大学英语六级阅读理解测试题及答案

大学英语六级阅读理解测试题及答案Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.UniversityofYorkbiologistPeterMayhewrecentlyfoundthatglobalwarmingmightactuallyincreasethenumberofspeciesonthepla，contrarytoapreviousreportthathighertemperaturesmeantfewerlifeforms—areportmatwashisown.InMayhew'sinitialxxstudy，lowbiodiversityamongmarineinvertebrates（无脊椎动物）appearedtocoincidewithwarmertemperaturesonEarthoverthelast520millionyears.ButMayhewandhiscolleaguesdecidedtoreexaminetheirhypothesis，thistimeusingdatathatwere“afairersampleofthehistoryoflife.”砌thisnewcollectionofmaterial.theyfoundapletereversaloftherelationshipbetweenspeciesrichnessandtemperaturefromwhattheirpreviouspaperargued：thenumberofdifferentgroupspresentinthefossilrecordwashigher，ratherthanlower，durin9“greenhousephases.”Theirpreviousfindingsrestedonanassumptionthatfossilrecordscanbetakentorepresentbiodiversitychangesthroughouthistory.Thisn'tnecessarilythecase.becausetherearecertainperiodswithhigher.qualityfossilsamples.andsomethataremuchmoredifficulttosamplewell.Awareofthisbias.Mayhew'steamuseddatathatstandardizedthenumberoffossilsexaminedthroughouthistoryandaountedforothervariableslikesealevelchangesthatmightinfluencebiodiversityintheirnewstudytoseeiftheiroldresultswouldholdup.Twoyearslater，theresultsdidnot.Butthenwhydoesn'tlifeincreasinglyemergeonEarthasourtemperaturesgetwarmer?Whiletheswitchmaypromptsometoassertthatclimatechangeisnothazardoustolivingcreatures，Mayhewexplainedthatthetimescalesinhisteam'sstudyarehuge--over500millionyears--andthereforeinappropriatefortheshorterperiodsthatwemightlookatashumansconcernedaboutglobalwanning.Manyglobalwarmingconcernsarefocusedonthenextcentury.Hesaid——andthelifetimeofaspeciesistypicallyoneto10millionyears.“Idoworrythatthesefindingsvillbeusedbytheclimateskepticmunitytosay‘look.Climatewarmingisfine。hesaid.Nottomentionthenumerousotherthingsweseemtodotocreateastormofthreatstobiodiversity—thinkofwhathabitat（栖息地）destruetion,overfishing,andpollutioncandoforaspeeies'viability（生存力）.Thosethings,Mayhewexplained,givetheorganismsafargreaterehallengeineopingwithelimateehangethantheywouldhavehadintheabseneeofhumans.“Ifweweretorelaxallthesepressuresonbiodiversityandallowtheworldtoreeoverovermillionsofyearsinawarmerclimate.thenmypredictionisitwouldbeanimprovementinbiodiversity，”hesaid.Soitlookslikeweneedtocurbourrecklesstreatmentoftheplafirst，ifwewanttoeventuallyseeasurgeinthenumberofspeciesontheplaastemperaturesgetwarmer.Wedon'thave500millionyearstowait.WhatisthefindingofPeterMayhew'srecentstudy?Highertemperaturecausesthelowbiodiversityofmarineinvertebrates.Fossilrecordcanrepresentarelativelybelievablehistoryoflife.Thenumberoffossilswashigherduringgreenhousephases.GlobalwarmingmightpromotetherichnessofspeciesonEarth.WhatdowelearnaboutMayhew'spreviousreport?Itwasbasedonhiscolleagueshypothesisaboutglobalwarming.Itwascontrarytowhathisteamfoundintherecentstudy.Itwasapletereversalfromhisxxstudyaboutmarineinvertebrates.Itfoundevidencefortheconnectionsbetweenbiodiversityandtemperature.WhydoesMayhew'steamusedatathatstandardizedthenumberoffossils?Theyrealizenotallfossilscansamplewelltorepresentbiodiversitychanges.Theystarttoconsiderthevariablesthatmightinfluencebiodiversity.Theywanttocheckthepreviousfindingswithdifferentresearchmethods.Theybelievesealevelchangescanleadtoinauratefossilrecords.Becauseofthehugetimescalesinhisstudy，Mayhewbelieved.globalwarmingisnothazardoust01ivingcreaturesinashorttimehisstudyisnotsuitabletosupportshort-termglobalwarmingglobalwarmingconcernsshouldbefocusedoninthenextcenturythelifetimeofaspeciescanbeextendedt010millionyearsBy“wedon'thave500millionyearstowait”(Line4，Para.6)，theauthorsuggeststhat.wehavenoenoughtimetoallowtheearthtorecoverfromdamageswehavenoenoughtimetowitnesstheevolutionofaspeciesit'surgentforhumanstotakestepstopreventglobalwarmingit'snecessaryforhumanstostopmaltreatmentoftheplaD）。此题考查彼得•梅休的最新研究成果。定位句指出，他发现气候变暖可能使得地球上物种的数量增加，故答案为D）。B）。此题考查对梅休之前研究报告结论的理解。定位句指出，在新收集的材料中，他们发现了与他们之前的论文所辩称的一种物种丰富性与温度间完全相反的关系，故答案为B）。A）。此题考查梅休团队利用标准化化石的原因。定位句指出，因为某些特定的时段有一些更高质量的化石样本，其中一些更难取出好的样本。基于这一点，梅休团队在他们的新实验中利用标准化个数并被历史所检测的化石数据，故此题答案为A）。B）。此题考查梅休对于研究时间跨度太长的态度。定位句指出，梅休解释他们团队的研究时标很长，有5亿多年，所以用于解释人们关注的较短时间内的全球变暖是不适宜的，故答案为B）。D）。JustbackfromatourofseveralArabianGulflcountries,awomanrecallshowjumpyshefelttalkingtomenthere."Notbecauseofwhattheysaid,"sheexplains,"butwhattheydidwiththeireyes."Insteadoftheoasionalblink,Arabsloweredtheirlidssoslowlyandlanguorouslythatshewasconvincedtheywerefallingasleep.InJapaneyecontactisakeytothewayyoufeelaboutsomeone.Andthelessofit,thebetter.WhataWesternerconsidersanhonestlookintheeye,theOrientaltakesasalackofrespectandapersonalaffront.Evenwhenshakinghandsorbowing—andespeciallywhenconversing6—onlyanoasionalglanceintotheotherperson'sfaceisconsideredpolite.Therestofthetime,greatattentionshouldbepaidtofingertips,desktops,andthewarpandwoofofthecarpet."AlwayskeepyourshoesshinedinTokyo,"advisesanelectronicsrepresentativewhohasspentseveraldaysthere."YoucanbetalotofJapaneseyoumeetwillhavetheireyesonthem."Doyouunderstandthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesrelatingtoeyeandcouldyouexplaintheminyourownwords?Hiseyesarebiggerthanhisstomach.He'sgotablackeye.Maryspentthewholeeveningmakingeyesatothermen.ThetriptoAustraliawasquiteaneye-opener.MywifeandIdon'tseeeyetoeyeonthismatter.Sheisalwaystheappleofherfather'seye.II.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:Thediscoveryofthemurderweaponprovidedthekeythemystery.Pleasekeepaneyethebabyforme.Canyoulookmetheeyeandsayyoudidn'tstealit?Foramomentherwordsdidn'tsink.1.Heistoogreedyinaskingforortakingmorefoodthanhecaneat.He'sbe