实验四有限状态机实验实验报告

.范文.实验四有限状态机实验实验报告一、实验目的通过蚂蚁世界实验掌握游戏中追有限状态机算法二、实验仪器Windows7系统MicrosoftVisualStudio2015三、实验原理及过程制作菜单设置参数：点击会弹出对话框，设置一些参数，红、黑蚂蚁的家会在地图上标记出来运行：设置好参数后点击运行，毒药、食物、水会在地图上随机显示下一步：2只红蚂蚁和2只黑蚂蚁会随机出现在地图上，窗口右方还会出现红、黑蚂蚁当前数量的统计不断按下一步，有限状态机就会不断运行，使蚁群产生变化2）添加加速键资源视图中下方选择ID和键值新建头文件def.h在AntView.cpp中加入#include"def.h"与本实验有关的数据大都是在这里定义的intflag=0;#definekForage1#definekGoHome2#definekThirsty3#definekDead4#definekMaxEntities200classai_Entity{public: inttype; intstate; introw; intcol; ai_Entity(); ~ai_Entity(){} voidNew(inttheType,inttheState,inttheRow,inttheCol); voidForage(); voidGoHome(); voidThirsty(); voidDead();};ai_EntityentityList[kMaxEntities];#definekRedAnt1#definekBlackAnt2intRedHomeRow;intRedHomeCol;intBlackHomeRow;intBlackHomeCol;intRedNum=2;intBlackNum=2;//地图大小，可改变#definekMaxRows30#definekMaxCols40#defineLENGTH20intterrain[kMaxRows][kMaxCols];#definekGround1#definekWater2#definekBlackHome3#definekRedHome4#definekPoison5#definekFood6//ai_Entity类中函数的定义ai_Entity::ai_Entity(){ type=0; state=0; row=0; col=0;}intRnd(intmin,intmax)//不能产生负数{ intresult; do{ result=rand()%max; }while(result<=min); returnresult;}voidai_Entity::New(inttheType,inttheState,inttheRow,inttheCol){ type=theType; row=theRow; col=theCol; state=theState;}voidai_Entity::Forage(){ introwMove; intcolMove; intnewRow; intnewCol; intfoodRow; intfoodCol; intpoisonRow; intpoisonCol; rowMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; colMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; newRow=row+rowMove; newCol=col+colMove; if(newRow<0) return; if(newCol<0) return; if(newRow>=kMaxRows) return; if(newCol>=kMaxCols) return; if((terrain[newRow][newCol]==kGround)||(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kWater)) { row=newRow; col=newCol; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kFood) { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kGoHome; do{ foodRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); foodCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[foodRow][foodCol]!=kGround); terrain[foodRow][foodCol]=kFood; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kPoison) { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kDead; do{ poisonRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); poisonCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]!=kGround); terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]=kPoison; }}voidai_Entity::GoHome(){ introwMove; intcolMove; intnewRow; intnewCol; inthomeRow; inthomeCol; intpoisonRow; intpoisonCol; inti; if(type==kRedAnt) { homeRow=RedHomeRow; homeCol=RedHomeCol; } else { homeRow=BlackHomeRow; homeCol=BlackHomeCol; } if(row<homeRow) rowMove=1; elseif(row>homeRow) rowMove=-1; else rowMove=0; if(col<homeCol) colMove=1; elseif(col>homeCol) colMove=-1; else colMove=0; newRow=row+rowMove; newCol=col+colMove; if(newRow<0) return; if(newCol<0) return; if(newRow>=kMaxRows) return; if(newCol>=kMaxCols) return; if(terrain[newRow][newCol]!=kPoison) { row=newRow; col=newCol; } else { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kDead; do{ poisonRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); poisonCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]!=kGround); terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]=kPoison; } if((newRow==homeRow)&&(newCol==homeCol)) { row=newRow; col=newCol; state=kThirsty; for(i=0;i<kMaxEntities;i++) if(entityList[i].type==0) { entityList[i].New(type,kForage,homeRow,homeCol); if(type==kRedAnt) RedNum++; if(type==kBlackAnt) BlackNum++; break; } }}voidai_Entity::Thirsty(){ introwMove; intcolMove; intnewRow; intnewCol; intfoodRow; intfoodCol; intpoisonRow; intpoisonCol; rowMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; colMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; newRow=row+rowMove; newCol=col+colMove; if(newRow<0) return; if(newCol<0) return; if(newRow>=kMaxRows) return; if(newCol>=kMaxCols) return; if((terrain[newRow][newCol]==kGround)||(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kFood)) { row=newRow; col=newCol; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kWater) { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kForage; do{ foodRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); foodCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[foodRow][foodCol]!=kGround); terrain[foodRow][foodCol]=kWater; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kPoison) { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kDead; do{ poisonRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); poisonCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]!=kGround); terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]=kPoison; }}voidai_Entity::Dead(){ if(type==kRedAnt) RedNum--; if(type==kBlackAnt) BlackNum--; type=0;}制作对话框添加资源，拖动控件9个静态文本框，7个编辑框右键对话框添加类InputDlg，添加成员变量intm_RedHomeRow; intm_RedHomeCol; intm_BlackHomeRow; intm_BlackHomeCol; intm_food; intm_water;intm_poison;在AntView.cpp中加入#include"InputDlg.h"对菜单项添加事件给CAntView类添加一些成员变量没做说明都是添加到CAntView类，没做说明都是COMMAND事件。设置参数：点击出现对话框，输入值，确定后赋给CAntView的成员变量，刷新窗口voidCAntView::OnData(){ //TODO:在此添加命令处理程序代码 InputDlgdlg; if(dlg.DoModal()==IDOK) { RedHomeRow=kRedHomeRow=dlg.m_RedHomeRow; RedHomeCol=kRedHomeCol=dlg.m_RedHomeCol; BlackHomeRow=kBlackHomeRow=dlg.m_BlackHomeRow; BlackHomeCol=kBlackHomeCol=dlg.m_BlackHomeCol; kMaxWater=dlg.m_water; kMaxFood=dlg.m_food; kMaxPoison=dlg.m_poison; } if(kRedHomeRow>=kMaxRows||kBlackHomeRow>=kMaxRows||kRedHomeCol>=kMaxCols||kBlackHomeCol>=kMaxCols ||kRedHomeRow<0||kBlackHomeRow<0||kRedHomeCol<0||kBlackHomeCol<0 ||kRedHomeRow==kBlackHomeRow&&kRedHomeCol==kBlackHomeCol) { AfxMessageBox(L"输入坐标不合法，请重新输入！"); return; } flag=1; Invalidate();}运行：初始化数组，随机生成毒药、事物、水，刷新窗口voidCAntView::OnRun(){ //TODO:在此添加命令处理程序代码 if(flag==0) { AfxMessageBox(L"还未设置蚂蚁家的位置！"); return; } if(flag!=1) return; inti,j; for(i=0;i<kMaxRows;i++) for(j=0;j<kMaxCols;j++) { terrain[i][j]=kGround; } terrain[kRedHomeRow][kRedHomeCol]=kRedHome; terrain[kBlackHomeRow][kBlackHomeCol]=kBlackHome; srand(time(NULL));//取系统时间为随机种子 intr,c; for(i=0;i<kMaxWater;i++) { r=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); c=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); if(terrain[r][c]==kGround) terrain[r][c]=kWater; else i--; } for(i=0;i<kMaxPoison;i++) { r=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); c=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); if(terrain[r][c]==kGround) terrain[r][c]=kPoison; else i--; } for(i=0;i<kMaxFood;i++) { r=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); c=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); if(terrain[r][c]==kGround) terrain[r][c]=kFood; else i--; } flag=2; Invalidate();}下一步：有限状态机的核心代码，刷新窗口voidCAntView::OnNext(){ //TODO:在此添加命令处理程序代码 if(flag==2) { //kGround才能新建 intx,y; for(inti=0;i<2;i++) { x=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); y=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); if(terrain[y][x]==kGround) { entityList[i].New(kRedAnt,kForage,y,x); } else i--; } for(inti=2;i<4;i++) { x=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); y=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); if(terrain[y][x]==kGround) { entityList[i].New(kBlackAnt,kForage,y,x); } else i--; } flag=3; } else { for(inti=0;i<kMaxEntities;i++) { switch(entityList[i].state) { casekForage: entityList[i].Forage(); break; casekGoHome: entityList[i].GoHome(); break; casekThirsty: entityList[i].Thirsty(); break; casekDead: entityList[i].Dead(); break; default: break; } } } Invalidate();}OnDraw函数flag是标志变量，便于控制绘图voidCAntView::OnDraw(CDC*pDC){ CAntDoc*pDoc=GetDocument(); ASSERT_VALID(pDoc); if(!pDoc) return; //TODO:在此处为本机数据添加绘制代码 inti,j; //绘制网格 for(i=0;i<=LENGTH*kMaxRows;i+=LENGTH) { //画横线 pDC->MoveTo(0,i); pDC->LineTo(LENGTH*kMaxCols,i); } for(i=0;i<=LENGTH*kMaxCols;i+=LENGTH) { //画竖线 pDC->MoveTo(i,0); pDC->LineTo(i,LENGTH*kMaxRows); } //画出红黑房子 if(flag>=1) { pDC->TextOutW(kBlackHomeCol*LENGTH+1,kBlackHomeRow*LENGTH+1,L"H"); pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(255,0,0)); pDC->TextOutW(kRedHomeCol*LENGTH+1,kRedHomeRow*LENGTH+1,L"H"); pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(0,0,0)); } if(flag>=2)//遍历数组在相应位置显示图片（水滴、骷髅、苹果） { CDCdcMemory; dcMemory.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC); CBitmapbmp1,bmp2,bmp3; BITMAPbmpInfo1,bmpInfo2,bmpInfo3; bmp1.LoadBitmapW(IDB_BITMAP1); bmp1.GetBitmap(&bmpInfo1); bmp2.LoadBitmapW(IDB_BITMAP2); bmp2.GetBitmap(&bmpInfo2); bmp3.LoadBitmapW(IDB_BITMAP3); bmp3.GetBitmap(&bmpInfo3); CBitmap*pOldBitmap=dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp1); for(i=0;i<kMaxRows;i++) { for(j=0;j<kMaxCols;j++) { if(terrain[i][j]==kWater) { dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp1); pDC->StretchBlt(j*LENGTH+1,i*LENGTH+1,19,19,&dcMemory,0,0,bmpInfo1.bmWidth,bmpInfo1.bmHeight,SRCCOPY); } elseif(terrain[i][j]==kPoison) { dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp2); pDC->StretchBlt(j*LENGTH+1,i*LENGTH+1,19,19,&dcMemory,0,0,bmpInfo2.bmWidth,bmpInfo2.bmHeight,SRCCOPY); } elseif(terrain[i][j]==kFood) { dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp3); pDC->StretchBlt(j*LENGTH+1,i*LENGTH+1,18,18,&dcMemory,0,0,bmpInfo3.bmWidth,bmpInfo3.bmHeight,SRCCOPY); } } } dcMemory.SelectObject(pOldBitmap); } if(flag>=3)//绘制蚂蚁 { CDCdcMemory; dcMemory.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC); CBitmapbmp1,bmp2; BITMAPbmpInfo1,bmpInfo2; bmp1.LoadBitmapW(IDB_BITMAP4); bmp1.GetBitmap(&bmpInfo1); bmp2.LoadBitmapW(IDB_BITMAP5); bmp2.GetBitmap(&bmpInfo2); CBitmap*pOldBitmap=dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp1); for(i=0;i<kMaxEntities;i++) { if(entityList[i].type==kRedAnt) { dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp1); pDC->StretchBlt(entityList[i].col*LENGTH+1,entityList[i].row*LENGTH+1,19,19,&dcMemory,0,0,bmpInfo1.bmWidth,bmpInfo1.bmHeight,SRCCOPY); } if(entityList[i].type==kBlackAnt) { dcMemory.SelectObject(&bmp2); pDC->StretchBlt(entityList[i].col*LENGTH+1,entityList[i].row*LENGTH+1,19,19,&dcMemory,0,0,bmpInfo2.bmWidth,bmpInfo2.bmHeight,SRCCOPY); } } dcMemory.SelectObject(pOldBitmap); CStrings; s.Format(_T("红蚂蚁数：%d黑蚂蚁数：%d"),RedNum,BlackNum);//输出当前蚂蚁数 pDC->TextOutW(43*LENGTH,0,s); }}四、实验结果运行：点击菜单项，设置参数，弹出对话框如果设置参数不对：（房子坐标越界、红黑房子坐标相等、食物毒物水数为负数）参数设置好后，房子出现：点击运行或F5，食物毒物水出现：点击下一步或F10，蚂蚁和文字出现：多次点击下一步，蚂蚁数改变：可以多次点击下一步设置的参数不同蚂蚁的繁殖情况不同。比如，食物多，繁殖快，毒物多，蚂蚁可能很快就灭绝了五、实验心得通过有限状态机实现蚂蚁的繁殖，很有趣的一个实验，通过此次实验能增加AI和MFC的知识，程序还有很多需要改进的地方。比如，有时候不按指定的顺序点击菜单将会出现小错误；def.h里的东西太杂，可以新建cpp文件，整理进去。六、主要代码实验过程中已经列出主要代码，这里再列出与有限状态机算法有关的代码ai_Entity::ai_Entity(){ type=0; state=0; row=0; col=0;}intRnd(intmin,intmax)//不能产生负数{ intresult; do{ result=rand()%max; }while(result<=min); returnresult;}voidai_Entity::New(inttheType,inttheState,inttheRow,inttheCol){ type=theType; row=theRow; col=theCol; state=theState;}voidai_Entity::Forage(){ introwMove; intcolMove; intnewRow; intnewCol; intfoodRow; intfoodCol; intpoisonRow; intpoisonCol; rowMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; colMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; newRow=row+rowMove; newCol=col+colMove; if(newRow<0) return; if(newCol<0) return; if(newRow>=kMaxRows) return; if(newCol>=kMaxCols) return; if((terrain[newRow][newCol]==kGround)||(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kWater)) { row=newRow; col=newCol; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kFood) { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kGoHome; do{ foodRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); foodCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[foodRow][foodCol]!=kGround); terrain[foodRow][foodCol]=kFood; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kPoison) { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kDead; do{ poisonRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); poisonCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]!=kGround); terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]=kPoison; }}voidai_Entity::GoHome(){ introwMove; intcolMove; intnewRow; intnewCol; inthomeRow; inthomeCol; intpoisonRow; intpoisonCol; inti; if(type==kRedAnt) { homeRow=RedHomeRow; homeCol=RedHomeCol; } else { homeRow=BlackHomeRow; homeCol=BlackHomeCol; } if(row<homeRow) rowMove=1; elseif(row>homeRow) rowMove=-1; else rowMove=0; if(col<homeCol) colMove=1; elseif(col>homeCol) colMove=-1; else colMove=0; newRow=row+rowMove; newCol=col+colMove; if(newRow<0) return; if(newCol<0) return; if(newRow>=kMaxRows) return; if(newCol>=kMaxCols) return; if(terrain[newRow][newCol]!=kPoison) { row=newRow; col=newCol; } else { row=newRow; col=newCol; terrain[row][col]=kGround; state=kDead; do{ poisonRow=Rnd(-1,kMaxRows); poisonCol=Rnd(-1,kMaxCols); }while(terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]!=kGround); terrain[poisonRow][poisonCol]=kPoison; } if((newRow==homeRow)&&(newCol==homeCol)) { row=newRow; col=newCol; state=kThirsty; for(i=0;i<kMaxEntities;i++) if(entityList[i].type==0) { entityList[i].New(type,kForage,homeRow,homeCol); if(type==kRedAnt) RedNum++; if(type==kBlackAnt) BlackNum++; break; } }}voidai_Entity::Thirsty(){ introwMove; intcolMove; intnewRow; intnewCol; intfoodRow; intfoodCol; intpoisonRow; intpoisonCol; rowMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; colMove=Rnd(-1,3)-1; newRow=row+rowMove; newCol=col+colMove; if(newRow<0) return; if(newCol<0) return; if(newRow>=kMaxRows) return; if(newCol>=kMaxCols) return; if((terrain[newRow][newCol]==kGround)||(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kFood)) { row=newRow; col=newCol; } if(terrain[newRow][newCol]==kWater) { row=newRow; co