自考汉语言本科：00015英语二讲义Unit12ABreakfromLife1205

II.TextLearningSelf-EsteemandBodyImage1I'mfat.I'mtooskinny.I'dbehappyifIweretaller,shorter,hadcurlyhair,straighthair,asmallernose,,biggermuscles,longerlegs.2Doanyofthesestatementssoundfamiliar?（承上句）Areyouusedtoputtingyourselfdown?Ifso,you'renotalone.Asateen,you'regoingthroughatonofchanges（大量的变化）inyourbody.Andasyourbodychanges,sodoesyourimageofyourself.Lotsofpeoplehavetroubleadjusting,andthiscanaffecttheirself-esteem.3WhyAreSelf-EsteemandBodyImageImportant?Self-esteemisallabouthowmuchpeoplevaluethemselves,thepridetheyfeelinthemselves,andhowworthwhiletheyfeel.Self-esteemisimportantbecausefeelinggoodaboutyourselfcanaffecthowyouact.Apersonwhohashighself-esteemwillmakefriendseasily,ismoreincontrolofhisorherbehavior,andwillenjoylifemore.Bodyimageishowsomeonefeelsabouthisorherownphysicalappearance.Formanypeople,especiallythoseintheirearlyteens,bodyimagecanbecloselylinkedtoself-esteem.That'sbecauseaskidsdevelopintoteens,theycaremoreabouthowothersseethem.（承上句）4WhatInfluencesaPerson'sSelf-Esteem?PubertySometeensstrugglewiththeirself-esteemwhentheybeginpubertybecausethebodygoesthroughmanychanges.(1)Thesechanges,combinedwithanaturaldesiretofeelaccepted,meanitcanbetemptingforpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers.TheymaycomparethemselveswiththepeoplearoundthemorwithactorsandcelebstheyseeonTV,inmovies,orinmagazines.本部分重点及难点：显示重难点解析1.Thesechanges,combinedwithanaturaldesiretofeelaccepted,meanitcanbetemptingforpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers.(1)naturaldesire天生的欲望(2)itcanbetempting（吸引人的，诱惑人的）forpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers中it是形式主语，真正的主语是forpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers,forpeople作不定式的逻辑主语。注意不定式和动名词逻辑主语的选择It'sselfishofyoutothinkofyourselfallthetime（你老是想着自己）.It'simportantforyoutomasteraforeignlanguage（你掌握一门外语）.It's+adj.+ofsb.todosth.此类形容词包括：nice,kind,cruel,selfish,selfless,brave,wise,foolish,stupid等。Doyoumindmy/me/Tom's/Tomopeningthewindow（我/汤姆开窗）?His/Tom'shavinglefthome（他/汤姆离家出走）madehisparentsverysad.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】24.It'sessential______tokeepadictionaryathandwhileyouarereadinganEnglishnovel.A．thatyouB．yourC．ofyouD．foryou【答案】D【解析】本题考查不定式的逻辑主语。形容词essential不是表示人的品质、行为的词，故选择foryou而不是ofyou。如果选择A应该把题干中空格后的to去掉，即essential后接用虚拟语气的从句。【知识点】不定式的逻辑主语(2)Butit'simpossibletomeasureourselvesagainstothersbecausethechangesthatcomewithpubertyaredifferentforeveryone.（承上启下句、主题句）Somepeoplestartdevelopingearly;othersarelatebloomers.Somegetatemporarylayeroffattoprepareforagrowthspurt（急剧增长）;othersfilloutpermanently,andstillothersfeelliketheystayskinnynomatterhowmuchtheyeat.(3)Italldependsonhowourgeneshaveprogrammedourbodiestoact.（承上总结句）Thechangesthatcomewithpubertycanaffecthowbothgirlsandguysfeelaboutthemselves.Somegirlsmayfeeluncomfortableorembarrassedabouttheirmaturingbodies.Othersmaywishthattheyweredevelopingfaster.Girlsmayfeetpressuretobethinbutguysmayfeelliketheydon'tlookbigormuscularenough.本部分重点及难点：显示重难点解析2.Butit'simpossibletomeasureourselvesagainstothersbecausethechangesthatcomewithpubertyaredifferentforeveryone.measureoneselfagainst...对照……评价自己，一较高下，与……较量3.Italldependsonhowourgeneshaveprogrammedourbodiestoact.(1)dependon取决于Itdepends.看情况吧。(2)program使按预定的步骤进行ourgeneshaveprogrammedourbodiestoact我们的基因已经设定好了身体将如何成长OutsideInfluencesIt'snotjustdevelopmentthataffectsself-esteem,though.Manyotherfactors(likemediaimagesofskinnygirlsandbulked-upguys)canaffectaperson'sbodyimagetoo.Familylifecansometimesinfluenceself-esteem.Someparentsspendmoretimecriticizingtheirkidsandthewaytheylookthanpraisingthem,whichcanreducekids'abilitytodevelopgoodself-esteem.Peoplealsomayexperiencenegativecommentsandhurtfulteasingaboutthewaytheylookfromclassmatesandpeers.Sometimesracialandethnicprejudiceisthesourceofsuchcomments.Althoughtheseoftencomefromignorance,sometimestheycanaffectsomeone'sbodyimageandself-esteem.5HealthySelf-EsteemIfyouhaveapositivebodyimage,youprobablylikeandacceptyourselfthewayyouare.Thishealthyattitudeallowsyoutoexploreotheraspectsofgrowingup,suchasdevelopinggoodfriendships,growingmoreindependentfromyourparents,andchallengingyourselfphysicallyandmentally.Developingthesepartsofyourselfcanhelpboostyourself-esteem.Apositive,optimisticattitudecanhelppeopledevelopstrongself-esteem.Forexample,saying,"Hey,I'mhuman"insteadof"Wow,I'msuchaloser"whenyou'vemadeamistake,ornotblamingotherswhenthingsdon'tgoasexpected.Knowingwhatmakesyouhappyandhowtomeetyourgoalscanhelpyoufeelcapable,strong,andincontrolofyourlife.Apositiveattitudeandahealthylifestyle(suchasexercisingandeatingright)areagreatcombinationforbuildinggoodself-esteem.6TipsforImprovingYourBodyImageSomepeoplethinktheyneedtochangehowtheylookoracttofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Butactuallyallyouneedtodoischangethewayyouseeyourbodyandhowyouthinkaboutyourself.Thefirstthingtodoisrecognizethatyourbodyisyourown,nomatterwhatshape,size,orcoloritcomesin.Ifyou'reveryworriedaboutyourweightorsize,checkwithyourdoctortoverifythatthingsareOK.Butit'snoone'sbusinessbutyourownwhatyourbodyislike.Ultimately,youhavetobehappywithyourself.Next,identifywhichaspectsofyourappearanceyoucanrealisticallychangeandwhichyoucan't.Everyone(eventhemostperfect-seeming（表面上）celeb)hasthingsaboutthemselvesthattheycan'tchangeandneedtoaccept,liketheirheight,forexample,ortheirshoesize.(4)Iftherearethingsaboutyourselfthatyouwanttochangeandcan(suchashowfityouare),dothisbymakinggoalsforyourself.Forexample,ifyouwanttogetfit,makeaplantoexerciseeverydayandeatnutritiousfoods.Thenkeeptrackofyourprogressuntilyoureachyourgoal.Meetingachallengeyousetforyourselfisagreatwaytoboostself-esteem!本部分重点及难点显示重难点解析4.Iftherearethingsaboutyourselfthatyouwanttochangeandcan(suchashowfityouare),dothisbymakinggo