyouselectone．Tomakeawiseselection,youshouldknowhowtodistinguishamongthreekindsofprintdictionaries:pocket,desk,andunabridged．Youshouldalsoknowthecopyrightdateofyourdictionary,andcheckitsspecialfeatures．Apocketdictionaryissmall．Generally,itcontainsnomorethan75,000entries,makinghandytocarrytoclassandefficienttouse．However,apocketdictionarydoesn’tcontainenoughentriestobeadequateforcollegereference ．Inaddition,theinformationabouteachwordinapocketdictionaryisgenerallylimited．Adeskdictionaryismedium-sized,generallycontainingover170,000entriesaswellasextrafeatures．Forcollegeworkyoushouldownacurrentdeskdictionary．Anunabridgeddictionaryisacompletedictionary．Abridgeddictionaries,suchaspocketanddeskdictionaries,areshortened．BecauseunabridgeddictionariescontainnearlyallEnglishwords,theyarelargeandheavy．Theyareoftenusedbyschoolsandlibraries．Ifthecopyrightdateofyourcurrentdictionaryshowsthatitwaspublishedfiveormoreyearsago,considerinvestinginamorerecentedition．Englishisadynamiclanguagethatadmitsnewwordsandrecognizeschangesinmeaning,spelling,andusageoffamiliarwords．Thisisreflectedinanup-to-datedictionary．Inselectingadictionary,checkthefeaturesitoffersbesidesvocabularydefinitions．Manyeditionscontainsigns,symbolsandforeignwords．SomealsocontainCD-ROIVIsandaccesstospecialonlinefeatures．SectionB(10Directions:Readthefollowingpassage．Answerthequestionsaccordingt