2023英语专业四级真题

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2023)

-GRADEFOURPARTIDICTATION [15MIN]PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION [20MIN]InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.ListencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollowMarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononAnswerSheetTwo.SECTIONACONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.-1-1.WhyisthetriptoMarsaone-waytrip?2.Accordingtotheman,whatismoreimportantforthoserecruits? 3.Whatisthelastpartoftheconversationabout?Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.4.Whatisshowrooming?shoppingwas .7.Onereasonforpeopletoshowroomisthatthey .8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?SECTIONBPASSAGESInthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.ListentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollowQuestions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.11.WhichofthefollowingcitieshastheoldestChinatowninNorthAmerica?12.TheChinatowninSanFranciscoattracts touristsayear.13.Wherecantouristsseethefishmarkets?Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?Obesitycandamageone'shealth.Obesityisagrowingproblemallovertheworld.Obesityhasaffectedbothboysandgirls.Obesityisdirectlyrelatedtoone'shabit.learnmoreaboutthelinkbetweensleepandweightfindoutwhysomechildrenfinditdifficulttogotosleepidentifythewaysparentsreducetheirkids'weightseeifthereisdifferenceinsleeppatternsovertheperiod16.Accordingtothestudy,thedailyhealthysleeptimeforthe3rdto6thgradersshouldbearound hours.-4-17.Accordingtothepassage,obesityismostlikelyrelatedto .racegendersleeptimeparentsQuestions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.18.Accordingtoanumberofstudies, isthemainfactorforearly-agesmoking.19.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?20.AllthefollowingarefeaturesofsmokersEXCEPT .SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothemcarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions21and22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.-5-21.Whyweresomechildrenofferedonlyfruitandmilkforlunch?22.Howdidparentsreacttotheschool'swayofhandlingthesituation?Questions23and24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.23.Accordingtothenews,whatisthemainadvantageofthedigitalkey?24.Thehotelcompanyintendstohavethesystemin ofitshotelsinthenextthree00150Questions25and26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.25.Accordingtothecourtruling,ShrienDewani .26.WhatwasDewaniaccusedof?Question27isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.27.TheU.N.newvotewouldallowallthefollowingEXCEPT .Question28isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.28.Whatisthenewsmainlyabout?Questions29and30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.29.Thetotalinvestmentinfilm-makinginBritainin2023was .PARTIIICLOZE [15MIN]Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.MarkthebestchoiceforeachblankonAnswerSheetTwo.Electricityissuchapartofoureverydaylivesandsomuchtaken31.A.that31.A.that32.A.car33.A.appearance34.A.money-savingtime-saving 35.A.Only36.A.fast37.A.moving38.A.troublerememberpeopleand(32) tomovefreely.Neonlightingusedinadvertisinghasbecomepartofthe(33) ofeverymoderncity.Inthehome,many(34) devicesarepoweredbyelectricity. whenweturnoffthebedsidelampandare asleep,electricityisworkingforus,(37) ourrefrigerators,heatingourwater,orkeepingourroomsair-conditioned.Everyday,trains,busesandsubwaystakeustoandfromwork.Werarely(38) toconsiderwhyorhowtheyrun-8-39.A.when39.A.when40.A.did41.A.pause42.A.incompetent43.A.althoughevenif44.A.trapped45.A.steps46.A.time47.A.like48.A.forInthesummerof1959,something(40) gowrongwiththepower-plantthatprovidedNewYorkwithelectricity.Foragreatmanyhours,lifecamealmosttoa(41) .Trainsrefusedtomoveandthepeopleinthemsatinthedark,(42) todoanything;liftsstoppedworking,sothat(43) youwereluckyenoughnottobe(44) betweentwofloors,youhadtheunpleasanttaskoffindingyourwaydown(45) ofstairs.FamousstreetslikeBroadwayandFifthAvenueina(n)(46) becameasgloomyanduninviting(47) themostremotebackstreets.Peoplewereafraidtoleavetheirhouses,(48) althoughthepolicehadbeenorderedto(50) asanybodyelse.50.A.aimlessPARTIVGRAMMAR&VOCABULARY [15MIN]Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwords,phrasesorstatementsmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseoneword,phraseorstatementthatbestcompletesthesentence.51.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatbook,don'tforgettoputitbackontheshelf, .A.willyou B.doyou C.don'tyou D.won'tyouA.noso B.nomore C.notless D.noless53.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?Fivemilesseemlikealongwalktome.Onlyoneoutofsixwerepresentatthemeeting.54.Whichoftheitalicizedpartsexpressesafuturetense?A.but B.nor C.like D.as56.Thereisnodoubt thecommitteehasmadetherightdecisiononthehousingproject.A.why B.that C.whether D.when57.AllthePresident'sMen oneoftheimportantbooksforscholarswhostudytheA.remain B.remained C.remains D.isremaining58.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyourlawyer,he abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.59.Whichofthefollowingisastativeverb(静态动词)?60.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsindicatesasubject-verbrelation?61.Thefollowingareallcorrectresponsesto"Whotoldthenewstotheteacher?"EXCEPT_.65.There nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.A.calledon B.calledup C.calledfor D.calledout67.Bottlesfromthisregionsell atabout$50acase.A.wholesale B.totally C.entirely D.together-12-Theproductcontainsno colours,flavours,orpreservatives.A.fake B.false C.artificial D.wrongDavisacceptedthedefeatinthesemi-finalwithgoodgrace.TheunderlinedpartisclosestinA.cheerfully B.wholeheartedlyC.politely D.quietly_____andbusinessleadersweredelightedatthedecisiontoholdthenationalmotorfair

inthecity.A.Civil B.Civilized C.Civilian D.CivicThecitycouncilisplanningahugeroad-buildingprogrammetoeasecongestion.Theunderlinedpartmeans A.calm B.relieve C.comfort D.stillHisunfortunateappearancewasoffsetbyanattractivepersonality.TheunderlinedpartmeansallthefollowingEXCEPT .A.improved B.madeupforC.balanced D.compensatedforThedoctorsaidthatthegashinhischeekrequiredtenstitches.Theunderlinedpartmeans_.A.lump B.depression C.swelling D.cutDuringtheeconomiccrisis,theyhadtocutbackproductionand workers.A.layinto B.layoff C.laydown D.layasideTheuniversityconsistentlyreceivesahigh forthequalityofitsteachingand

research.A.standard B.evaluation C.comment D.ratingTomarkitsonehundredthanniversary,theuniversityheldaseriesofactivitiesincludingconferences,filmshows,etc.Theunderlinedpartmeans .A.celebrate B.signify C.symbolize D.suggestHisfertilemindkeepsturningoutnewideas.Theunderlinedpartmeans .A.abundant B.unbelievable C.productive D.generativeThelocalnewspaperhasa of100,000copiesaday.A.spread B.circulation C.motion D.flowTheseissueswerediscussedatlengthduringthemeeting.Theunderlinedpartmeans____.A.eventually B.subsequently C.lastly D.fullyAcoupleofyoungpeopleweregivingoutleafletsinfrontofthedepartmentstore.Theunderlinedpartmeans .A.distributing B.handling C.dividing D.arranging-14-PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION [25MIN]Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.TEXTAInundatedbymoreinformationthanwecanpossiblyholdinourheads,we'reincreasinglyhandingoffthejobofrememberingtosearchenginesandsmartphones.Googleisevenreportedlyworkingoneyeglassesthatcouldonedayrecognizefacesandsupplydetailsaboutwhoeveryou'relookingat.Butnewresearchshowsthatoutsourcingourmemory—andexpectingthatinformationwillbecontinuallyandinstantaneouslyavailable—ischangingourcognitivehabits.ResearchconductedbyBetsySparrow,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatColumbiaUniversity,hasidentifiedthreenewrealitiesabouthowweprocessinformationintheInternetage.First,herexperimentsshowedthatwhenwedon'tknowtheanswertoaquestion,wenowthinkaboutwherewecanfindthenearestWebconnectioninsteadofthesubjectofthequestionitself.Asecondrevelationisthatwhenweexpecttobeabletofindinformationagainlateron,wedon'trememberitaswellaswhenwethinkitmightbecomeunavailable.Andthenthereistheresearchers'finalobservation:theexpectationthatwe'llbeabletolocateinformationdownthelineleadsustoformamemorynotofthefactitselfbutofwherewe'llbeabletofindit.Butthishandoffcomeswithadownside.Skillslikecriticalthinkingandanalysismustdevelopinthecontextoffacts:weneedsomethingtothinkandreasonabout,afterall.Andthesefactscan'tbeGoogledaswego;theyneedtobestoredintheoriginalharddrive,ourlong-termmemory.Especiallyinthecaseofchildren,"factualknowledgemustprecedeskill,"saysDanielWillingham,aprofessorofpsychology,attheUniversityofVirginia—meaningthatthedaysofdrillingthemultiplicationtableandmemorizingthenamesofthePresidentsaren'toverquiteyet.Adults,too,needtorecruitasupplyofstoredknowledgeinordertosituateandevaluatenewinformationtheyencounter.Youcan'tGooglecontext.Last,there'sthepossibility,increasinglyterrifyingtocontemplate,thatourmachineswillfailus.AsSparrowputsit,"TheexperienceoflosingourInternetconnectionbecomesmoreandmorelikelosingafriend."Ifyou'regoingtokeepyourmemoryonyoursmartphone,bettermakesureit'sfullycharged.81.Google'seyeglassesaresupposedto 82.Accordingtothepassage,"cognitivehabits"refersto 83.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSparrow'sresearchisCORRECT?Werememberpeopleandthingsasmuchasbefore.WeremembermoreInternetconnectionsthanbefore.Wepayequalattentiontolocationandcontentofinformation.Wetendtorememberlocationratherthanthecoreoffacts.84.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"context"?Itreferstoastoreofknowledge.Itreferstothesearchengine.85.Whatistheimpliedmessageoftheauthor?Peoplekeepmemoryonsmartphones.TEXTBIwasasecond-yearmedicalstudentattheuniversity,andwasonmyseconddayofroundsatanearbyhospital.Myuniversity'sphilosophywastogetstudentsseeingpatientsearlyintheireducation.Niceidea,butitoverlookedonedetail:second-yearstudentsknownexttonothingaboutmedicine.Assignedtomyteamthatdaywasanattending—aseniorfacultymemberwhowastheremostlytomakepatientsfeeltheyweren'tinthehandsofamateurs.Manyattendingswereresearcherswhodidn'thavemuchrecenthospitalexperience.Minewasactuallyanarthritisspecialist.Alsoalongwasaresident(therealboss,withastaggeringmasteryofmedicine,at-16-leasttoarookielikemyself).Inaddition,thereweretwointerns(住院实现医生).TheseguyswerejustasgreenasIwas,butinascarierway:theyhadrecentlygraduatedfromthemedicalschool,sotheyweretechnicallyMDs.Ibeganthedayat6:30am.AninternandIdidaquickcheckofoureightpatients;later,weweretopresentourfindingstotheresidentandthentotheattending.Ihadthreepatientsandtheinternhadtheotherfive—pieceofcake.ButwhenIarrivedintheroomof71-year-oldMr.Adams,hewassittingupinbed,sweatingheavilyandpanting(喘着).He'djusthadahipoperationandlookedterrible.Ilistenedtohislungswithmystethoscope,buttheysoundedclear.NextIcheckedthelogofhisvitalsignsandsawthathisrespirationandheartratehadbeenclimbing,buthistemperaturewassteady.Itdidn'tseemlikeheartfailure,nordiditappeartobepneumonia.SoIaskedMr.Adamswhathethoughtwasgoingon."It'sreallyhotinhere,Doc,"hereplied.SoIattributedhisconditiontothestuffyroomandtoldhimtherestoftheteamwouldreturninafewhours.Hesmiledandfeeblywavedgoodbye.At8:40am.,duringourteammeeting,"CodeBlueRoom307!"blaredfromtheloudspeaker.ThatwasMr.Adams'sroom.Whenwearrived,hewasmotionless.Theautopsy(尸体解剖)laterfoundMr.Adamshadsufferedamassivepulmonaryembolism(肺部栓塞).Abloodclothadformedinhisleg,workeditswaytohislungs,andcuthisbreathingcapacityinhalf.Hissymptomshadbeentextbook:heavyperspirationandshortnessofbreathdespiteclearlungs.Theonlythingwas:Ihadn'treadthatchapterinthetextbookyet.AndIwastooscared,insecure,andproudtoaskarealdoctorforhelp.Thismistakehashauntedmefornearly30years,butwhat'sparticularlyfrustratingisthatthesamemedicaleducationsystempersists.WhoknowshowmanypeoplehavediedorsufferedharmatthehandsofstudentsasnaïveasI,andhowmanymorewill?86.Whywastheauthordoingroundsinahospital?87.Welearnthattheauthor'steammembershad 88.WhiletheauthorwasexaminingMr.Adams,allthefollowingsymptomscaughthisattentionEXCEPT .89."Hissymptomshadbeentextbook"meansthathissymptomswere .90.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorexpresses aboutthemedicaleducationsystem.TEXTCThewaronsmoking,nowfivedecadesoldandcounting,isoneofthenation'sgreatestpublichealthsuccessstories—butnotforeveryone.Asawhole,thecountryhasmadeamazingprogress.In1964,fourintenadultsintheUSsmoked;todayfewerthantwointendo.Butsomestates—Kentucky,SouthDakotaandAlabama,tonamejustafew—seemtohavemissedthemessagethatsmokingisdeadly.TheirfailureisthegreatestdisappointmentinanefforttosavelivesthatwasstartedonJan.11,1964,bythefirstSurgeonGeneral'sReportonSmokingandHealth.Itsfindingthatsmokingisacauseoflungcancerandotherdiseaseswasmajornewsthen.Thehazardsofsmokingwerejuststartingtoemerge.Thereportledtocigarettewarninglabels,abanonTVadsandeventuallyananti-smokingmovementthatshiftedthenation'sattitudeonsmoking.Then,smokerswerecool.Today,manyareoutcasts,rejectedbyrestaurants,bars,publicbuildingsandeventheirownworkplaces.Millionsofliveshavebeensaved.Theformulaforsuccessisnolongerguesswork:Adopttoughwarninglabels,airpublicserviceads,fundsmokingcessationprogramsandimposesmoke-freelaws.Butthesurestwaytopreventsmoking,particularlyamongprice-sensitiveteens,istoraisetaxes.Ifyoucanstopthemfromsmoking,you'vewonthewar.Fewpeoplestartsmokingafterturning19.Thereal-lifeevidenceoftaxingpowerispowerful.The10stateswiththelowestadultsmokingratesslapanaveragetaxof$2.42oneverypack—threetimestheaveragetaxinthestateswiththehighestsmokingrates.NewYorkhasthehighestcigarettetaxinthecountry,at$4.35perpack,andjust12percentofteenssmoke—farbelowthenationalaverageof18percent.ComparethatwithKentucky,wheretaxesarelow(60cents),smokingrestrictionsareweakandtheteensmokingrateisdoubleNewYork's.Otherlow-taxstateshavesimilarlydismalrecords.Enemiesofhightobaccotaxesclingtothetiredargumentthattheyfalldisproportionatelyonthepoor.True,butsodothedeadlyeffectsofsmoking—farworsethanatax.Theeffectofthetaxesisamplifiedfurtherwhentherevenueisusedtofundinitiativesthathelpsmokersquitorpersuadeteensnottostart.Anti-smokingforceshaveplentytocelebratethisweek,havinghelpedavoid8millionprematuredeathsinthepast50years.Butaslongas3,000adolescentsandteenstaketheirfirstpuffeachday,thewarisnotwon.91.Whatdoes"counting"meaninthecontext?92.Accordingtothecontext,"Theirfailure"refersto .thoseadultswhocontinuetosmokethosestatesthatmissedthemessage93.ThefollowingarealleffortsthatledtothechangeofattitudeonsmokingEXCEPT .94.Accordingtotheauthor,raisingtaxoncigarettes .95.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Theeffectsofthereportonsmokingandhealth.Theeffortstocutdownonteenagesmoking.-19-TEXTDAttachmentParentingisnotIndulgentParenting.Attachmentparentsdonot"spoil"theirchildren.Spoilingisdonewhenachildisgiveneverythingthattheywantregardlessofwhattheyneedandregardlessofwhatispractical.Indulgentparentsgivetoysfortantrums(发脾气),icecreamforbreakfast.Attachmentparentsdon'tgivetheirchildreneverythingthattheywant,theygivetheirchildreneverythingthattheyneed.Attachmentparentsbelievethatloveandcomfortarefreeandnecessary.Notsweetsortoys.AttachmentParentingisnot"afraidoftears"parenting.Ourkidscry.Thedifferenceisthatweunderstandthattantrumsandtearscomefromemotionsandnotmanipulation.Andourchildrenunderstandthistoo.Theycryandhavetantrumssometimes,ofcourse.Buttheydothisbecausetheiremotionsaresooverwhelmingthattheyneedtogetitout.Theydonotexpecttobe"rewarded"fortheirstrongnegativeemotions;theysimplyexpectthatwewilllisten.Wepickupourbabieswhentheycry,andwerespondtothetearsofourolderchildrenbecausewebelievefirmlythatcomfortisfree,loveisfree,andthatwhenachildhasneedforcomfortandlove,itisourjobtoprovidethosethings.Wearenotafraidoftears.Wedon'tavoidthem.Weholdourchildrenthroughthemandteachthemthatwhentheyarehurtorfrustratedweareheretocomfortthemandhelpthemworkthroughtheiremotions.AttachmentParentingisnotClingyParenting.Idonotclingtomychildren.Infact,I'mprettyfree-range.Assoonastheycanmovetheyusuallymoveawayfrommeandletmesetupachaseastheycrawl,run,skipandhopontheirmerrywaytoexploretheworld.Sure,Icarrythemandhugthemandchasethemandkissthemandrockthemandsleepwiththem.Butthisisnotmefollowingthemeverywhereandpullingthembacktome.Thisismebeingahomebase.The"attachment"comesfromtheirbeingallowedtoattachtous,notfromusattachingtothemlikeparentalleeches.AttachmentParentingisnotSelfishParenting.Itisalsonotselflessparenting.Wearenotdoingitforus,andwearenotdoingittotormentourselves.AttachmentparentingisnotHelicopterParenting.Idon'thover.Isupervise.Ifollow,Iteach,Idemonstrate,I