2023年高考英语一轮复习专题3.4Astronmythescienceofthestars（测）（含解析）

PAGE2-Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元检测卷〔时间50分钟；总分值100分〕班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________I语言知识及应用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕【湖北省黄冈中学2022年高三5月第三次模拟】WhenIwasaboygrowingup,welivedacrossariverfromthemainroadnexttoasetofrailroadtracks.Theonlywaytoourhousewasacrossa

1.Ouronlyneighbor,Frankie,livedina(n)2houseonthehillsidebehindourhome.Hishouse,3,wasoverahundredyearsold.Frankiewasalreadynearly80yearsoldwhenIwas

4.Hewasafirstgeneration,Italianimmigrantwhohadnevermarried.Hehad

5ontherailroadforover40yearsbeforeretiringbutstillworkedhardeveryday.Iwouldwatchhimwith6growplantsonhillsides.Frankiewas

7bytoday’sstandards.Hehadnoelectricityorrunningwaterandwould

8onceaweekwithwaterheboiled.Ineverseemedto9thesmellwhenIvisitedhim,though.His10remainedbrokenevenafterallhisyearsinAmericabutsomehowIneverhadanytrouble

11him.Frankiealso

12

meinmyspiritualgrowth.Hedidthismainlyby

13.Heneverlecturedortaught.Hejustshowedmehowtolivewithhonesty,kindness,andgoodness.Heshowedmethejoyofnature,the

14thatcancomefromjustsittingoutsideonasunnyday.WhenFrankie

15,wefoundhehadover40,000dollarsinthebank,a

16atthattime,fromalifetimeofsaving.Itwassenttohisbrothersandsisters17livinginItaly.Weoftenwonderedwhyhehadn’tusedittobuyabetterhomeandlivemore

18.Lookingbacknow,however,Iknowthe

19.Hehadfood,shelter,clothes,andwarmthbothinhishouseandinhisspirit.He

20nothingmoretobehappyinhislife.1.A.

streetB.

boardC.

mapD.

bridge2.A.

openB.

emptyC.

oldD.

dark3.A.

infactB.

atfirstC.

aboveallD.

asusual4.A.

employedB.

bornC.

preparedD.

educated5.A.

workedB.

waitedC.

walkedD.

traveled6.A.

delightB.

amazementC.

regretD.

patience7.A.

weakB.

carelessC.

poorD.

smelly8.A.

diveB.

swimC.

batheD.

practice9.A.

mindB.

bearC.

haveD.

take10.A.

heartB.

EnglishC.

lifeD.

time11.A.

understandingB.

findingC.

believingD.

improving12.A.

servedB.

guidedC.

heldD.

accepted13.A.

natureB.

choiceC.

orderD.

example14.A.

courageB.

wealthC.

peaceD.

strength15.A.

failedB.

returnedC.

settledD.

died16.A.

recordB.

secretC.

fortuneD.

success17.A.

stillB.

alsoC.

againD.

often18.A.

activelyB.

comfortablyC.

safelyD.

quietly19.A.

methodB.

processC.

chanceD.

answer20.A.

managedB.

changedC.

neededD.

explained【答案】2.考查形容词词义辨析。A.open开放的；B.empty空的；C.old老的，旧的；D.dark黑的。根据后文所述Frankie居住的房子已经一百多岁了，所以应该是“旧的〞，应选C。3.考查介词短语辨析。A.infact实际上；B.atfirst首先；C.aboveall最重要的是；D.asusual像往常一样。句意：他的房子“实际上〞有100多年了，应选A。4.考查动词词义辨析。A.employed雇佣；B.born出生；C.prepared准备；D.educated教育。根据后文所述Frankie是意大利移民的第一代人，所以这里应该是当我“出生〞时，Frankie就已经八十多岁了，应选B。5.考查动词词义辨析。A.worked工作；B.waited等待；C.walked走；D.traveled旅行。句意：他在退休前已经在铁路上“工作〞了四十多年了，应选A。6.考查名词词义辨析。A.delight开心；B.amazement惊讶；C.regret懊悔；D.patience耐心。根据前文所述虽然Frankie已经退休了他仍然努力工作，所以作者看到他在山腰种植植物很“惊讶〞，应选B。7.考查形容词词义辨析。A.weak虚弱的；B.careless粗心的；C.poor贫穷的；D.smelly难闻的。根据后文所述他既没有电也没有流动的水，洗澡的频率也很低，所以这里应该是按照如今的标准来看他是“气味难闻的〞，应选D。8.考查动词词义辨析。A.dive跳水；B.swim游泳；C.bathe洗澡；D.practice锻炼。根据前文所述他既没有电也没有流动的水，所以这里应该是他用自己煮的水一星期“洗一次澡〞，应选C。9.考查动词词义辨析。A.mind介意；B.bear忍受；C.have有；D.take带走。根据此句中的“though"可判断这里的意思应与前句相反，所以虽然Frankie身上气味难闻，我去拜访他的时候好似从来没有“介意〞这个事情，应选A。10.考查语境。A.heart心；B.English英语；C.life生活；D.time时间。根据从句意思“即便他一直在美国生活〞，所以可推测这里应该是：他的“英语〞仍然破碎不堪，应选B。11.考查动词词义辨析。A.understanding理解；B.finding找到；C.believing相信；D.improving提高。根据前文可知，Frankie的英语不好，所以可推测这里应该是：但不知怎么的，我“理解〞他从来都没困难，应选A。14.考查语境理解。A.courage勇气；B.wealth财富；C.peace和平，宁静；D.strength力量。根据后文所述“thatcancomefromjustsittingoutsideonasunnyday.只来自于晴朗的一天坐在户外〞，这样的描述只能形容peace，应选C。15.考查语境理解。A.failed失败；B.returned返回；C.settled解决；D.died死亡。应该是他“死〞的时候我们发现他有40000多美元在银行，应选D。16.考查名词词义辨析。A.record记录；B.secret秘密；C.fortune财富；D.success成功。由前文可知他存了四万多美元在银行，在那个时候这是一笔“财富〞，应选C。17.考查副词和语境理解。A.still仍然；B.also也；C.again再一次；D.often经常。根据上文可推知，这笔钱寄给了他“仍然在〞意大利居住的兄弟姐妹，应选A。18.考查副词词义辨析。A.actively积极地；B.comfortably舒适地；C.safely平安地；D.quietly安静地。根据句意：我们想知道他为什么不用这笔钱买个好房子，居住的“更舒适〞些呢？应选B。19.考查名词词义辨析。A.method方法；B.process进程；C.chance时机；D.answer答案。前句是个问句，由此可判断这里应该是我现在知道其中的“答案〞了，应选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每题1.5分，总分值15分)【东北师范大学附属中学2022届高三下学期第三次模拟】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容〔1个单词〕或括号内单词的正确形式。RecentlyIhavefoundmanyofusstudentsspendtoomuchtimesendingtextmessagesor

21(play)gamesoncellphones,whichhasnegativeeffectsonourstudentsandalsodoesthemtooureyes.Worsestill,itis22wasteoftime.Wehavelittletimetocommunicate

23ourparentsandfriends.

24dowehavetimeforphysicalexercise.Whatshallwedo

25(improve)thesituation?Allofusshouldbe

26(full)awareoftheharmfuleffectsoffrequentuseofcellphones.Tobeginwith,let’slimitourtime

27(spend)oncellphonesandstartotherhobbies.Andweshouldspendmoretimeplayingsports,whichis

28(benefit)tous.besides,talkingwithfriendsisalsoagoodchoicetohelpusrelaxandgetridofthe29(addict).Ihopethatmysuggestionswillbeofhelptoyou.Let’sputdownourcellphonesandfocuson

30ishappeningaroundus!【答案】21.playing22.a23.with24.Nor/Nei【解析】请在此填写整体分析!21.spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间做某事。这是一个固定短语，故填playing。22.awasteof………的浪费。这是固定短语，更糟的是，这是浪费时间。故填a。23municatewithsb.与某人交流。故填with。24.Nor/Neitherdosb.某人也不……。根据上文的little可知是否认句，此处表示我们几乎没有时间与家人和朋友交流，也没有时间进行锻炼。故填Nor/Neither。25.不定式表示目的，为了改善这种情况我们应该怎么办？故填toimprove。II阅读(共两节，总分值30分)第一节阅读理解(共1小题；每题2分，总分值20分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【东北师范大学附属中学2022届高三下学期第三次模拟】ADisney’sTheLionKingVenue:LyceumTheatrePhone:02074920810Duration:2hours30minutesCategories:FamilyKidsMusicalsPerformancedates:Tuesday-Saturdayat7.30pmWednesday,SaturdaySunday2.30pmTicketsPrice:from￡42WaltDisney’slongrunningandmulti-awardwinningmusicalTheLionKingcontinuestodelightaudiencesinLondon’sWestEnd.BasedontheDisneyanimatedfilm,TheLionKingcametostateonBroadwayin1997andTheLionKingLondonopenedinOctober1999,playingtopackedhouseseversince!SetagainstthegrandSerengetiPlainsandtotheuniquerhythmsofAfrica,Disney’sTheLionKingisunlikeanythingeverbeforeseeninmusicaltheatre,andwillredefineyourexpectationsofwhattheatrecanbe.DirectoranddesignerJulieTaymorcraftsacolorful,imaginativeandhighlycreativeworldthatbringstheplantsandanimalsofAfricatolive.Featuringtheoriginalsongsfromthe1994film,including“CircleofLife〞,CanYouFeeltheLoveTonight〞,“BePrepared〞and“HakunaMatata〞TheLionKingmusicalisatreatforaudiencesofallages.FamiliesyoungandoldcontinuetopacktheLyceumTheatrewiththeirLionKingticketstocelebrateintheimpressivestorytellingthattransportsyoutoawonderfulworldthatexplodeswithgloriouscolours,breathtakingeffectsandenjoyablemusic.“Thereissimplynothingelselikeit!〞NewYorkTimes.“Youhopeallnightsatthetheatrewillbelikethis.〞DailyMail.Pleasenote:TheLionKingisrecommendedforages6andup.Childrenundertheageof3willnotbeadmittedintothetheatre.Allpersonsaged16orundermustbeaccompaniedbyanadultandmaynotsitontheirownwithintheauditorium.Allpersonsenteringthetheatre,regardlessofage,musthaveaticket.31.Accordingtothepassage,TheLionKing__________.A.

istobeshownsevendaysaweekB.

isanOscarawardwinnerC.

hasbeenpopularforabout20yearsD.

lastsabout90minutes32.Whichofthefollowinggroupwillnotbeadmittedintothetheatre?A.

Foursecond-yearstudentsatuniversityB.

TwoprimaryschoolgirlswithateacherC.

Acouplewithtwosonsaged5and7D.

Ayoungmomwithher2-year-olddaughter33.Thispassageisintendedto_____________.A.

instructB.

educateC.

advertiseD.

entertain32.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Childrenundertheageof3willnotbeadmittedintothetheatre.可知，3岁以下的孩子不允许进入剧院，应选D。33.写作目的题。这篇文章介绍了舞台剧?狮子王?的一些根本信息，包括上演的时间，地点，票价等，因此这是一篇广告，应选C。B【湖北省黄冈中学2022年高三5月第三次模拟】CWhilemusichasvalueallbyitself,researchershavelongnoticedthatmusiciansalsotendtobebetteratlearninglanguagesandshowotherimprovedreadingandmathabilities.NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityofWashingtonbyChristinaZhaoshowsthatrhythmisanimportantbridgebetweenmusicandspeechasearlyasninemonthsofage.Researchersrandomlyplacedbabiesintotwogroupsof20each,andeachgroupplayedatthelabwiththeirparentsforadozen15-minutesessionsoveramonth.Inonegroup,researchersplayedrecordingsofsongswithawaltzrhythmandshowedtheparentshowtohelptheirbabiestapoutthat1-2-3beatintimewiththemusiconboydrumsorwiththeirfeet.Intheothergroup,childrenplayedwithtypicaltoysandnomusic.Thebabiesinthemusicgroupwerebetterabletodetectrandommistakesinthatrhythmwhentheyhearditwithintwoweeksofthelastsession.Theyalsoshowedastrongerbrainresponsetodisruptionsintherhythm.Forexample,researcherswouldsometimesalterthetimingofsyllables(音节)byslightlyshorteningthemiddlesoundofawordlikebibbitomakeitbibi—andthebabieswithmusictrainingweremorelikelytonoticeit.Inotherwords,musictrainingnotonlyimprovedthebabies’abilitytonoticewhenamusicalrhythmskippedabeat,butalsoimprovedtheirabilitytonoticewhentherhythmsofspeechchangedunexpectedly,animportantskillforlearningtotalk.ThestudyreflectsZhao’spersonalexperiencesasapianistwhomusicincollege,andassomeonewhospeaksbothMandarinandEnglish.Shenoticedthatalotofherfellowmusicianswerealsogoodatlearningotherlanguages.“Thatreallygotmewonderinghowthesetwoarerelated,“Zhaosaid.34.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewstudy?A.

Itincludedtwentybabies.B.

Thebabiesweregroupedbyage.C.

Itwascarriedoutinformoflabtests.D.

Thetwogroupswereoffereddifferenttypesofmusic.35.Accordingtothelastparagraph,ChristinaZhao________.A.

willcarryonwiththisstudyB.

isgoodatdiscoveringhiddenconnectionsC.

iswillingtoshareherpersonalexperiencesD.

beganlearningdifferentlanguagesduringchildhood36.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.

MusicLearners’AdvantagesOverLanguageLearnersB.

AnImportantBridgeBetweenMusicandBabiesC.

ResearchersProveMusic’sInfluenceonBabiesD.

MusicSkillsMayHelpBabiesLearnLanguages35.细节理解题。根据最后一段“andassomeonewhospeaksbothMandarinandEnglish.Shenoticedthatalotofherfellowmusicianswerealsogoodatlearningotherlanguages〔当有人既会说普通话又会说英语的时候，她注意到她的很多音乐同事也擅长学习其他语言〕〞可知，她擅长于发现隐藏的联系，应选B。36.主旨大意题。本文首先开头告诉我们：音乐技能好的人也擅长于语言学习，接着用一项研究论证了这一观点，最后用ChristinaZhao发现音乐和语言之间隐藏关系的个人经历证明：音乐有利于语言学习，应选D。C【湖北省沙市中学2022届高考冲刺第九次考试】BItisgoodtogetintouchwithyourinnerchildfromtimetotime，andobviouslysomepeoplearewillingtopaybigmoneyforthechancetodosoinaproperenvironment．ABrooklyn-basedadultpreschoolischargingcustomersbetween333and999forthechancetoactlikeakidagain．

AtPreschoolMastermindinNewYorkadultsgettoparticipateinshow—and—tell，arts—and—craftssuchasfingerpaint，gameslikemusicalchairsandeventakenaps．Themonth-longcoursealsohasclasspicturedaywheretheadultsareexpectedtohaveafieldtripandaparentday．

30-year-oldMichelleJoniLapidos，thebrainbehindtheadultpreschool，studiedchildhoodeducationandhasalwayswantedtobeapreschoolteacher．She’salwaysonthelookoutfornewwaystogetpeopleintouchwiththefreedomofchildhood．Afriendencouragedhertostartthemastermindcourseinstead．

AccordingtoCandice，herbloggerfriend，PreschoolMastermindgivesadultsachancetorelearnandmasterthethingsthattheyfailedtounderstandaschildren．“Irealizedallthesignificancesofwhatwelearninpreschool，〞saidfounderMichelleJoni，“Peoplecomehereandgetintouchwiththeirinnerchild．It’smagical．Wearebringingourselvesbacktoanotherplace，anothertimewithourselveswhenwearemorebelievinginourselves，moreconfidentandreadytotakeontheworld．〞

“Oneperson’sherebecausetheywanttolearnnottobesoserious．〞Michellesaid．“Another'sheretolearntobemoreconfident．〞Sheexplainedthatmostoftheclasseswereplanned．However，Joniaddedthatwhiletheplannedactivitieswerefun，itwasoftenthespontaneous(自发的)momentsthatattractedstudents．“It’sthethingsyoudon’tplanfor，thesharingbetweenfriendsandlearningfromeachother．’’37.WhatisthepurposeofPreschoolMastermind?A.

Togiveadultsachancetoreturntochildhood.B.

Tohelpparentsunderstandtheirchildrenbetter.C.

Toprovidepracticaltrainingcoursesforteachers.D.

Tointroducesomewaysofplayingwithchildren.38.WhatismainlydiscussedaboutPreschoolMastermindinParagraph2?A.

Itscustomers.B.

Itsactivities.C.

Itsenvironment.D.

Itsschedule39.AccordingtoCandice，peoplecometothisprogramto________.A.

enjoyfreedomofthinkingB.

realizetheirchildhooddreamsC.

discovertheirinnerabilitiesD.

figureoutchildhoodpuzzles40.WhatdoweknowaboutMichelleJoni?A.

Sheusedtobeapreschoolteacher.B.

Shelikestomakeplansinadvance.C.

ShefoundedPreschoolMastermind.D.

Shegainedconfidencebysharing.【解析】试题分析：文章介绍了一种给成年人重回童年，重新学习解决童年时疑惑的学校。涉及了创立目的、具体活动及人们的收获。37.A推理判断题。根据第一段forthechancetoactlikeakidagain和第四段PreschoolMastermindgivesadultsachancetorelearnandmasterthethingsthattheyfailedtounderstandaschildren．可知PreschoolMastermind的目的是给成年人重回童年一次时机，重新学习和掌握一些东西，应选A.38.B推理判断题。根据第二段的show-and-tell，arts-and-craftssuchasfingerpaint，gameslikemusicalchairsandeventakenaps.和classpictureday等内容可知本段介绍的是学校的具体活动，应选B.考点：考查广告类短文阅读。第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022届高三5月押题】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。PeoplehaveproblemsPeoplehavetorememberpasswordsforeverything,fromtheiremailtoonlinebankingandinternetshopping.41

AleakedYahoodatabaseshowedthatthemostpopularpasswordswerestill“123456〞and“password〞.42Thesepeoplearetryingtomakelifeeasyforthemselves.

43

Hackers(黑客)havegottenverygoodatwhattheydo,withmorecapabletoolsthanever,andthosetoolscanworksowellbecausewearestillreallybadatchoosingandrememberingpasswords.ResearchersfromtheUK’sLancasterUniversity,aswellasthePekingandFujianNormaluniversitiesinChina,testedpasswords.

44

Theyguessedpasswordsformorethan73percentofordinaryusers,accounts.Hackerscouldevenguessathirdoftheharderpasswordsin100tries,reportedtheDailyMail.AccordingtoresearchersfromBloombergBusinessweek,usingupperandlowercases(大小写)inyourpasswordisagoodwaytomakeissafer.Addingnumbersand/orsymbolstoyourpasswordcanalsobeofgreathelp.Chooseanine-letterpasswordthatincludesnumbersand/orsymbols;thiswouldtakeahacker’scomputerhundredsofyearstobreak,Also,neverusepersonalinformationasapassword.

45

Expertssuggestthatausershouldchangehisorherpasswordevery90daystokeephackersguessing.A.Passwordswereshort.B.Usedifferentpasswordsfordifferentaccounts.C.Apasswordmustbedifficulttobeguessedbyothers.D.Manypeopleusedsimplecombinationsoftheirname,ageorbirthday.E.Theytriedtoguesspasswordsbasedonpeople’spersonalinformation.F.Buttheyarealsomakingiteasyforhackerstobreakintotheiraccounts.G.Soit’seasytounderstandwhymanyofuswouldpicksomethingsimpleandeasyforourpasswords.【答案】42.细节理解题，根据“AleakedYahoodatabaseshowedthatthemostpopularpasswordswerestill“123456〞and“password〞.〞一项泄露的雅虎数据说明，现如今最受欢送的密码仍旧是123456和“password〞故此题选择D此题考查了考生对于文章前后段落相关性的理解程度，有助于加强考生阅读理解分析问题的能力。43.细节理解题，根据上文内容“Thesepeoplearetryingtomakelifeeasyforthemselves.〞这类人群正在尝试让生活变得简单一些。联系上下文故此题选择F.此题考查了考生对于文章中单句话的理解，通过仔细阅读单句抓住该句所要表达的深层含义，以到达更好理解文章的目的。44.细节理解题，根据下文内容“Theyguessedpasswordsformorethan73percentofordinaryusers,accounts.〞他们猜想超过百分之73的常规用户和账户的密码。故此题选择E。该题旨在考查考生理解上