高中英语语法复习非谓语动词过去分词

v1.0可编写可改正高中英语语法非谓语动词（三）过去分词非谓语动词（三）——过去分词（三）过去分词：1、过去分词的基本用法：过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已达成的动作。过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：（1）作定语：过去分词作定语时，假如这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词以前，假如是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词以后。被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.（2）作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：Theglassisbroken.这个玻璃杯是破的。注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态构造相像，但二者表达的意义不一样，如：Theglasswasbrokenbymylittlebrother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表语用的过去分词在很多字典中已列为形容词，如：crowded,devoted,discouraged,done,dressed,drunk,experienced,frightened,gone,hurt,interested,killed,known,learned,lost,pleased,satisfied,shut,surprised,tired,undressed,worried,astonished,broken,completed,covered等。（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundthegroundcoveredbyfallenleaves.注：动词have后的复合宾语中，宾语补足语如为过去分词，常表示该分词所表1Thebellv1.0可编写可改正示的动作是由他人来履行的而不是句中主语自己来履行的，如：Ihadmybikerepairedyesterday.昨天我（找他人）把我的自行车给修了。（4）作状语：过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该构造的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语，是过去分词所表表示义的逻辑宾语。为了使作状语的过去分词意义更为明确，常在分词前加when,if,while,though,as等连词，如：Seenfromthehill/Whenseenfromthehill,ourtownlooksbeautiful.;Givenmoretime/Ifgivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.（we是该构造的逻辑主语，是give的逻辑宾语。）独立主格：上述-ing和过去分词的用法中，-ing和过去分词在句中均有逻辑主语，但有时它们也能有自己的独立的主语，这类独立的主语，一般为名词或代词，位于其前以前，和-ing或过去分词组成独立主格。独立主格在句中一般只作状语用，而-ing和过去分词作用的形式，则要依据它们所表示的动作和句中谓语动词所表示的时间关系而定。至于独立主格中是使用-ing或是过去分词，则要依据它们的主语和其所表示的动作的主动被动关系而定，如：ringing,weallstoppedtalking.注：Theworkhavingbeenfinished,shesatdowntohavearest.①独立构造中的being或havingbeen常可省去，如：Themeeting(being)over,alllefttheroom.②作陪伴状语的独立结构常可用with短语来取代，如：Shereadtheletter,tearsrollingdownhercheeks./Shereadtheletterwithtearsrollingdownhercheeks.2、-ing形式与过去分词的差别：（1）语态不一样：-ing形式表示主动观点，及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念。aninspiringspeech激励人心的演说；theinspiredaudience受激励的听众。2v1.0可编写可改正（2）时间关系不一样：此刻分词所表示的动作一般是正在进行中的动作，而过去分词所表示的动作，常常是已经达成的动作，如：Thechangingworld正在发生的世界；thechangedworld已经起了变化的世界。练习、非谓语动词（三）1.Thereisnoquestionof_____abletofinishithimself.A.TomwasB.Tom'sbeingC.Tom'sbeD.TomisThenewshoppingcenter_____nowwillbeputintousebytheendofthisyear.A.builtB.bebuiltC.beingbuiltD.tobebuilt3."Haveyouhadsupper""Notyet.Themeal_____."A.arebeingcookedB.isbeingcookedC.iscookedD.arecooked4."I'mglad______youhereinthehotel.""It'smygreatpleasuretohaveyou______us."A.meeting,toB.tohavemet,withC.havingmet,amongD.tomeet,of5.I'mafraidIcan'tmakemyself_____inEnglish.3v1.0可编写可改正A.understandingB.understandC.tobeunderstoodD.understood6.Althoughinahurry,Wilson______.A.couldn'tstopwalkingB.couldn'thelpthestrangerC.stoppedtohelpthestrangerD.didn'tanswerthestranger7.Janetiseasy_____.A.forgettingalongwithB.bygettingalongwithC.togetalongwithD.gotalongwith8.Don'tforget______thelightwhenyouleave.A.turnoffB.toturnoffC.turningoffD.turnedoff9.Themotherisveryglad;herbabyisbeginning______.A.understandingwhatshemeansB.tounderstandthatshemeantC.tounderstandwhatshemeansD.noticingwhatshemeans,4v1.0可编写可改正10.Ithinkthisstoryis_____.A.worthbeingreadB.worthreadingC.worthtoreadD.worthofreading11.Thisscientistisaman______praise.A.worthtoB.worthytobeC.worthyofD.worth12.Idon'twant______anymoretrouble,youseeA.therebeingB.ittobeC.itbeingD.theretobeWhenshereturnedhome,shefoundthewindowopenandsomething______.A.stealingB.missedC.stolenD.tosteal14.Strictly_____,itisn'tworththepriceyouareasking.A.tospeakB.speakingC.speakD.spoken15.Time______,they'llcomeheretowatchus______football.A.permitted,playingB.permitted,toplayC.permitting,playD.permitting,toplay5v1.0可编写可改正16.Themanwasseen_____intothecourtyard.A,stealingB.stolenC.bestealingD.hadstolen17.Bobshouldlove_____tothepartytomorrowevening.A.takingB.tobetakenC.totakeD.beingtaken18.Tomhadnochoicebut_____theclassroomwithhisclassmates.A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleans19.Mr.BrownsaidthathiscarneededA.toberepairedB.beingrepairedC.berepairingD.torepair20.Theoldmandidn'tknowwhethertosellthecaror____.A.beingkeptforlateruseB.keptforlateruseC.tokeepitforlateruseD.tobekeptitforlateruse21.Thenoiseofthedesks_____couldbeheardinthenextclassroom.6v1.0可编写可改正A.beingopenedandclosedB.openedandclosedC.havingbeenopenedandclosedD.tobeopenedandclosedIremember_____someone____theumbrellaaway.A.tosee,takeB.havingseen,totakeC.tosee,totakeD.havingseen,take23.Shewasnoticed______theshop.A.toenterB.enterC.havingenteredD.entered24.Icouldn'thelp_____whenIheardthejoke.A.beinglaughedB.laughingC.tobelaughingD.tolaugh,sheburstintotears.A.DeeplymovedB.Deeplymoving7v1.0可编写可改正C.AsshedeeplymovedD.Asshewasdeeplymoving26.Theproblemrequires______.A.studyingwithgreatcareB.tostudycarefullyC.tobestudiedwithoutcarelessnessD.takinggreatcareofstudyingit27._____carelessly,theboymademistakeshereandthere..A.beingwrittenB.WroteC.WriteD.Writing28.Hewouldrather______hisparentswiththeirhouseworkthan_____outtoplaygames.A.tohelp,togoB.help,goC.help,togoD.tohelp,go29.Theboyhadhisleg_____while____football.A.broken,playingB.break,playC.broken,playedD.broke,wasplaying30.Havingfinishedthework,_____.A.itwasalmostsixo'clock8v1.0可编写可改正B.apostmancameanddeliveredtheeveningpaperandsomelettersC.supperhadbeenalreadypreparedD.wehadarestandthenhadsupper31.Heisill.Hehaskept_____.A.coughingallalongB.tocoughatnightC.coughsinceyesterdayD.beingcougheddayandnight32.Itisnouse____without_____.A.totalk,doingB.taking,beingdoneC.talking,doingD.beingtalked,beingtodo33."Iusuallygotherebyboat.""Whynot_____bytrainforachange"A.trygoingB.totrygoingC.tryingtogoD.totryandgo9v1.0可编写可改正,shefeltquiteshyattheparty.A.AssheastrangerB.BeingastrangerC.AccordingtoastrangerD.Shelikeastranger35.Everymorninghegetsupearlyandpractises______andthen_____toschool.A.toreadEnglish,goB.readingEnglish,goingC.readingEnglish,goesD.ofreadingEnglish,goes36.While_____footballontinplayground,Ifound'mykeys______.A.playing,lost,B.play,losingC.played,beinglostD.havingplayed,lost37.____thesamemistakesagainmadehisparentsveryangry.A.HishavingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.Himmaking38.Dickmadeit______toallhisfriends.10v1.0可编写可改正A.toknowB.knownC.knowD.knowing39.Annaspendsonehouraday_____spokenEnglish.A.practiseB.topractiseC.onpractisingD.inpractising40.Noonewassurprisedat_____theexamination.A.hepassingB.hispassC.himpassD.hispassingAl