专业英语八级阅读训练试题答案Fingerprints

2017年专业英语八级阅读训练试题及答案：FingerprintsFingerprintsThesearchforlatentprintsisdoneinasystematicandintelligentmanner.Investigatorsdeveloptechniquestolocatetracesoffingerprintsatacrimescene.Thebasicpremiseinsearchingforlatentprintsistoexaminemorecarefullythoseareas,whichwouldmostlikelybetouchedbypersonswhohavebeenonthescene.Thenaturalmannerinwhichapersonwoulduseandplacehishandsinmakinganentranceorexitfromabuildingorinhandlinganyobjectisthekeytothediscoveryoflatentprints.Whereaforcedentrancehasbeenmade,latentprintsarelikelytobefoundonanysurfaceadjacenttooratthatpoint.Anyobjectwithasmooth,non-poroussurfaceislikelytoretainlatentprintsiftouched.Fingerprintsonroughsurfacesareusuallyoflittlevalue.Ifthefingermarkdoesnotdiscloseridgedetailwhenviewedunderareadingglass,thechances1arethatitsvalueinidentificationisnilwhenphotographed.Wherefingermarksarefound,itwillbenecessaryfortheinvestigatortocomparethemagainsttheonesofpersonshavinglegitimateaccesstothepremisessothatthetracesmightbeeliminatedashavingevidentiaryvalueiftheyprovetobefromthesepersons.Placestosearchforprintsonanautomobilearetherearviewmirror,steeringwheelhub,steeringcolumn,windshielddashboardandthelike.Dustingofsurfacemaybedonewithafinebrushorwithanatomizer.Thewhitpowdersusedarebasicallyfinelypowderedwhitelead,talc,orchalk.AnotherlightpowderisbasicallyChemist’sgray.Agoodblackpowderiscomposedoflampblack,graphite,andpowderedacacia.Dragon’sbloodisgoodpowderforwhitesurfaceandcanbefixedonpaperbyheating.Indevelopinglatentprints,theacceptedmethodistousethepowdersparinglyandbrushlightly.Donotusepowderifthefingermarkisvisibleunderobliquelighting.Itcanbephotographed.Agoodpolicyforthenoviceistoexperimentwithhisownprintsonasurfacesimilartotheonehewishestosearchinordertodeterminethepowderbestsuitedtothesurface.Fingerprintsafterdustingmaybeliftedbyusingfreshcellulosetapeorcommerciallypreparedmaterialespecially2designedtoliftandtransferdustedlatentfingerprints.Inadditiontolatentprints,theinvestigatormustnotoverlookthepossibilityoftwoothertypesoffingerprinttraces:moldedimpressionandvisibleimpression.Moldedimpressionsareformedbythepressureofthefingeruponcomparativelysoft,pliable,orplasticsurfacesproducinganactualmoldofthefingerprintpattern.Thesecanberecordedbyphotographwithouttreatingthesurface,isusuallymosteffectiveinrevealingtheimpressionsclearly.Visibleimpressionsareformedwhenthefingeriscoveredwithsomesubstancewhichistransferredtothesurfacecontacted.Fingerssmearedwithblood,grease,dirt,paint,andthelikewillleaveavisibleimpression.Iftheseimpressionsareclearandsharp,theyarephotographedunderlightwithoutanttreatment.Ordinarily,printsofthistypeareblurredorsmearedanddonotcontainenoughdetailforidentificationbycomparison.However,theycannotbeoverlookedorbrushedasidewithoutfirstbeingexaminedcarefully.1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?Visibleimpressions.[B]Mouldedimpressions.Fingerprints.[D]Latentfingerprints.2.Howmanyfingermarksarementionedinthispassage?3[A]2.[B]3.[C]4.[D]5.Whichtypeoffingerprintsismostlikelytoretain?[A]Latentfingerprints.[B]Visibleimpressions.[C]Mouldedimpressions.[D]Clearfingerprints.Howmanywaysaretheretodevelopfingerprints?[A]2.[B]3.[C]4.[D]5.答案详解：C.指印，不论哪一种。A.可见压痕。B.模性压痕。C.潜指印，都属于指印。因此的标题应是指印。B.三种指印，即：潜指印，模性和可见压痕。A.潜指印。由于潜指印秘密，又是作案人无心中留下不易为人发现和损坏。其价值性从文中第三段描绘取潜指印可见一般。B.和C.见第四段“必定不要忽视其余两种种类的指印痕：模性压痕和可见压痕的可能性”这说明这两种指印较少，特别是模性压痕是在相当柔嫩，柔韧或许塑性表面留下的，作案人一般都是谨小慎微的，不留下指印，更不太可能在这种东西上压上一个指痕。至于可见压痕，是手上沾了“血，油脂，脏土，油漆之类物件”