大学英语六级阅读理解练习与答案

Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,therearefeweroccasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecauseeverythingseemstobethesame.Andalthoughconditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandundisputed.

Withinasociety,socialchangesisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyandmorereadilyinthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues;inwhathasbeenlearnedlaterinliferatherthanwhatwaslearnedearly;inthelessbasicandlessemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites;inthesimpleelementsratherthaninthecomplexones;informratherthaninsubstance;andinelementsthatareacceptabletothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements.

Furthermore,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomesmorereadilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdifference.ThisisonereasonwhychangehasnotcomemorequicklytoBlackAmericansascomparedtootherAmericanminorities,becauseofthesharpdifferenceinappearancebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounterparts.

21.

Thepassageismainlydiscussing.

A.thenecessityofsocialchange

B.certainfactorsthatdeterminetheeasewithwhichsocialchangesoccur

C.twodifferentsocieties

22.

D.certainfactorsthatpromotesocialchange

Oneofthefactorsthattendtopromotesocialchangeis.

A.jointinterestB.differentpointsofview

C.lessemotionalpeopleD.advancedtechnology

23.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Socialchangetendstomeetwithmoredifficultyinbasicandemotionalaspectsofsociety.

B.Disagreementwithandargumentaboutconditionstendtoslowdownsocialchange.

C.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinthematerialaspectofsociety.

D.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinwhatpeoplelearnedwhentheywereyoung.

24.Theexpression"greatertolerance"(Para.1)refersto_______.

A.greaterwillingnesstoacceptsocialchange

B.quickeradaptationtochangingcircumstances

C.morerespectfordifferentbeliefsandbehavior

D.greaterreadinesstoagreetodifferentopinionsandideas

25.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanywaysbecause_______.v

A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthattheyseldomthinkitnecessarytochange

B.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuchdifficulty

C.peoplethereareeasytoplease

D.peopletherearelessdisputed

21.B22.B23.B24.C25.A

AnneWhitney,asophomore(大学二年级学生)atColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege."Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn'tthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher."Anotherstudentinbiologyhadsimilarexperiences.Hesaid,"Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest,Isatdowntotakeit,andIwassonervousthatIwasshaking.Myhandsweremovingupanddownsoquicklythatitwashardtoholdmypencil.IknewthematerialandIknewtheanswers.YetIcouldn'tevenwritethemdown!"

Thesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandisuneasyaboutatest,hisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcannotwriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheextremetensionandnervousness.Althoughpoorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits,sometimestestanxietycausesthelowgrades.Recently,testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedasarealproblem,notjustanexcuseorafalseexplanationoflazystudents.

Specialuniversityadvisingcoursestrytohelpstudents.Inthesecourses,advisorstrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemhowtomanagetestanxiety.Atsomeuniversities,studentstaketeststomeasuretheiranxiety.Ifthetestsshow(heiranxietyishigh,thestudentscantakeshortcoursestohelpthemdealwith(heirtensions.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Studentsaretrainedtobecomecalminverytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousness,theycanlettheirmindsworkatease.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyonatest.

Anexpert•attheUniversityofCaliforniaexplains,"Withalmostallstudents,relaxationandlessstressarefeltaftertakingourprogram.Mostofthemexperiencebettercontrolduringtheirtests.Almostallhavesomeimprovement.Withsome,theimprovementisverygreat."

26.To"blankout"isprobably______.

A.tobelikeablanketB.tobesureofananswer

C.tobeunabletothinkclearlyD.toshowknowledgetotheteacher

27.Poorgradesareusuallytheresultof______.

A.poorsleepinghabitB.laziness

C.lackofsleepD.inabilitytoformgoodstudyhabits

28.Testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedas______.

A.anexcuseforlazinessB.theresultofpoorstudyhabits

C.arealproblemD.somethingthatcannotbechanged

29.Todealwiththis