高中英语刷题首秧基础练能力练Unit1WomenofachievementSectionⅢGrammar含解析新人教必修4

SectionⅢGrammar[基础题]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fastfood________(be)fulloffatandsalt.答案：is2．I,who________(be)yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyouwithyourstudy.答案：am3．Morningpapers________(deliver)toeveryhouseholdinthecommunitybytheboyeverymorning.答案：aredelivered4．Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingReadingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.(be)答案：is;was5．Thenumberofpeopleinvited________fifty,butanumberofthem________absentfordifferentreasons.(be)答案：was;were6．Fewofhisfamily________(be)insupportofhim.答案：were7．Ourclothing________(protect)usfromthecold.答案：protects8．AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes________(be)allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.答案：is19．LastweekJohnwithhisclassmates________(be)busyinpreparingfortheexam.答案：was10．Inmyopinion,therich________(be)notalwayshappierthanthepoor,formoneydoesn'tmeaneverything.答案：areⅡ单句改错1．Maryaswellasherassistantareverykindtome.________________________________________________________________________答案：are→is2．Theclassishavingaheateddiscussion.________________________________________________________________________答案：is→are3．Heistheonlyoneoftheyoungestboyswhoplayintheband.________________________________________________________________________答案：play→plays4．Threemonthshavepassedsinceyouleft.________________________________________________________________________答案：have→has5．NotBillbutIisgoingtoleavethepositioninthecompany.________________________________________________________________________答案：is→am[能力题]2Ⅰ阅读理解ASeveraldaysago,IwaswalkinghomefromschoolandsawsomewritingonafenceofahouseIwaspassingbyP.Itsaid,“Happinessisadirection,notadestinationW1.”IhadbeenhavingabaddayandjustreadingthisbrightenedW2mydayalittle.Ialsotookoutapenandwroteoneofmyfavoritequotes(格言)down.WhenIcamebacktothefence,Isawanotherquoteundermineinthesamehandwritingasthefirstone.Iaddedanother,andwekeptatthispatternforquiteawhile.Oneday,Iwaswritinganotherquoteonthefenceandtheoldman,oneofmyneighbors,whoownedthefence,sawme.HecameoutandIwasafraidhewouldbemadatmeforwritingonhisfence;hewasnotknowntobeveryfriendly.HegavemeasharpW3glanceandthenreadthequotesonthefence.Withoutsayingaword,hesaidsomethingtohimselfandthenwentbackinside.Iwasabitterrifiedforawhile,afraidtogobacktothefence,butwhenIdid,Inoticednotmorequotesbuttwowordsinentirelydifferenthandwritinghadbeenadded,“Thankyou.”Later,Isawtheoldmaninhisfrontyard.HebeckonedW4meoverandtoldmehowmyquoteshadbeeninspiringhim,howhethankedmeandhowhewasgladtoseeyoungpeoplestillhave“values”.WearenowgoodfriendsandItalktohimalot.Thisexperiencehaschangedmylife.Istilldon'tknowwhowrotethatveryfirstquote,butifheisoutthere,I'dliketosay“thanks”tothatunknownfriend.1．Whydidthewriterbegintowriteaquoteonthefence?．Hewantedtopracticehishandwriting.．Hehadgottensomehelpfromthequote.3．Hethoughtthatdoingthiswasinteresting.．Hewantedtodrawhisneighbor'sattention.答案：B推理判断题。依据第一段第三句可知，看作者读了那则格言后，不快乐的情绪缓解了一些。所以选B。2．Whywasthewriterafraidwhenhefoundthathisneighborhadseenhim?．Hehadthoughtthattheoldmanwasamadperson.．Hehadoncebeentoldthattheoldmanwasunkind.．Hethoughttheoldmanwouldscoldhimforwhathehaddone.．Hethoughttheoldmanwouldtellhisparentsabouthisaction.答案：C细节理解题。依据第二段第四句可知，老人并不是和蔼之人，他惧怕自己在老人的篱笆上写字，老人会为此责备自己。3．Beforereadingthequotesonhisfencetheoldman________.A．wasveryhappyB．didnotmindthemC．wasabitangryD．wasverysad答案：C细节理解题。依据第二段第五句可知，那位老人在读这些格言以前是不快乐的。4．Whomusthaveadded“Thankyou”tothefence?A．Theoldman.B．Someoneelse.C．Thewriterhimself.D．Thatunknownfriend答案：A推理判断题。依据第二段最后一句及最后一段第二句可推断出“Thankyou”必定是那位老人写的。W要点单词1．destinationn.终点；目的地42．brightenv.使更光亮；使更快乐3．sharpadj.严苛的；尖刻的4．beckonv.呼唤；(挥手)表示P要点短语passby经过BNotlongago,fewlittlegirlsimaginedW1theycouldgrowuptobecomeastronauts.ForyearsintheUnitedStates,onlymenhadthatopportunity.In1983,thatchanged.SallyRidemadehistorybybecomingthefirstAmericanwomantotraveltospace.OnJuly23,2012,Ridediedattheageof61.“Sallywasanationalheroandapowerfulrolemodel，”formerPresidentoftheUSA,BarackObamasaidinastatement.“Sheinspiredgenerationsofyounggirlstoreachforthestars.”Ridebecameinterestedinspacewhenshewasakid.“IfyouaskedmewhenIwas12whetherIwantedtobeanastronaut,I'msureIwouldhavesaidyes，”shesaidina2010interview.“ButIdidn'teventhinkaboutthatasapossiblecareer.”Afterstudyingphysicsincollegeandgraduateschool,Ridegotherchance.ShewasacceptedintoNASA'sastronauttrainingprogramin1978,andthenchosentobethefirstAmericanfemaleinspace.In1983,sheblastedintospaceaboardtheChallengershuttle.“There_is_no_amusement_park_ride_on_the_Earth_that_even_comes_so_close，”shesaid.RidereturnedtospaceontheChallengermissionsW2，shespentatotalof343hours

asecondtimein1984.BetweenthetwoinorbitP1.Afterthat,sheremainedinvolvedwithP2thespaceprogramandalsoworkedtoshareherpassionforsciencewithkids.ShecoauthoredW3sixsciencebooksforchildren,andstartedherownscienceeducationcompany.5Rideknewthatsheheldauniqueplaceinhistory.“Irealizedhowimportantitwasforawomantobreakthatbarrierandopenthedoorforotherwomentobeabletodothesameexcitingthingsthatthemenhadbeendoing，”shesaid.SinceRide'shistorictrip,morethan40otherAmericanwomenhavetraveledtospace.TheyallhadRidetothankforopeningthedoortothefinalfrontier.5．SallyRidewasregardedasanationalherobecauseshe________.A．wasthefirstAmericantotraveltospaceB．openedadoorforwomentofindjobssuitableforthemC．becamethefirstAmericanfemaleinspaceD．wasthefirsttotravelontheChallenger答案：C推理判断题。依据第一段最后一句可知，SallyRide是美国第一个进入太空的女宇航员，所以她被看作是民族英豪。6．Bysaying“ThereisnoamusementparkrideontheEarththatevencomessoclose”，Ridereallymeantthat________.A．shepreferredarideinanamusementparkontheEarthB．thetriptospacewaslikethatinanamusementparkC．shecameclosetoanamusementparkontheEarthD．thetriptospacewasfarmoreinterestingthananyrideontheEarth答案：D句意理解题。comeclose“靠近，差不多”。她的意思是，进入太空的旅游是在地球上乘坐任何游玩设备都无可比较的，因此也风趣得多。7．ThecorrectorderofthefollowingeventsthathappenedtoSallyRideis________.6a．acceptedintoanastronauttrainingprogramb．spentatotalof343hoursinorbitc．coauthoredsixsciencebooksforchildrend．traveledtospaceaboardtheChallengerforthefirsttimee．studiedphysicsincollegeandgraduateschoolA．e－a－b－c－dB．a－d－b－c－eC．e－a－d－b－cD．e－a－b－d－c答案：C细节理解题。依据第四段和第五段的内容可知，事情发生的先后次序是e－a－d－b－c，应选C项。8．Thepassageismostprobablytakenoutof________.A．anovelB．areportC．adiaryD．anessay答案：B推理判断题。本文介绍了美国第一位进入太空的女宇航员的经历和成就，应该是出自一篇人物报导。W要点单词1．imaginevt.想像；假想2.missionn.使命；代表团3．coauthorvt.合著P要点短语1．inorbit在轨道上2．beinvolvedwith与有亲密关系；关注；投入Ⅱ语法填空7Youmaylikereadingnovelsforfun.Butyouneedtoget__1__(organize)ifyouarereadinganovelforschool.Here__2__(be)afewtips.First,payattentiontocharacters.Whatdotheydointhenovel?Whatdotheywant?Everything__3__isaboutacharactercanhelpustounderstandhim,fromhis__4__(appear)tothekindoffoodheeats.Besides,theorderofthestoryandtheplotare__5__(equal)important.Makesurethatasyouread,youmake__6__quicknoteofwhathappensineachchapter.Thiswillhelpyoubringthethingsyouhavenoticedaboutthecharacter,setting,languageandsoontogether.It'salsoanenormoushelpforyoutoretellthestoryafteryouhavereadit.thehangofthethemeifyouwanttofullyappreciatethenovel.Perhapsloveisamajortheme,orjustice,or__8__(survive)．Furthermore,novelsaremadeup__9__language.Writersuselanguageinaspecialway__10__(make)theirnovelswork.Theymayusemetaphors,inventsymbols,orshowdifferentcharacters'personalitiesthroughtheirspeechstyles.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了怎样读好一本小说。1．organized考察词性变换。此处是“get＋形容词”构造，表示“变得”。organized作形容词，意为“有组织的；有条理的”。2．are考察主谓一致。here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首，句子常用倒装形式。主语是afewtips，为复数名词，故用are。3．that考察定语从句的指引词。定语从句的先行词是不定代词everything，故用that指引。4．appearance考察词性变换。his是形容词性物主代词，后边应当用名词形式，故填appearance，指表面。85．equally考察词性变换。修饰形容词important，应当用副词，故填equally。6．a考察冠词。makea(n)...noteof...“记下”，为常用短语，且quick以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。7．It考察it的用法。所填词位于句首，此处用it作形式主语，后边的不定式是真正的主语。8．survival考察词性变换。所填词与love,justice并列，应当填名词单数形式，且在本句中表示“逃生，幸存”，故填survival。9．of考察介词。bemadeupof“由构成”，为固定搭配，故填of。10．tomake考察非谓语动词。此处用不定式tomake作目的状语。9Ⅲ短文改错Asweallknow,cultureissimilarwithaniceberg(冰山).Thereareculturalruleswhereareobviousandeasilytounderstand.Mostofourculturalvalues,however,isnotclearorhidden.Forexample,whenyouwillvisitarestaurantinJapan,peoplemaysitinthefloorandusechopstickstoeat.Theseeathabitsareeasytocomeacross.Youmaynotknow,