初中英语被动语态讲解练习及答案-2

被动语态【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：I主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am/is/are+spoken一般过去时：was/were+spoken一般将来时：will/shallbe+spoken现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+spoken过去进行时：was/werebeing+spoken现在完成时：have/hasbeen+spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.fHewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.fThebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.fAtreewascutdownbyhim.（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.fThiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.fItshouldbedoneatonce.(六)特殊情况.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.fTheboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday..MotherneverletsmewatchTV.fIamneverlettowatchTVbymother..JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.f(1)AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.f(2)PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.常见的句型结构：Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought...…)that 大家同意(相信、决定、希望、认为)Itis(was)wellknownthat众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat..…被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat...…务必记住 Itmustn'tbeforgotten..t千万别忘记 Itis(was)said(reported,heard,told,suggested)that 据说(报道、听说、告知、建议 )二、典型例题()1.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C.areholdingD.willhold( )2.Intheartshow,alotofenjoymenttoforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings.A.isgiving Bisgiven Cwillgive Dhasgiven( )3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Itin.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaught D.istaught()4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards( )5.UsuallycomputerstosearchtheInternet.A.use B.areusingC.areusedD.used( )6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroomeveryday.A.clean B.cleans C.iscleaned( )7.—DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes.Infact,it.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround

A.pollutedBwaspollutedA.pollutedBwaspollutedChaspollutedD.waspollute--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay)8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstartedA.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted)9.---IfeelveryhappythatItobethehost.)9.---IfeelveryhappythatItobethehost.---Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosenA.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen)10.Manytreesandflowers)10.Manytreesandflowersinourschoollastyear,andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.A.plantBA.plantB.plantedC.haveplantedD.wereplanted)11)11.Somefamouspaintingsinthehallnextweek.A.willshowB.wereshownC.isshownD.willbeshown)12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives)13.---Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.---Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeenthesedays.A.turnedupB.putupA.willshowB.wereshownC.isshownD.willbeshown)12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives)13.---Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.---Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeenthesedays.A.turnedupB.putupC.shownupD.fixedup)14.Twelve-year-oldsshouldnot)14.Twelve-year-oldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowedA.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed)15.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?—Yes,ourclassroom—Yes,ourclassroomeveryday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.Cleaned三、课后练习)1.—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.-I,msorry,butIwhentomeet.A.don,ttellB.didn,ttellA.don,ttellB.didn,ttellC.haven,ttoldD.wasn,ttold)2.Manyoldhousesaroundourschoolnextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldownB.willbepulleddownC.willpulldownD.arepulleddownA.pulldownB.willbepulleddownC.willpulldownD.arepulleddown)3.---Mywatch---Don'tworry.Let'sgototheLost&Found.A.islostB.isbrokenC.hasfoundD.hasstoppedA.islostB.isbrokenC.hasfoundD.hasstopped)4.---DidyougotoSam,sweekendparty?---No,IA.amnotinvitedB.wasn,tinvitedC.haven,tinvitedD.didn,tinviteA.amnotinvitedB.wasn,tinvitedC.haven,tinvitedD.didn,tinvite)5.)5.--Howoftenyourschoolsportsmeeting--Onceayear.A.does;holdwas;holdis;helddid;holdA.does;holdwas;holdis;helddid;hold()6.OnMay30th,,onebowlintheMingdynasty(明朝)atthepriceof30.36millionHongKongdollars.A.sell B.sold C.issold D.wassold()7.The"Thousand-handGuanyin"bymanypeopleasthebestperformanceatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregardedB.areregarded C.hasregardedD.regards( )8.—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,theyinHangzhou.A.painted B.werepainting C.werepainted D.hadpainted()9.---Don,tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”---Sorry.A,hasthrow B,wasthrow C,mustthrowD,mustbethrown()10.The29th0lympicGames_inBeijingin2008.A.willhold Bwillbeheld C.hold( )11.Thegirlwasoftenheardhappilyinherroom.A.sing B. tosing C. singing D.sings( )12.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildingsinourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuilt B.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.willbuild( )13.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildingsinourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuilt B.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.willbuild( )14.Thesickboytohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istaken B.wastaken C.takes D.took()15.--It,sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.--Ithinkabridgeovertheriver.A.wasbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.shouldbebuilt()16.--David,turnofftheTVnooneiswatchingit.--Butitoffalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.A.sothat,hasbeenturned B.when,hasturnedC.if,hasbeenturned D.because,hasturned()17.UsuallyJohntoschoolinhisfather,sbeautifulcar.A.hastakenB.istakingC.istaken D.hasbeentaken()18.Don,tputofftoday,sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today,sworktoday.A.maydoB.mustdo C.maybedoneD.mustbedone( )19.--Look,whatanoldpalace!Itlookssogreat!--Yeah,itnearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuiltC.hasbuilt D.isbuilt( )20.Don'tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessytEiidoso.A.ask B.areasked C.willask D.willbeasked典型例题一般现在时1A。［解析］考查被动语态，根据句意，“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态，故排除了B、C、D。2［答案］B。［解析］本题考查被动语态，句中alotofenjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中，一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”3［答案］D。［解析］考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。4［答案］A。［解析］选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。5［答案］C。［解析］从句子看，电脑作主语，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故选C。6.［答案］C。［解析］考查被动语态物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。一般过去时1［答案］B。考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。2［答案］B。［解析］从句意：”……自从‘地球日’开始以来，人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知，“地球日”的开始，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为wasstarted故选B。3.Weintofivegroupstogototheoldpeople'shome.Wedidmanythingstocheerthemup.太原市］.divided B.aredivided C.weredivided3［答案］C。［解析］本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句"Wedidmanythings.”可推断，时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。4C5D一般将来过去1［答案］D。［解析］本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”，在此为动作“展出”的承受者，故应用被动语态，时间状语为nextweek,是表示将来的时间状语，所以句子时态是一般将来时，所以D项正确。2B答案B答案：D。情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。答案为C。句中有everyday,主语为ourclassroom,故要用一般现在时的被动语态。【参考答案】.答案D解析：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去，I和tell之间是被动关系。.答案B解析：由题干时间nextyear科知识将来时态，句子主语是oldhouses，应用被动语态。故选B。.答案A解析：由Let,sgototheLost&Found.可知，说明表丢失了。故选.答案B解析：由DidyougotoSam,sweekendparty?可知陈述过去的动作的发生，I和invite之间存在着被动关系。故选B。.答案C解析：Howoften+一般疑问句？此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，表示宠长时间一次“。往往针对频度副词如：always,seldom,usually,onceamonth,sometimes,everyfiveminutes等提问，常用于现在时或过去时。由题干yourschoolspo