Crystall老师详细讲解新概念三册第1课课堂笔记

Crystall老师详细讲解新概念三册第1课课堂笔记口一、生词讲解1、puman.美洲狮口2、spotv.看出，发现认出口=see,pickout,recognize,catchsightof强调结果,辨别出,看见,识别,发现-Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.-Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.同意词：一find：强调发现的结果/findout：查出事实真相口-discover：做出重大发现/notice：注意到口-observe：观察/watch：观察活动中的人或画面口Spotn.斑点口-Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.词组：onthespot有两个含义：口1>立刻，马上(atonce,immediately)口-Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.>attheplaceoftheaction在现场--Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.3、Evidencen.证据(不可数名词)口Evidentadj.明显的，显然的/evidentlyadv.明显地，显然口Evidence=proof（n.证据）口--Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.inevidence显而易见的--Hewasinevidenceattheparty.□4、Accumulatev.积累，积聚（强调积累的过程）口-Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.近义词：Gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处口-TheteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclassCollectvt.搜集，采集口-Doyoucollectstamps?Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.（n.业余爱好）口Assemblev.集合，集会/装配口-Alargenumberofpeopleassembleonthesquare.Hoardvt.大量的储存（--hoardup=storeup储藏）口-Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter（squirreln.松鼠）（nutn.坚果）口amassvt.积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）口-Thecloudsamassedabovethehills、Obligev.使…感到必须一般用于被动语态中口feelobligedtodosth感觉有必要做某事-Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand（n.要求，需要）口beobligedtodosth被迫做某事-Theywereobligedtoselltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.（debtn.债务）口、huntv.n.追猎，寻找（huntfor）口huntforajobjob-hunt找工作-TheexpertsfromLondonzoobegantohunt（v.）forapuma.-Thehunt（n.）forthepumaprovedthedifficult.（provevt.证明，证实）口近义词search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物-Thepoliceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.runafter强调追赶,追求-look,adogisrunningafteracat-whatareyourunafterinyourlifeseek=pursuev.追寻（理想）口chasev.追赶(--Theyarechasingathief/Theyarerunningafterathief)、blackberryn.黑莓/berryn.浆果口、humanbeing人类、cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境作为动词，经常使用被动语态-Thethiefwascorneredatlast-Theproblemcorneredme.cornern.角落口-atthecornerofthestreet--inthecorneroftheroom--onthecornerofthedesk10、Trailn.一串，一系列口trailvt.跟踪,追踪(=follow)-Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding(criminaln.罪犯)口11、Printn.印痕口12、Clingv/占(clung,clung,clinging)cling指"紧抱"、"坚守",如：clingtoone'sownview.坚持己见。Weshouldclingtoourprinciples.我们应该坚持自己的原则。Cling还能表示某种习惯一直保持着-Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.她非常依赖她的妈妈，或者她总是粘着妈妈不放。--Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.他怀有成功的希望stickv/占住(--sticktheenvelop)n.信封口stickto坚持(--sticktotheplan/sticktoone'spromise)n.许诺口stickyadj.粘的(--stickyfingers)口13、convincev.使…信服口1>convincesbofsth--Iconvincehimofmyhonesty.(n.诚实,正直)我使他相信我的诚实。2>beconvincedthat…--Iamconvincedthatsheishonestgirl.(adj.诚实的，正直的)口14、somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因口=bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown-I'llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何我要把这本书取回来。-Igotlostsomehow不知怎么搞地,我迷失了。Somewhatadv.稍微，有点，有些(=alittle)口-ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpect.(highadj.高的)15、disturbv.令人不安口disturbingadj.令人不安的/disturbedadj.感到不安的口surprisingadj.令人惊讶的/surprisedadj.感到惊讶的口excitingadj.令人激动的/excitedadj.感到激动的口□16、wildadj.野性的，野生的口17、investigatev.调查，研究口及物动词vt.调查,研究Thedetectivewassenttoinvestigatethecrime.那位侦探被派去调查该罪行。不及物动词vi.调查，研究卜+into)］口Theprincipalpromisedtoinvestigateintothataffair.校长答应去调查那件事情。词汇辨析examine，inspect，investigate，scan这些动词都有"调查、检查"之意。examine最普通用词，可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或调查以确定事物的性质、功能、特点等。inspect侧重按一定质量标准检查某物，找出不足或不同之处。investigate指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而实行深入细致的现场考察。scan原义是仔细地检查分析，现用于指细看或浏览。18、descriptionn.描写，描述口名词n..描写;叙述;形容［U］［C］口Hegaveadescriptionofwhathehadseen.他对看到的情况作了描述。.（物品）说明书［C］口.种类;性质［C］口Inthezoothereareanimalsofeverydescription.那个动物园里有各种各样的动物。.（图形的）描绘［C］口19、extraordinarilyadv.特别地，非常地，格外口例句：Anextraordinarilylargeorderbuckedupallthestaff.一份特大订单使全体员工欢欣鼓舞。词性转换：［形容词］extraordinary20、similaradj.相似的，类似的口adj.相似的n.类似物词汇辨析alike,like,similar,comparable,parallel,uniform，identical这些形容词均有"相似的,类似的"之意。alike指事物在性质、特征或外貌上固有的而不是偶然的相似。普通用词,只作表语。like普通用词,含义广泛,指多个或全部特性都相似,但并非同一个,也可指在某个特殊的偶然相似。similar强调不同的人或事物之间完全或部分相似,暗示可暂不考虑或无视其差异之处。comparable指在某一点或几点上有相似之处,可作有限或粗略的对比,尤指在价值或水平等方面可相提并论。parallel主要指在外表或在性质上相似到有能够相提并论的水准。uniform指在性质、数量、形态或水准等方面相似到很难看出差异的地步。identical语气,可指同一个人或物,也可指数个人或物之间完全没有差别二、词组和课文讲解1、atlarge逃遁的,没有被控制的--Thethiefisstillatlargeatlarge详细地(=indetail)n.细节，详情--Ineedtalktoyouatlargeatlarge总体来讲(=asawhole)--ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.(hungryadj.饥饿的，渴望的)口、Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/lifelike栩栩如生的造句：--Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.（pandan.熊猫）口、takesthseriously=dealwithsthseriously认真地对待某事-Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.takesthlightly草率地对待某事（lightlyadv.轻率地）口-Don'ttakethehotpotatolightly（hotpotato^棘手的问题）、leavebehind：把某物留在后面口Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.-Whereverhewent,thewoundleftbehindhimatrailofblood.（n.血）口、clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补口Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.英文表达方式习惯用被动语态,突出客观事实。而中文则善于使用动作的执行者。pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.（被动）aWefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.（主动）口-clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补口、complainof/aboutsth抱怨某事Severalpeoplecomplainedof"cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupaplainof/aboutsth抱怨某事on+名词：强调动作正在实行口-ontherise在上升/ontheincrease在增加-onthewatch在观看/onthematch在比赛中-onthefishingtrip在钓鱼的途中/onholiday在度假7、Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.sthbeinthepossessionofsb=sthbeinsb'spossession某物归某人所有（主语是物）-Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.=Thebeautifulcarisinthepossessionofme.Sbbeinpossessionofsth某人拥有某物（主语是人）-Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.（inpossessionof…做表语）口--Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.（inpossessionof…做定语）口takepossessionof…拥有…口8、Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?Fully（adv.充分地，完全地）二completely=entirely口9、Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Wenton=lasted（lastvi.继续，持续）口Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat...一想到…就心理不安-ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfailmyexaminationinthequietcountryside在宁静的山村三、语法讲解定语从句在新二的时候，我们就已经学习过定语了，什么能够当定语？定语修饰什么？长的短的定语分别放在哪里。今天我们来继续更深入的学习。定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词叫做定语从句。定语从句引导词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词相关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where,when,why等。口下面就以本课为例，来看看定语从句的各种形式。1>定语从句仅仅对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰-定语从句的引导词：-指人：主语who；宾语who,whom；定语whose口-指物：that（也能够指人）/which口theywerenottakenseriously（they指代reports）口-时间状语：when/地点状语：where/原因状语：why口WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容-同位语从句的引导词：一名词（做主语、宾语等）：关系词用that而不是which-时间：when；地点：where口一定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what能够引导同位语从句-Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.-Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim。3＞过去分词做定语：-thedescriptionsgivenbypeople-thestorytoldbythesailor（n.海员，水手，船员）口-abookwrittenbyLuxunclaimtohavedonesth声称以前做过某事-Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Whereawomanpicking…定语从句口-IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.附试题：StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whoseI'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.whichThegirlarrangedtohavepianoles