2020年中考英语语法语法高频考点提升训练专题1名词

#专题01名词考点一、名词的分类及用法名词意义：表示人/事物或抽象概念的词。如：Shanghai,Lilei,desk专有名词普通名词国名地名人名团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词首字母大写表单个的人或者事物表一群人或一些事物的总称表无法分为个体的物质表抽象概念的词如：Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…health,friendship…考点二、可数名词（个体名词和集体名词的单复数形式A.不规则变化常见的有：man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice...单复数同型：ChineseJapanesepeoplesheepdeerfish（中日友好永不变）aChinese—twoChinese;aJapanese—fourJapanese（英法联盟a变e） anEnglish—eightEnglishmen;anFrenchman—nineFrenchmen（其他后面力口s） aGerman—fiveGermansB.规则变化情况构成例词一般的词+sday-daysdesk-desks以s,sh,ch,x结尾+esmatch-matchesboss-bosses*tomatoes,potatoes,heroes以辅音ky结尾改y为i+esbaby-babiesfly-flies以f/fe结尾改f为v+eswife-wivesleaf-leaves考点三、不可数名词及其用法

（1）不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an或具体数字连用,但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。（2）要表示定的数量时，常与己cupof,apieceof等量词连用，如acupoftea一杯茶；twobottlesofwater两瓶水（3）只能修饰不可数名词的词有：alittle（一点），little（几乎没有），much/agreatdealof/alargeamountof（许多）workhomeworkweatheradvicenewsprogressinformationhouseworkfunweightknowledgeEnglishfooddrinkorangericebreadmeatchickenporkbeef考点四、名词的所有格的构成及其用法。名词的所有格：在英语中，有生命的名词及表示时间距离国家城市的名词，常在词尾加's表示所属关系,叫做名词的所有格。翻译成:"的"。如:Tom'sbike（汤姆的单车）名词的所有格例词例句①直接在词尾加’sKate'sbag, Children'sDay,Women'sDay②以s结尾的名词所有格，在词尾加’Teachers'Day,students'books③表示两人共同拥有的人或物,在后一个人名后加'sLucyandLily'smother（共同的妈妈）④表示两人分别拥有的人或物,则两个人名后都要加'sTom'sandJim'srooms（各自的房间）⑤表某人的家店铺住宅公共建筑等地名时，所有格后面的名词常常省略：atthedoctor's（在医务室）;atTom's（在汤姆的家）⑥表示无生命名词的所有格,用of表达thedooroftheroom,thecoloroftheclothes⑦双重所有格:用‘s所有格/与of所有格相结合。Afriendofmyfather's,abookofmine注意:但是有些表示时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城市等无生命的名词,也可加's构成所有格今天的报纸today'snewspaper八天的假期an8-dayholidayeightdays'holiday五分钟的步行路程afive-minutewalkfiveminutes'walk高效特训,速提升於、单项填空Pleasekeepquiet.Ifyoumakealotof,youmaydisturbothers.A.voice B.noise C.sound D.singingHebought.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoeD.twopairofshoe3.—Whereisyourseat?—It'sbetweenseats,inRow6.A.JackandJohnB.Jack’sandJohn C.Jack’sandJohn’sD.JackandJohn’sHewasborninShanxi,butShandonghasbecomehissecond.A.home B.family C.house D.placeMum,I'mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme.A.twoorange B.twobottleoforangesC.twobottlesoforange D.twobottlesoforangesAlltheteachersandstudentsarehavingameetingthere.A.women;girlsB.women;girlC.woman;girls D.woman;girlCouldyoupleasetellmesomeaboutXi'anInternationalHorticulturalExpo也界园艺博览会)?A.informationB.advice C.opinions D.ideasTheydon'thavetodotoday.A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomework D.muchhomeworkslCouldyoupleasetakea(n)fortheheadteacher?—Sure,I'llbegladto.A.informationB.message C.news D.sentenceTheofmosttreeswillfallinautumn.A.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.leaveThelittlehastwoalready.A.baby;teethB.baby;tooth C.babies;tooth D.babies;teeth—Didyouhearanystrangewhentheearthquakehappened?—No,Iwasinmygardenenjoyingthebeautifulofmybirdsatthattime.

A.voice;noiseB.noise;soundC.voice;soundD.sound;voiceA.voice;noiseB.noise;soundC.voice;soundD.sound;voiceProfessorWanggaveusaveryusefulonhowtopreparefortheexam.A.adviceB.informationC.experience D.suggestionItisbettertotravel10,000milesthantoread10,000books,soit’simportanttohaverealwithlanguages,culturesandsocieties.A.communicationB.experienceC.knowledge D.influence—Oh,no!Wehavemissedthetrain.Whatshouldwedo?—I'mafraidwehavenobuttowaitforanotherone.A.decision B.informationC.reason D.choice二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空.Theysuccessfullysavedtwo(child)lives..Youshouldknowthe(different)betweenthetwobooks..Wesawsome(mouse)inthedirtyoldhouse..Everyyear,(百万)ofpeopledonatemoneytotheHopeProject..Howexcellentyour(pronounce)is!Youmusthaveagoodteacher..Thereareseveral(library)inthecity..Therearesix(Frenchman)talkingloudlyintheroom..(teacher)DayisonSeptember10th..Wehopethatmore(China)willwinhonourforourcountry..Moreactionmustbetakentostop(pollute).三、词语运用阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。neighborpeopletrainingskillfishchancedifficultylearnermoneything“Thanksforprovidinguswithsuchagoodtrainingprogram.The1programwillhelpuslivewell.IwillstudyhardandlearndifferentskillssothatIcansolvemyfamily 2anddogoodtoothers.”alearneronthejobtrainingprogramsaid,feelingexcited.The3fatherisdisabled,andhismotherisillinbed.Thefamilyisverypoor.Sohehastofindajobtomake4 .Thelearnergraduatedfromhighschoolanddidn'thavethechancetogotothecollege.Thejobtrainingprogramcanhelphimtolearnthe5thathe’llneedintheworkplace.Thestorymakesmethinkofanotherstory.Itgoeslikethis:Longlongago,therewasaman,hewasabletocatchalotof6everyday.Healwayssharedhisfishwithhis7becausetheydidn’tknowhowtofish.Oneday,hecalledthemtogethertoshowthemhowtofish.Everyonewashappyastheycouldeatthefishtheycaughtbythemselves.Now,therearestillmanypoor 8 intheworld.Butit'snotgoodifwegiveonlyfoodtothem.Instead,weshouldgivethema9tolearnnewskills.Therefore,technicaltrainingisveryimportanttopeopleinneedandtheywilllearntheskillstomakemoney.Peoplecanlearnlotsofuseful10inthetrainingprogramandwhattheylearncanhelpthemfindjobs.四、完形填空TomwokeuponMondaymorning.Hefeltsick.HealwaysfeltsickonMonday1 .Hehadtogotoschoolforawholeweek!Healmostwishedtherewereno2 .Itwasevenmoredifficultforhimtogobacktoschool!Helayinbedandwonderedwhat3hecouldmakethistime.Helookedathisbody,butcouldfindnothingwrong.Alittleheadache?No.Hehadusedthatexcusemany4 .Thenherealizedthatoneofhis5wasloose（松动）.Good!Hewasjustgoingtostartgroaning（呻吟）whenhethoughtthatAuntPollywouldpullthetoothout.Thatwouldhurt!Helookedforsomethingelse.Suddenlyherememberedwhatthedoctorhadsaidaboutacertainproblemwith6 .Hepulledhisright7outandlookedatit.Oneofthetoeswasreallyhurting,Tombegantogroan.“What’swrongwithyou?”AuntPollyasked.“Mytoehurts.”Theoldladyfellintoa8 ,smellingalittle.“Tom,youfrightenedme.Nowshutupatonceandgetoutofbed.”Tomfeltlikea9beingcaught.“Well,itseemedallright.IthurtsomuchthatIforgotmytooth.”“Tooth,eh?What’swrongwithyourtooth?”“Oneofthemislooseandithurtsbadly.”“No10 ,”answeredAuntPolly.“Icanpullitout.”“Please,Auntie!Don’tpullitout.Ithasstoppedhurtingnow.Please!”“Noway!Well,yo