非谓语动词作状语

关于非谓语动词作状语第一页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四Teachingaims:1.Thestudentswillunderstandthestructureofnon-predicateverbsusedastheadverbialandcansolvetherelatedquestions.2.Tohelpthestudentsconcludethewaysofsolvingthequestionsaboutnon-predicateverbs.第二页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四

判断句子正误，并对错的加以改正。Thereareseveralboysplaybasketballontheplayground.2.HerhusbandwenttoAmerica,leftherlivingaloneinLondon.3.Ifinishedmyhomework,thenIbegantoplaythegame.4.BecauseIfinishedmyhomework,andIbegantoplaythegame.5.Havingfinishedmyhomework,Ibegantoplaythegame.6.ImprovinghisEnglish,hewenttoattendanEnglishcourse.FFFFTFplayingleaving∧andToimprove一个简单句中只能有一套谓语动词，其余的动词用非谓语形式

在并列句和复合句当中，才会有两套以上的谓语动词连用的情况。第三页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四1)WhenIwalkedinthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend._____________________,Icameacrossanoldfriend.

2)Hewasill,sohedidn’tgotoschool.__________,hedidn’tgotoschool.3)Ifyouseetheearthfromspace,itlooksblue.__________________,theearthlooksblue.4)Shewalkedoutofthehousewithherlittlegirlfollowingher.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,_____________herlittlegirl.1.分词（v-ing;v-ed）作状语用分词作状语的形式改写下列句子WalkinginthestreetBeingillSeenfromspacefollowedby时间状语

原因状语条件状语伴随状语第四页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四5)Thoughhewasleftaloneathome,hedidn’tfeelafraidatall.________aloneathome,hedidn’tfeelafraidatall.6)Herparentsdied,whichleftheranorphan.Herparentsdied,________heranorphan.

7)Becausehehadn’tfinishedhiswork,hewaspunished.____________________hiswork,hewaspunished.8)AfterwehadbeenshownaroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNest.________________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNest.LeftleavingNothavingfinishedHavingbeenshown结果状语让步状语第五页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四分词作状语的基本原则

分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，分词和句中主语构成逻辑上的主动或被动关系，否则不能使用分词作状语第六页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四5)Thoughhewasleftaloneathome,hedidn’tfeelafraidatall.________aloneathome,hedidn’tfeelafraidatall.6)Herparentsdied,whichleftheranorphan.Herparentsdied,________heranorphan.7)Becausehehadn’tfinishedhiswork,hewaspunished.____________________hiswork,hewaspunished.8)AfterwehadbeenshownaroundtheWaterCube,werethentakentoseetheBird’sNest.________________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNest.LeftleavingNothavingfinishedHavingbeenshown结果状语让步状语第七页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四形式意义DoingHavingdoneDoneBeingdoneHavingbeendone与句中主语成主动关系与谓语动作同时发生，或基本同时发生与句中主语成主动关系先于谓语动词发生与句中主语成被动关系与句中主语成被动关系，与谓语动作同时发生，一般置于句首作原因状语与句中主语成被动关系且先于谓语动作而发生第八页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四2.不定式作状语

(1)I’mpleasedtobeinvitedtotheparty.(______状语)(2)Topasstheexam,heworkedhard.(______状语)(3)Hewokeuponlytofindeveryonegone.(______状语)原因目的结果不定式作状语，通常表示原因、目的和结果，不定式同样与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主动或被动关系练习：第九页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四比较下面两个句子：Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet.Footballisplayedallovertheworld,makingitthemostpopularsport.偶然的、意想不到的结果自然而然的、意料之中的结果第十页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四3.独立成分作状语__________mediareports(由媒体的报道判断),theresulthasbeenunclear.___________________（考虑到各种因素），theresultisbetterthanexpected.___________________(说实话),yourproposalhasbeenturneddown.JudgingfromTakingeverythingintoconsiderationTotellyouthetruth有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分作状语。类似的短语有：Generally/strictly/frankly…speaking,talkingof…提及，谈到considering…,seeing…(考虑到…)Tobefrank/honest/exact,tobegin/startwith,tosumup（总而言之，概括地说）Tomakethings/mattersworse(更糟糕的是）第十一页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四

Weather_________（permit）,we’llgooutforapicnic.Homework_________（finish）,theboywentouttoplay.Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisface________(cover)withsweat.Allthings_______(consider),yourarticleisofgreatervaluethanhers.permittingfinishedcoveredconsidered思考：上面分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？分词和逻辑主语之间什么关系？有时，分词作状语，分词可以带有自己独立的逻辑主语，分词和其逻辑主语之间依然构成主动或被动关系。这种“逻辑主语+分词”的结构被称为分词的独立主格结构，在句中只能作状语。4.分词的独立主格结构第十二页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四练习1._____time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given2.____alongthequietroadatfortymilesanhour,andthenanoldmansuddenlystartedtocrosstheroadinfrontofme.A.Driving B.IwasdrivingC.HavingdrivenD.WhenIwasdriving3.Since1994,theglacierinAntarcticahasloweredbyasmuchas90cm,_____sealeveltorise.A.havingcausedB.causingC.causedD.beingcausedDBB第十三页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四5.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather,”saidBob,_______outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked6._______manytimes,hestillcan’trememberit.A.HadtoldB.HavingbeentoldC.HavingtoldD.Beingtold7.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting8.Themanager,________itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.makingABDB第十四页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四9.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise________.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon10.Hehurriedtothestationonly_______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound11.Thehumanbodyiscomposedoforgans,each________adefinitejobtodo.A.haveB.tohaveC.hasD.havingAAD第十五页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四解题思路归纳：①_________________________②_________________________③_________________________④_________________________判断“谓”或“非谓”分析句法功能，明确所作成分找准逻辑主语，弄清逻辑关系注意非谓语动词的时态第十六页，共十八页，编辑于2023年，星期四1.______