2020高考英语完形填空最全解题技巧,建议人手一份!附高频词汇

2020高考英语完形填空最全解题技巧，建议人手一份!（I附高频词汇）在历年的高考中完形填空一直都是困扰考生的一大难题，这类题型主要是考查学生的词汇、固定搭配、语法等语言知识的综合能力，它既反映出学生阅读理解能力，又体现了学生在语境中的逻辑判断能力。一、解题原则.先语义后语法近几年，单纯的语法题几乎从完型填空类题型中消失，几乎每一题的四个选项都符合语法规则，如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就陷入了答题误区，理解文章的大意并结合语言结构对每个空格作出判断，方为上策。.答案要从文中找近义词或词组辨析逐渐成为完形填空常挖空的热点考点。四个选择项要么是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么就是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示。二、解题步骤.快速浏览，重视首句；.通读全文，先易后难；.复读全文，验证答案。三、解题技巧1.利用重复词语、派生词或者近义词等解题完形填空题的文章一般都会前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复的现象，或者出现其派生词、近义词等，这类题目一般比较容易解答。例如：ATuFcmtomanisof&ringafreeroutid-tlie-worldairtickettotherightwoman,But4[r^lricli-unsiapply,YoumusthenamedElizabethG3llaglicrstudhaveuCanitdiEin42pa33pLl■rl.JordanAxanL2X.saidheandhisthengirlfriend,ElizabethGallag]terTbookedheavilydiscountedround-the-worldairticketsinMay,buttheir43rcIatinnshipendedandhedadnotwantherticketto44理）【。咽山〉二Thetickethadastrictno-Iransler（不可抬11：）4$pukLy,butsincepiissporlmfbmiialiojiwasniylrequiredv/hen46tMK>king,石nyC占nadiHiiElizabethGallaghercan47use：it.（帝苑2W7全国卷111）42.A.originB.pysspcrlC.accentD.friend4卜物力BT butsincepassportinfbmiationwasnotrequired...木题答案.2.利用逻辑关系解题所谓的逻辑关系其实并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，还有可能会渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如果能充分利用这些逻辑关系词，我们就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系。Everyycarabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmouirtaininAinca.They41brinawiththemlots The42crowd%mi^htdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Dieglacsers。不aredisappearin^,changingthe43饱bofKslimatijaro.Hcdrin^ihysCslOrlcs,1'rti44skcpliealdbuuiIh匚plate： dcstinrttiotiiartdescribed君占:"purer“naluTiitexperiences.[{owiver,Isoon45discoverthatjmichhaschangedsincetheday^ofdisturbingreportsofcampsamongtonsofrubbish, 1节选自2。19全国卷1》45.A.discoverB.argueC.decide D.advocate解析：A上一段提到作者对于有关乞力马孔罗山被污染的梢息感到怀疑，本句开头howec"上示转折,作齐很快发现事实并非如此」.利用上下文线索解题对于大部分完形填空题目，我们需要通过上下文线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近。Evci'yyciir<ibuu(40h000pcuple LuizlimbKiLijmi•岭祀©,thtLi吕he3tmountai3iinAiiica.They41hrinjgwiEhthemlotsoiwaste.The42crowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace,['heglaciersf?水UI)aredisappearing,changingthe4?凿cvofKilimaryuro.f节逢白2019全国卷I)A.keepH.mixC.connectD.bring解析：口根据空前-句I提到每年大幻HHJOO人试图察登非洲最冏峰——£力马孔罗山，空后一句捉到……可能破坏这•地方的美丽，可知此空选bHi喏，即登山老带来了大量的垃圾,.利用文化背景知识和生活常识解题有些完形填空的文章渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。高中生应掌握丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，具备了一定的价值判断能力。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地顺着作者的思路阅读下去。cry53fillinqupyourTimewithotherwork.Thisiswhythtrtisa54saynigth<iLifyou^anlscmelhiniJdcmetaskn_S5busypers-untodoit."" " (节选自201日浙江卷)54.A.message B.slcryC.sayingD.lact分析nC根据下文,作者用用了一句追记>।枚迷saying口.排除干扰，去伪存真在做完形填空题目时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的错误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。41DyJ<iiiLi-ury26*Billyantithree"uthurcLiildrenlt<iddied.Twentymorewere42siek->N*me\townofficialscameupwitha（ti）43plan.Theywouldhavetiiemcdieincsentby44railtTiimAtichcragctobJtnana.bromthere,dogs.led［彳句才宜’叮僦］drivcis—kiJOYVtias ―wuuld45uairryittuNuuieijlarelay（崔力）.匚节选自工⑴8北京卷）41.A.From13.OnC.ByD.After解析•：CW十时间.为完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时：跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，此处表示到1月26号时，比尔和其他三个小核已经去世To7.利用固定搭配解题习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力。E4miWilled【IHiriued口/ilyaLByn>nBnywh打的辛e科erevtipp口箔dlo4Lni己蜕.Thebaywas45bathedinsunshine,andtherewasagroup-ofkayakersaroutid150mt>fftheGettingaliittl<46clos」,Irealizedonekayak（皮划艇）w日sin47tnbl+,^Somelliing+snot48right/"ItookofftoT-shirtand49divedintothewater.［sawthereweretwoinstnictorsonbeardandatnanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewhs-5。shaldiinviolently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors,1helped51■rry〔hey心Un吕man.ollt<jfiht;Wttlir.HeW已占UncunsuiuLiiiJnd邕3IlookedAthisiacehsomething520ccurrEdtome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53fdmili±ir., （节选自2018全国卷口）47.A.trouble 13,advanceC.questionD,battle解析：A根.据IiDokufTrtiyT-&htrtand…和Hewasuncanscions可知选trouble;■>山1「国161占遇到了麻烦\市血丫凯111:总,提前二E9口相匕口门*正被讨论:的；被怀疑的、击b&tt屈，参加战役晨备考干货完形填空以考查动词、名词、形容词和副词为主，不仅涉及到对文章上下文语境的理解，更会考查它们的近义词的辨析，而动词又是最容易让同学们混淆的，下面是近年来高考英语完形填空中常涉及到的动词高频词等的大汇总，供同学们对比记忆哦！.“看”：look;see;watch;observe;notice;catchsightof;stare;glare;glance;glimpse;seeafilm;watchTV.“说"：tellsthtosb.=tellsbsth;talkwithsbaboutsth;saysth;speakinEnglish;whispersthtosb;informsbofsth;reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth;bargain;chat;repeat;explain;warn;remind;discuss;debate;figure;declare;claim;mention;admit;deny;describe;announce;introduce;complain3."叫"：cry;call;shout;scream;moan;sigh;quarrel"问"：ask;interview;express;question"答"：answer;respond;reply"听“：listento;hear;pickup;overhear"笑"：smile;laugh;burstintolaughter;burstoutlaughing"哭"：cry;shedtears;weep;sob;burstintotears/burstoutcrying“吃/喝”：eat/drink;sip;haveameal;havesupper;toast;taste;treatsbto;helponeselfto“穿”：puton;wear;haveon;bedressedin;makeup;getchanged;beinred;takeoff;remove“行“：walk;run;climb;jump;skip;slip;come/go;enter;move;drive;ride;fly;crawl"坐“：sitdown;beseated;seatoneself;takeaseat，stand;lean"睡/休息”：lie/onone,sback/onone,sside/onone,sstomach;stayinbed;havearest;takeanap;beasleep;bend;turnover;rest“写“：dictate;writesth;describe;dropaline;draw;takedown/writedown"拿/放"：take;bring;hold;carry;fetch;lif;put;lay;pull;push"抓“：takeholdof;seize;grasp;scratch"打“：hit;beat;strike;blow;attack"扔"：throw;drop;fall;wave;shake"送"：send;deliver;give;offer;seeoff“摸/抱”：ouch;fold;embrace;hug;hold;inone,sarms"踢/碰”：kick;knock;tip“找/查”：find;lookfor;findout;discover/explore;huntfor;searchfor;seek,seekforinsearchof;searchsb;searchsp.forsth;check;examine;test;inspect“得"：get;obtain;acquire;gain;possess“失“：lose;belost/bemissing/gone;greatloss”有"：have;own;conquer;occupy；possess"无“：nothingleft;theremainingthing;disappear;bemissing/gone“增/减”：rise/goup,drop;raise;bringdown/reduce;increase/decrease“买/卖”：buy;purchase;afford;pay;payoff;payfor;sell;onsale;bargain;bill/cheque/cash/creditcard/notes/coins;discounts“存在/消失”：comeintobeing;exist;appear;survive;live;show;turnup;disappear;die;dieout;passaway;beoutofsight"变化"：develop;improve;become;grow;go+bad/wrong/sour;turn+colour;change/changeinto;reform“成功/失败“：makeit;succeed;makeprogress;cometrue;realizeone'sdream;win;lose;failtodo;defeat;sufferloss;beat;oreality32.“努力"：try/manage;makeefforts;attempt;doone,sbest;doasmuchasonecantodo祝贺：congratulatesb.onsth.;celebrate;observe;gettogether敬佩：admire;respect;showrespectfor/to;adore;envy;bejealousy赞美/批评：praise;thinkhighlyof;blamesbforsth;sbistoblame;criticize/scoldsb.forsth.;havealowopinionofsb;speakillof喜/恶：like;love;befondof;bekeenon;becrazyabout;adore;beinto;prefer;enjoy;dislikehate;ignore至U达：arriveat;reach;returnto;getto;stayinsp.;visit;leave;leavefor受伤：hurt;injure;wound;cut;kill;drown;bleed;getburnt;sufferfrom;sufferaloss损坏：damage;destroy;ruin;breakdown;crash;bebroken修复：repair;rebuild;restore;fix;recoveroneself”认识的过程“：feel;sense;guess;suppose;wonder;doubt;know/learnrealizeunderstandremember;befamiliarwith;recall;recite;applyto认为;判断：think;believe;consider;find;feel;conclude;infer;doubt想/考虑：thinkof…as...;thinkabout;consider;thinkover支持/反对：agree;disagree;accept;receive;refuse;turndown;beagainst;elect;votefor/against花费：sth/doingsth+cost;sb+spend+(in)doingsth;sb+afford+n/todosth;It+takes/tooksometime/money/energytodosth;sbpaysomemoneyforsth.省/存钱：save/saveup;setaside;putaway参力□:takepartin;join/joinin;attend;competein/for/against控告：accusesb.of;chargesb.with救治/帮助：help/helpout;save/rescuesbfromsth.;treat;curesb.ofsth;aidsbindoingsth/todosth;helpsbwithsth;assistsbindoingsth50.逃避：runaway;escapefrom;flee;hide阻止/禁止：prevent/keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth;forbiddoingsth.;ban;prohibit对付/处理：handle/dowith/dealwith/tackle/overcomesth;solve;settle效仿：copy;imitate;learnfrom;learn爆发/发生：comeabout;happento;takeplace;breakout;burstout;gooff;explode安装/装备：fasten;fix;set;equip;bearmedwith;beequippedwith追求：pursuit;ranafter;seekafter;chase;catchupwith;keepupwith建议：adv.ise;suggest;recommend;propose;urge;demand;persuade打算：plan/intend/designtodo;begoingtodo/beabouttodo/willdo似乎/好象：seem;appear;looklike;asif/asthough开办/关闭：open;start;setup;close/closeup;end;closedown.假期vacation,holiday,springbreak,leave,twodaysoff.旅游trip，journey，tour，voyage，travel，tourist，passenger.职务人员clerk，secretary，passer-byfriend，minister，manager，waitress，guest，host，hostess，assistant，customer，adult，neighbor，relative，patient，vet，staff，crew，nurse，teacher，conductor，tailor，sailor，inventor，gardener，guard.餐馆/定餐/就餐inn，restaurant，kitchen，menu，bill，order，tip，forkandknife，reserve/booktable，tastedelicious，salad，vegetables，fruit，tray，napkin5.诊所/看病/服药clinic，hospital，takeone,stemperature，takemedicine/pills，haveafever/flu/headache，doctor，physician，surgeon，specialist，patient.车站/机场airport，onboard，missthetrain/bus，catchatrain，meetsb..身体部位arm，head，hair，brain，waist，back，shoulder，pulse，wrist.意志亚〃1，courage，patience，determination，faith，effort，confidence，ambition，energy.才能/品质talent，gift，ability，potential，intelligent，promising，smart，stupid，careful，proud，strict，honest，cold，serious，easy-going，learned，knowledgeable.优缺点adv.antage，disadv.antage，strength，weakness，merit，drawback,strongpoint，shortcoming.目标③加，goal，intention，purpose，belief，faith.方式means，method，way，manner，approach.身体素质strong，weak，pale，sick，ill，well，slim，fit，cutweight，putonweight.图表photo，picture，graph，drawing，table，line/bargraph，piechart，drawasketch（划草图）.文章reading，translation，essay，poem，paper，novel，fictionarticle，magazine,newspaper,journal,diary,files.课堂class,course,lecture,example,reason,message,notes,words,phrase,scholarship,degree,subject,question,trouble,difficulty,grades,comment,marks.学校活动match,game,activity,holdameeting/debate/speech/ceremony.建议/观点adv.ice,suggestion,idea,proposal,view,recommandation.气候/天气climate,weather,storm,wind,cloud,rain,snow,hotness,coldness,heat,warmth.交通bytrain/bus/boatbike,onthetrain/bus/abikedriveacar,rideabike,givesb.alift/ride.习惯habit,custom,practice（惯例）.感觉sight,hearing,touch,smell,taste,sense.情感feeling,emotion,anger,delight,sadness,sorrow.贝才富money,possessions,wealth,belongings,fortunes,treasure,diamond.运动比赛playground,trackandfiled,pitch,event,game,match,sports,player,coach,judge,jogging,weightlifting,volleyball,soccerimmediateadj.立即的，立刻的，马上clearadj.清楚的，清晰的3.cautiousadj.小心翼翼的vividadj.生动的，逼真的exactlyadv.①确切地,精确地②恰好地,正好地③（用于答语）完全正确。（的确这样）fortunatelyadv.幸运地surprisinglyadv.令人惊讶的hardlyadv.几乎不nsteadadv.代替，相反properlyadv.适当地；正确地；恰当地speciallyadv.专门reliableadj.可靠的，可信赖的simplyadv.简单地；仅仅，只不过namelyadv.即，也就是notnearly=farfrom=nowherenear远非，远远不，一点也不patientadj.耐心的；n.病人plainadj.简单的，朴素的familiaradj.熟悉的luckyadj.幸运的amazingadj.令人惊异的accidentallyadv.①偶然地；意外地②附带地silentadj.沉默的23.calmadj.平静的，冷静的24.secretadj.秘密的25.otherwiseadv.否贝^.meanwhileadv.期间，同时.besidesadv.除…以外还有.efficientadj.高效的，有效的.flexibleadj.灵活的.complexadj.复杂的.smoothadj.平稳的，光滑的，顺利的.regularlyadv.定期的，有规律的.sensitiveadj.敏感的，体贴的34.honestadj.诚实的35.confidentadj.自信的36.shyadj.害羞的，羞涩的.thoughtfuladj.①深思的，沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的.lightheartedandoptimisticadj.无忧无虑而且非常乐观的.neverthelessadj.然而.privateadj.私人的(privatecars).personaladj.个人的(personalbelongings).uniqueadj.唯一的，独一无二的;独特的.favorableadj.赞同的，有利的.preciousadj.宝贵的，珍贵的.essentialadj.必要的，重要的.wor