新视野大学英语视听说教程(第二版)第四册原文和习题与讲解修正版unit6

Uint6

II.BasicListeningPractice

1.Script

W:What‟sthat?Isitatoy?Diditgetchewedbyadog?

M:Hey,that‟smymascot!MyunclegaveittomewhenIwasfive,ad‟sbeenwith

meeversince.Itbroughtmeluckinallmycollegeexams.Ican‟tbringmyselfto

partwithit.

Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouthisluckycharm?

2.Script

W:Wishmeluck;I‟vegotajobinterviewthisafternoon.I‟mreallynervous.

M:Staycalm,bestofluck!I‟vegotmyfingercrossedforyou.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansayhehascrossedhisfingersforthewoman?

3.Script

W:Ohno!Didyouseethatblackcatwalkrightinfrontofme?That‟sunlucky!

M:Really?Iguessitdependsonwhereyoucomefrom.Inmyhometownit‟sthe

opposite:It‟sluckytoseeablackcatcrossyourpath.Sononeedtoworry!

Q:Whatdothemanandthewomanthinkaboutablackcatcrossingtheirpath?

4.Script

M:GuesswhatIdidthismorning?Ismashedmymirror.Agreatwaytostarttheday!

W:Ohno,sevenyears‟badluck,isn‟tit?

Q:Whathappenedinthemorning?

5.Script

M:Ican‟tbelievethisrain;it‟sbeenpouringforhours!WherecanIdrymy

umbrella?

W:Notinhereplease!It‟sunluckytoopenanumbrellaindors.Youcanputitonthe

porch.

Q:Wheredoesthewomanaskthemandotoopenhisumbrella?

Keys:1.C2.C3.A4.D5.B

III.ListeningIn

Task1:DavidCopperfieldiscoming.

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W:

M:

MybrotherisgoingtopickupsometickersfortheDavidCopperfieldshow.

Youinterestedincomingwithus?

Idon‟tknow.I‟vebeencardtricksbefore,andfrabbitsromhats.Ievendo

tricksmyself—watchmechangethiscoinintoanicecreamcone.

Veryfunny.DavidCopperfieldistheworld‟sgreatestmagician;he‟s

certainlyworthalook.

W:

M:

Actually,hIaveseenhimontelevision.Hepullsoffsomeprettyamazing

stunts.IwishIknewhowheperformedhistricks.ThenIcouldmakealso

apersonfloatintheair.Icouldpullarabbitmyhoutat.ofIcouldescape

fromastraitjacketandhandcuffs—allunderwater.AndIcouldsawa

womaninhalf.

W:

Amagiciannevertellshissecrets.Davidattemptstheimpossibleandno

onehasanyideahowhedoesit.IsawhimonTVwhenhewalkedthrough

theGreatWallofChina.

M:

Howcouldhedothat?

W:

Ihavenoidea,butIknowwhatIsaw:Heenteredacanvasshelteronone

sideofthewall,andhecameoutofacanvasshelterontheotherside.

yes,burwashealwaysinfullviewofthecamera,ordidtheycuttoa

commercialorsomethingelse?

M:

W:

M:

Notonlywasthecamerarunningallthetime,buthewashookedupaheart

monitor,andyoucouldtrackhisprogressashemovedthroughthewall.

It‟sdifficulttoknowwhattobelieve.Iknowit‟snotpossibleforhimtodo

that,but…

W:

M:

Itsoundstomelike‟saitshowworthwatching.

Countmein.Insteadofanicecream‟lcone,lturnImymoneyintoaticket.

1.Whatisthedialogmainlyabout?

2.WhichofthefollowingDOESN‟Tthemanmention?

3.WhatdidDavidCopperfielddoattheGreatWallofChina,accordingtothe

woman?

4.UnderwhatconditiondidDavidCopperfieldgothroughtheGreatWall?

5.Whatdoesthemanfinallydecidetodo?

Keys:1C2.B3.A4.D5.C

ForReference

1.Hecouldmakeapersonfloatintheair,pullarabbitouthofishat,escapefroma

straitjacketandhandcuffs—allunderwater,andsawawomaninhalf.

2.ShethinksDavisCopperfieldintheworld‟sgreatestmagicianandhe‟scertainly

worthalook.

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Task2:Isitreallybadluck?

Script

Areyouworriedbecauseyouhavejustbrokenamirror?Somepeoplebelievethat

breakingamirrorisa(S1)terriblethingtodo.Theyisaytwillbringyousevenyears

of(S2)misfortune.Thereasonbehindthisbeliefstemstheoldideathataperson‟s

soulisintheir(S3)reflection,sothatifyousmashyourmirror,yousoulwillbe(S4)

damagedtoo,doomingyoudoanearlydeath,andnotgivingyouentryheaveton.(S5)

Isthereanywaytoreversethises—badifyluck?ouverYycarefullyp(S6)ickupall

thebrokenpiecesthofemirrorandthrowthemintoariverorstream,thenthebad

luckwill”be(S7)washedaway”..

Ofallnumber,13isthemostassociatedwithbadluck.(S8)Somepeopleclaimthat

thenumberisbadluckbecausethirteenpeoplesatdownfortheLastSupperbefore

Jesuswascrucified,andwiththisinmindfewhostswillservedinnerwiththirteenat

thetable.AndaccordingtoanancientNorwegiantale,twelvegodshadgatheredfor

feastwhenathirteenth,Loke,entered.Afterthemeal,LokekilledBalder,whowas

themostbelovedofallthegods.

(S9)Fridaythethirteenthofmonanythisconsideredespeciallybadunluorcky,and

FridaythethirteenthofMarchistheworstofthemall.

Thenumbersevenalsohassomesuperstitionconnectedtoit.ItissaidthatGod

createdtheworldinsevendays,andanyassociationwiththenumberisluck.The

seventhsonoftheseventhsonissaidtobetheluckiestofmen,and(S10)When

peopletalkaboutthe“seven-yearitch”theymeanthateverysevenyearsaperson

undergoesacompletechangeinpersonality.

Task3:TheStatusonEasterIsland

Script

OneofthegreatestmysteriesonEarthisthestatuesonEasterIsland.Theislandis

oneofthemostremoteplacesonEarth,locatedinthesouthernPacificOcean.wasIt

almostuninhabitedwhenitwasdiscoveredonEasterDayin1722byaDutchcaptain,

butitiscoveredwithhundredsofgiantstatues,eachweighingseveraltonsandsome

standingmorethan30feettall.

Whocarvedthesestatures,andhowandwhyweretheyputthere?

Nobodyknowstheanswerforsure,butmanyatetryingtofindout.Therearemany

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theoriestoexplainthismysery.Ithasevenbeensuggestedthespacealiensmayhave

playedaroleregardingthesegiantstatues.Anothertheoryrelatestothefactthat

EasterIslandwasinhabitedbyPolynesianseafarers,whotraveledthousandofmiles

intheircanoes,guidedbythestars,thecolorofskyandthesun,theshapesofc

andthepresenceofbirdsmakingflightsouttoseaseekingfood.ThePolynesiansfi

arrivedontheislandin499A.D.However,theoceancurrentswhichcarriedthemthere

wouldmottakethemback.Theyweretrappedand,havingarrivedthere,couldnot

leave.ThePolynesiansprobablecaredthestatuesthemselves,perhapsasreligious

symbols.

Todate,887statueshavebeendiscoveredontheisland.However,onlyafewstatues

werecarriedintendeddestination.Therestwereabandonedalongtheway.

Thestatuesappeartohavebeencarvedoutofthetopedgeofwallsofavolcanoon

theisland.Afterastatuewascarved,itmayhavebeenrolledordraggeddowntothe

baseofthevolcano.Thenitwasputupright,andropesweretiedaroundit.Usinga

pulleysystem,thestatuewasmovestoitsintendeddestination.

Atitspeak,thepopulationofEaterIslandisbelievedtohavereached11,000.

Eventually,theresourcesoftheislandwereexhausted,andthepeopleresortedto

cannibalism,eatingoneanother.Workonthestatuestoppedandthestatueswere

knockedover.WhenthefirstEuropeansfinallyarrivedontheisland,mostofthe

peopleladdiedout.

1.Whenandbywhomwastheislanddiscovered?

2.Whoarementionedinthepassageaspossiblebuildersofthestatues?

3.WhatistrueofthePolynesiansontheislandaccordingtothepassage?

4.Howmanystatueserecarriedtotheirintendeddestination?

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

Keys:1A2.B3.D4.D5B

ForReference

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IV.SpeakingOut

MODEL1

ThisisacustomthatdatesbacktotheancientCelts.

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Chris:Sue,doyouknowwhypeople,say“knockonwood”whentheywanttoavoid

badluck?

Susan:Itsoundsabitfunny.AsfarasIknow,ithasalottodowithancientCeltic

people.Theyworshippedtrees.

Chris:Soundsinteresting.

Susan:Theythoughtstreeswouldsuckdemonsbackintotheground.

Chris:Well,whenyouthinkaboutthedeeproots,theirbeliefseemstomakesome

senses.

Susan:What‟smore,knockingonwoodwasawaytobragwithoutbeingpunished.

Peopleoncethoughtthatevilspiritswouldbecomejealousifgoodfortune

waspointedouttothem

Chris:Uh,yes,goon.

Susan:well,byknockingonwoodthreetimes,thenoisecouldfrightenedawaythe

evilspirits,andthey‟tcouldnhavetorobthebraggartofthatgoodfortune

Chris:I‟mafraidthosewho‟dontknowthissuperstitionmightbefrightenedawayas

well.

Susan:Nowhere‟satest.Doyouknowhowthecustomofkissingunderthe

mistletoeoriginated?

Chris:Ihaven‟ttheslightest,ideabut‟mIallears.

Susan:AgainthisisacustomthatdatesbacktotheancientCelts.Sincethey

worshippedtrees,theyconductedmanyoftheirceremoniesinthe

woodsintheshadeoftrees.

Chris:NowIsee.Probably‟situnderthesemistletoetreesthatweddingstookplace.

Susan:Iwishyouwerestandingundersomemistletoerightnow.

Chris:Luckily‟Imnot.Touchwood.

MODEL2Isthereanyrelationshipbetweensuperstitionsand

reallife?

Script

Chris:It‟sstrangethatsomanypeoplearesuperstitious.Theremustbesome

relationshipbetweensuperstitionsandreallife.

Susan:Youknow,RichardWiseman,aBritishpsychologistresearchedthe

relationshipbetweensuperstitionandluck.

Chris:Whatdidhefind?Mostpeoplewouldbeinterested.AtleastIwould

Susan:Hepolled,000peopleandfondthatpeoplewhobelievethemselvestobe

luckytendtogoforpositivesuperstitions.Theymayweararingasatalisma

oroftensay,”touchwood”forgoodluck.

Chris:Then,whatabouttheunluckypeople?Doyoumeaniftheythinktheyate

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unlucky,theytendtobelieveinsuperstitionsabutbadluck.

Susan:Yeah.Theyworryalotaboutabrokenamirror,blackcatrunningacrosstheir

path,andsoon.

Chris:Sowhatishispoint?

Susan:Hispointisthatpeoplemaketheirownluckbytheirattitudetolife.So,49

percentofluckypeopleregularlycrosstheirfingers,comparedto30percent

ofunluckypeople.Andonly18percentofluckypeopleareanxiousifthey

breakamirror.

Chris:So,ourfateislinkedtoourattituderatherthantooursuperstitions.

Susan:Ithinkthat‟swhatheissuggesting.

Chris:Thisresearchseemstoocomplicates.IfIwereapsychologist,Iwouldconduct

asurveytofindwhether13reallyisanunluckynumber.Ifthereeretraffic

accidentsormurdersonthethth13anonotherdays,thenwehavetobelievein

superstitions.

Susan:Whatifthereweren‟t?

Chris:ThenIwouldn‟tbesuperstitious.

Susan:Whatabrilliantidea!IneverexpectedyoutobeaswiseasSolomon.

Chris:Wellaslongasyou‟tdonthink‟mIafool.

MODEL3

Script

IbelieveETshavevisitedtheearthbefore.

Nora:Hey,what‟sthispictureofyours?Itlookslikeaflyingsaucer.

Chris:Itis.Iwasvisitedbyalienslastweekandthisisapictureoftheirspacecraft.

Nora:WhenIlookcloser,itresemblesaliverFrisbee.

Chris:Butitcouldhavebeenaliens.IbelieveETshavevisitedtheearthe.Whbeforat

doyouthink?

Nora:ItwouldbehardtobelieveotheProwise.jectslikethepyramidsaredifficultto

explainaway,giventheleveloftechnologythatwasavailableatthetime

Chris:That‟sforsure.Theyaremysterious.

Nora:Whenyouconsiderallthose“impossibilit,it‟esstemptingtoinferthatsome

highlyadvancedcivilizationassistedhumansintheir.construction

Chris:Thinkaboutthis:ifyouwereabductedbyaliensandtakenuptotheir

spaceshiporsomething…well…

Nora:Whatdoyoumean?

Chris:Imean,whowouldbelieveyou?You‟dgonutstellingeveryone:“It‟strue!I

wasabductedbyaliens!”

Nora:Andeveryonewouldthinkyouwerecrazy,orjustmakingupastorytoget

attention.

Chris:FromwhatIunderstand,sometimesthesepeopledogocrazy,tryingto

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convincepeopleabouttheirexperiences.

Nora:Ibelievethatinsomecasestheyofferprettygoodevidence.

Chris:So,takeacloserlookatthispicture.Doyou‟sstillaFrithinksbee?it

NowYourTurn

Task1

SAMPLEDIALOG

Simon:Eliza,doyouknowwhypeoplesay”keepyourfingerscrossed”whenthey

wanttowishothersluck?

Eliza:Itsoundsabitfunny.AsfarasIknow,it‟salottodowithanancient

Christianbelief.

Simon:Uh,goon.

Eliza:IntheChristianbelief“makingthesignofthecross”wouldkeepawayevil

spiritsandbadluck.

Simon:Isee.Whenyouthinkaboutthecross,signofChristianity,thatbeliefseems

tomakesomesense.

Eliza:That‟strue.That‟swhychildrenoftencrosstheirfingerswhentheytella

smalllie.Theywanttokeepbadluck,orawaytoavoidbeingpunished.

Simon:Soundsinteresting.ISo,‟llcrossmyfingersforyoubeforeyoutakethefinal

examination.

Eliza:Thankyou.

Simon:Butthosewhodon‟tunderstandthissuperstitionmightbepuzzled

Eliza:Withinterestingcommunicationsamongnations,moreandmorepeoplecan

understanditnow.

V.Let’sTalk

Script

Thanks,perhaps,ftoallingstockmarketsandunrestintheMiddleEast,Britonshave

becomeevenmoresuperstitiousthanusual,accordingtoareportpublishedtoday.

“Therehasbeenasignificantincreaseinsuperstitionoverthelastmonth,possibleas

aresultcofurrenteconomicandpolitiuncalertainties,”statedDr.DickArmstrong.

HelaunchedanInternetSurveyofnationalsuperstition,andfoundittobe

surprisinglyhigh,evenamongthosewithascientificbackground.Onlymoreinteno

thosesurveyedclaimednottobesuperstitiousatall.Threeoutoffourpeoplein

Britainfeeltheneedtotouchwood,and65%crosstheirfingers.

Itisinterestingntootethatluckypeopleweremuchlesssuperstitiousandtendedto

takeconstructiveactiontoimprovetheirlives.Conversely,superstitiouspeople

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tendedtoregardthemselvesasamonglestheslucky,worriedaboutlife,hadastrong

needforcontrol,andcouldnottolerate.ambiguity

Thesurveyalsorevealedsomeunexpectedbeliefs.Forexample,onerespondent

couldnotstayinthebathroomonceatoilethadbeenflushed.

Therewasnoevidencethatsuperstitiouseverworked,even,whenpeoplewere

instructedtocarryluckycharmsforaweek.Theydidn‟tfeelanyluckierormore

stratifiedwiththeirlivesattheendofthatweekthanwhentheystarted.

Armstrongattemptedtoexplainthisphenomenon:“Whenstudentsarepreparingfor

examswithaluckycharm,theymaytrustthecharm,ratherthandoingsomeextra

revision.”

ReasonsfoeMoreThanks,perhaps,tofallingstockmarketsandunrestinthe

SuperstitionsMiddleEast,Britonshavebecomeevenmoresuperstitiousthan

usual

Luckypeopleweremuchlesssuperstitionsandtendedtotake

constructiveactiontoimprovetheirlives.Conversely,

superstitiouspeopletendedtoregardthemselvesasamongthe

Whoaremore

lesslucky

superstitious?

Therewasnoevidencethatsuperstitiouseverworked,even,

whenpeoplewereinstructedctoarryluckycharmsforaweek.

DosuperstitionsTheydidn‟tfeelanyluckierormoresatisfied

work?

Explanation

Whenstudentsarepreparingforexamswithaluckyctharm,ey

maytrustthecharm,ratherthandoingsomeextrarevision.

VI.FurtherListeningandSpeaking

Task1:HorseshoesasaSignofGoodLuck

Script

Horseshoesareatraditionalsigngoodlofuck.Mostpeoplebelievethisfcomesrom

thefactthatthehorseshoeisshapedlikethecrescentmoon,aperiodofprosperity

goodfortune.OnelegendhasitthattheDevilwasindisguiseandwanderingatlarg

lookingfortrouble.HehappenedtocallonSt.Dunstan,whoeaskilledinshoeing

horses.St.DunstanrecognizedtheDevilandtiedhimtoawallwithonlyhisfeetf

tomove.Hethensettoworkshoeinghimasthoughhewereahorse,butwithsuch

roughnesstheDevilcriedoutformercy.St.Dunstanstoppedhisworkandreleased

theDevilaftermakinghimpromisenevertoenterhomeaonwhichahorseshoewas

fixed.Witchesfearhorses,sotheyaretalsournedawaybyadoorwithahorseshoe

mountedonit.Thebigissueregardinghorseshoesiswhethertheyshouldbehung

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pointsuporpointsdown.

Theoriginalsuperstitionwasthatthehorseshoeispointsuptokeeptheluckfrom

pouringout.Despitethisviewmostbuildingswithhorseshoesintheirsignhang

themtheoppositeway.TheHorseshoeCasinoinLaseVgashangsitshorseshoewith

thearcontop.Themaybehopingtheircustomers‟luckrunsout,butithissusually

notsomethingyouadvertiseinyoursign.Fingerringsmadeofhorseshoenailaresa

tokeepawaybadluck.Also,robbingtwohorseshoestogetherissaidtobringgood

luck.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesthecrescentmoonrepresent?

2.WhatdidSt.DunstandototheDevil?

3.WhatdidtheDevilpromise?

4.Whatisthebigissueconcerningthehorseshoe?

5.Whyisthearcofthehorseshoeupatthecasinoegasin?LasV

Keys:1.A2.C3.D4.C5.B

Task2:Superstitionsorrealbadlucks?

Script

Joan:Passmethatmirror,wouldyou?‟llsIeeifmymakeupisOK.

Dick:OOOPS!!SorryIdroppedit…butisityouormethatgetsthesevenyearsof

badluck?

Joan:You,Ihope,butprobableneitherofus.Iwonderwherethat“oldwives‟tale”

originatedanyway.

Dick:Thereusedtobealotofsuperstitions:blackcats,ladders,numbers.My

parentandgrandparentsarefullofthem.

Joan:Iagree.Peopletodaymuarechmoreeducatedthanbefore.Thesesuperstitions

arejustamusingpiecedofhistoryratherthan‟tbeliefs,youthindonkso?

Dick:Perhaps,butsomepeopletodaystillgoforthem.Peoplewhoselivelihoods

dependmoreonluck—likeprofessionalathletes,orfishermen—oftenthey

havesuperstitiousroutines.

Joan:It‟srue.Ihaveheardofathleteswhowearluckysocksoratreasuredmedalto

bringthemgoodfortune.

Dick:Andlet‟snotorgeftluckynumbers.Weallknowaboutthenumber4,6,and8in

China.

Joan:Iknow4isdeathand8iswealth,butwhatisthesignificanceof6?

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Dick:6meansgoodluck.Somepeopleinclude6intheire-mailaddressjustforluck.

Joan:Maybewearenotassmartaswethinkweare.

Dick:Well,therearemanythingsintheuniversethatwecannotcontrol,andthat‟s

whypeoplearesuperstitious.

Keys:TTFFT

Task3:CareerTransitions

Script

TherewasakinginAfricawhohasaclosefriendthathegrewupwith.Thefriend

ahabitoflookingateverysituationinhislife“Thiandsissaying,good!”

Onedaythekingandhisfriendwereouthunting.Thefriendwouldloadandprepare

thegunsfortheking.Thefriendhadapparentlydonesomethingwronginpreparing

oneoftheguns,foraftertakingthegunfromhisfriend,thekingfireditandhis

thumbwasblownoff.Examiningthesituation,thefriendremarkedausual,“Thisis

good!”towhichthekingreplied,“No,thisisNOTgood!”andproceededtosendhis

friendtojail.

Aboutayearlater,thekingwashuntinginanareathatheshouldhaveknownstayto

clearof.Cannibalscapturedhimandtookhimtotheirvillage.Theytiedhimtoa

stakesurroundedbywood.Astheycameneartosetfiretothewood,theynoticedtha

thekinghadbutonethumb.Beingsuperstitious,nevetheyrateanyonethatwasless

thanwhole.Sotheysetthekingfree.

Ashereturnedhome,hewasremindedoftheeventhathadtakenhisthumboffand

feltbadlysorryabouthistreatmenthofisfriend.Hewentimmediatelytothetjailo

speakwithhisfriend.“Youwereright,”hesaid,“itwasgoodformythumbwas

blownoff.”Thenheapologized,“I‟mverysorryforsendingyoutojailforsolong.It

wasbadformetodo”this.

“No,”hisfriendreplied,“thisisgood!”

“Whatdoyoumean,„thisisgood‟?HowcoulditbegoodthatIsentyou,mygood

friend,tojailforallthis”time?

“IfIhadnotbeeninjail,Iwouldhavebeen—anwithdeatyouen.!”

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ForReference

1.Hehadaha