华南师范大学2021年考博英语试题

1/1华南师范大学2021年考博英语试题华南师范大学2012年考博英语试题

华南师范大学2012年考博英语试题

SectionIVocabulary(20points)

Directions:Thereare40sentencesinthissection.Eachsentencehassomethingomitted.Choosethe

wordorwordsfromthefourchoicesgiventobestcompleteeachsentence.

1.Conscience__himdayandnightafterhesawthemiseriesotherchildwhichwascausedbyhis

misdoingswithhisowneyes.

A.racks

B.persecutes

C.maltreats

D.abuses

2.Herprofessionalethicsisnowbeingquestionedsincesheoften__herreportstosuitthepeople

sheisspeakingto.

A.disfigures

B.deforms

C.misshapes

D.distorts

3.Thedevelopedcountriesareurgingthedevelopingcountriestoadoptastrategythatcan__the

twinneedsofdevelopmentandpreservationofnature.

A.assimilate

B.correspond

C.coincide

D.reconcile

4."Venice__asthemajorseapoweroftheMediterraneanduringtheMiddleAges,whichwas

ernementionedbysomewriters,suchasShakespeare,Marlowe,etc..

A.prevailed

B.reigned

C.presided

D.restrained

5.Terrorists__tobombingcitycentersasameansofachievingtheirpoliticalaims.

A.resorted

B.took

C.saw

D.looked

6.ThedilemmaIwascaughtinseveralyearsagobearsaclose____totheoneyouareinvolvedin

today,soperhapsIcangiveyousomeadvice.

A.likeness

B.resemblance

C.analogy

D.familiarity

7.Ascivilization____inthedirectionoftechnology,itpassesthepointofsupplyingallthebasic

essentialsoflife-food,shelterandclothes.

A.processes

B.precedes

C.proceeds

D.exceeds

8.Inmostcasespoliticiansare__astheyseldomtellthetruth.

A.skeptical

B.pessimistic-

C.incredulous

D.incredible

9.He__hischildrennothingandgavethemwhatevertheywanted

A.rejected

B.denied

C.deprived

D.restricted

l0.He__ofhavingmissedagoodopportunitytostudyabroadbuthe"knewitwasnousecrying

overspiltmilk.

A.wept

B.mourned

C.grieved

D.repented

11.Theworkisnotveryprofitable____cash,butIamgettingvaluableexperiencefromit

A.inaccordancewith

B.onthebasisof

C.intermsof

D.inthelightof

12.Whenthehostessreceivedmycomplimentonhernewcar,sherespondedwithgreatpleasure

protestedbut

A.tonaught

B.tonothing

C.tonoavail

D.tovoid

27.Thiscountry'sdevelopmentofsciencewasgreatlyunderminedforlargenumbersofscientific

wereejectedfromtheirmotherlandsincethedictatorcameintopower.

A.galaxy

B.elite

C.personnel

D.swarm

28.Theuniversityanhonorarydoctor'sdegreeonthedistinguishedscholarwhowasgenerally

regardedasacredittohisowncountry.

A.donated

B.conferred

C.subscribed

D.granted

29.Thepeopleofthiscountryhaveentrenchedthemselvestoanyinvaderswhorefusetogive

uptheirevilintention.

A.wardoff

B.cutoff

C.workoff

D.layoff

30.Themobwasbythefieryspeechandthentheymarcheddownthemainstreet,andset

manyChinesestoresonfire.

A.wakened

B.aroused,

C.inspired

D.agitated

31.Thepoliticianisshrewdanddeep;hewashim.seldomonwhatheexpectedotherstodofor

A.transparent

B.explicit

C.prominent

D.conspicuous

32.Intheeyesofthelinguists,thereexistsnoamongthelanguagesintheworld.

A.status

B.scale

C.hierarchy

D.gauge

33.Theradioprogramwaspresentedajointventurewhichwasregisteredseveralmonthsago.

A.bycourtesyof

B.onaccountof

C.byvirtueof

D.intermsof

34.SomehistoriansareconvincedthatRomewasacorruptkingdomthatdeservedto

A.die

B.expire

C.perish

D.cease

35.Intheendtheycametotheconclusionthattheevidenceproducedbytheplaintiffwas

A.scarce

B.rare

C.scanty

D.deficient

36.Theconductoroftheorchestrawasnotsatisfiedwiththeballetforthestepsofthedancerwas

notwiththerhythmofthemusic.

A.coordinated

B.corresponded

C.synchronized

D.reconciled

37.Itisnaturalformetoonhismotivesforthevisitsforwehavenotbeenonspeakingterms

formanyyears.

A.reflect

B.suppose

C.speculate

D.meditate

38.Thepresidentplacedawreathonthemonumenttotheheroesandthenmadeaspeechtopay

tothegreatachievementsofthemartyrs.

A.compliment

B.gratitude

C.tribute.

D.commendation

39.Briberytheconfidencethatmustexistbetweenbuyerandseller.

A.aggravates

B.deteriorates

C.corrodes

D.degenerates

40.Byevacuatingtheinhabitantsinthedenselypopulatedareasofthecityandestablishingtemporaryshelters,thecity.itselfforapossiblenewquake.

A.bolted

B.braced

C.reinforced

D.strapped

SectionⅡUseofEnglish(20points)

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)for"eachnumberedblankandmarked

A,B,CorDontheanswersheet.

Thesalmonisoneofourmostvaluablefish.Itoffersusfood,sport,andprofit.Ever5,),ear

commercialfishing41aharvestofoverabillionpoundsofsalmonfromthesea.Hundredsof

thousandsofsalmonarecaughteachyearbyeager42fishers.

Inautumn,theriversoftheNorthwesternUnitedStatescome43withsalmon.Thesalmonhavelefttheoceanandare'44theiryearlyrunuprivertospawn.Yettoday,thereare

farfewersalmonthan45becausethesalmon46hassufferedfrommanyperilsofthe

modemage.

Waterpollutionhaskilledmanysalmonby47themofoxygen.Over-fishinghasfurtherdecreasedtheirnumbers.Damsareanother48becausetheylockmigrationpaths.Fish

ladders,49ofsteppedpools,havebeenbuiltsothatsalmoncanswim50overthedams.

Butyoungsalmonswimmingtotheoceanhave"trouble51theladders.Oftenthey52theirdeathsoverthedamorarekilledingianthydroelectricturbines.

53Americawillcontinuetohaveplentyofsalmon,conservationistshaveplannedseveral.laysto54thesalmonpopulation.Conservationofficialshave~hadsomesuccess55salmoninhatcheriesandstockingsalmonriverswiththem.Salmonarealsobeing56intonewareas.In1996,hundredsofthousandsofyoungCohosalmonwereplantedinstreamsoffLakeMichigan.Theadultswereexpectedtomigratetothelakeand57anundesirablefish.TheCohoes58sowellonthiskindoffishinLakeMichigan59CohoesarebeingplantedinotherGreatLakes.

Thankstotheforesightand60ofconservationists,thevaluablesalmonshouldbearound

Americanshores,rivers,andlakesforalongtimetocome

41.A.resultsinB.resultsfromC.resultsatD.resultedin

42.A.commerceB.sportsC.salmonD.kindness

43.A.aliveB.activeC.liveD.about-

44.A.atB.inC.onD.by

45.A.eversoB.eversinceC.everafterD.everbefore

46.A.productionB.populationC.familyD.growing

47.A.forbiddingB.exploitingC.robbingD.endangering

48.A.dangerB.obstacleC.problemD.element

49.A.madeupforB.madeUptoC.madeupD.madeupof

50.A.properlyB.safelyC.quicklyD.frequently

51.A.discoverB.toclimbC.findingD.measuring

52.A.falltoB.fallbackC.fallacrossD.fallaway

53.A.SothatB.SofarasC.SomuchasD.Solongas

54.A.explodeB.developC.increaseD.catch

55.A.supportingB.raisingC.keepingD.resulting

56.A.invadedB.introducedC.foundD.given

57.A.liveonB.feedinC.feeduponD.feedback

58.A.activateB.growC.thrivedD.developed

59.A.inwhichB.thatC.whereD.which

60.A.objectivesB.planningC.inventionD.arrangement

SectionⅢReadingComprehension(30points)

Direction:Inthispartofthetest,therearesixshortpassagesforyoutoread.Readeachpassage

carefully,andthendothequestionsthatfollow.ChoosethebestanswerA,B,C,orDandmarkthe

correspondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.

TEXTA

Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionaryeffectonthelivesofthepeoplewhooperatethenewmachinesandonthesocietyinto'whichthemachineshasbeenintroduced.Forexample,ithasbeensuggestedthattheemploymentofwomeninindustrytookthemoutofthehousehold,theirtraditionalsphere,andfundamentallyalteredtheirpositioninsociety.Inthenineteenthcentury,whenwomenbegantoenterfactories,JulesSimon,aFrenchpolitician,warnedthatbydoingso,womenwouldgiveuptheirfemininity.FriedrichEngels,however,predictedthatwomenwouldbeliberatedfromthe"social,legal,andeconomicsubordination"ofthefamilybytechnologicaldevelopmentsthatmadepossibletherecruitmentof"thewholefemalesexintopublicindustry."Observersthusdifferedconcerningthesocialdesirabilityofmechanization'seffects,buttheyagreedthatitwouldtransformwomen'slives.

Historians,particularlythoseinvestigatingthehistoryofwomen,nowseriouslyquestionthisassumptionoftransformingpower.Theyconcludethatsuchdramatictechnologicalinnovationsasthespinningjenny,thesewingmachine,thetypewriter,andthevacuumcleanerhavenotresultedinequallydramaticsocialchangesinwomen'seconomicpositionorintheprevailingevaluationofwomen'swork.TheemploymentofyoungwomenintextilemillsduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwaslargelyanextensionofanolderpatternofemploymentofyoung,singlewomenasdomestics.Itwasnotthechangeinofficetechnology,butrathertheseparationofsecretarialwork,previouslyseenasanapprenticeshipforbeginningmanagers,fromadministrativeworkthatinthe1880%createdanewclassof"deadened"jobs,thenceforthconsidered"women'swork."Theincreaseinthenumbersofmarriedwomenemployedoutsidethehomeinthetwentiethcenturyhadlesstodowithhe-mechaniZafi6nofhouseworkandanincreaseinleisuretimeforthesew0men-thanitdidwiththeirowneconomic

necessityandwithhighmarriageratesthatshranktheavailablepoolofsinglewomenworkers,previously,inmanycases,theonlywomenemployerswouldhire.

Women'sworkhaschangedconsiderablyinthepast200years,movingfromthehouseholdtotheofficeorthefactory,andlater5ecomingmostlywhite-collarinsteadofblue-coUarwork.Fundamentally,however,theconditionsunderwhichwomenworkhavechangedlittlesincebeforetheIndustrialRevolution:thesegregationofoccupationsbygender,lowerpayforwomenasagroup,jobsthatrequirerelativelylowlevelsofskillandofferwomenlittleopportunityforadvancementallpersist,whilewomen'shouseholdlabor~remainsdemanding.Recenthistoricalinvestigationhasledtoamajorrevisionofthenotionthattechnologyisalwaysinherentlyrevolutionaryinitseffectsonsociety.Mechanizationmayevenhaveslowedanychangeinthetraditionalpositionofwomenbothinthelabormarketandinthehome.

61.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Theeffectsofthemechanizationofwomen'sworkhavenotborneoutthefrequentlyheldassumptionthatnewtechnologyisinherentlyrevolutionary.

B.Recentstudieshaveshownthatmechanizationrevolutionizesasociety'straditionalvaluesandthecustomaryrolesofitsmembers~

C.Mechanizationhascausedthenatureofwomen'sworkchangesincetheIndustrialRevolution.

D.Themechanizationofworkcreateswholenewclassesofjobsthatdidnotpreviouslyexist.

62.Theauthor,mentionsallofthefollowinginventionsasexamplesofdramatictechnologicalinnovationsEXCEPTthe

A.sewingmachine

B.vacuumcleaner