江北河宁溪土石坝设计计算书

设计计算书一设计基本资料表一设计、校核洪水过程线表时段（天）011.062345流量（％）10891005732.51912设计洪水流量（m3/s）4053604.540502308.51316.255769.5486校核洪水流量（m3/s）7907031790040532567.5441501948二调洪演算1通过改变堰顶高程或溢流堰前缘宽度做不同的调洪方案3个，如下：方案一：根据给出的坝址地质条件，选择泄洪单宽流量q＝40m3/s·m。按允许最大下泄设计流量Qmax1%=2800m3/s,初步确定溢洪道溢流堰前缘宽度B0＝Qmax1%/q＝2800/40＝70m。确定堰顶高程H1＝337m。起调水位为H0=345m，水位H＝337m时水库库容V337＝348×106m3。参考教材《河流水文学》中有关调洪演算的内容，采用列表试算法进行调洪演算，取计算时段⊿t=6小时＝21600秒。参考工程经验确定溢流堰布置形式为：中墩4个，宽度1.5米；边墩2个，宽两米；闸孔五个，每个净宽12米，最大开度8米。由此可由《水力学手册》查得堰流流量系数mc=［mm×(n-1)+ms］／n=［0.375×(5-1)+0.365］／5=0.372；闸孔出流时流量系数µ0＝0.6-0.18e/H。堰流流量Q＝mcB［2g］，闸孔出流时流量Q＝µ01/2初设泄洪洞进口段底部高程约335米，出口段高程约320米，泄洪洞中闸门尺寸初定为12米×8米，由《水力学手册》查得其泄流能力Q＝µBh［2g(H-εh-335)］1/2=0.904×10×4.5×［2g(H-0.915×4.5-335)］1/2=180.1(H-339.12)1/2.在泄洪过程中水轮机引用流量q=30m3/s×3=90m3/s与总下泄量相比很小，可忽略，调洪演算时未考虑其影响，仅作为安全储备。根据以上定出的各项数据进行调洪演算，可得出设计、校核两种工况下的洪水下泄过程，这种情况下设计洪水位346.14m，最大下泄流量2730.08m3/s；校核洪水位349.1m，最大下泄流量4722.0m3/s。方案二：泄洪单宽流量q＝44m3/s·m。溢洪道溢流堰前缘宽度B0＝Qmax1%/q＝2800/44＝64m，边墩2米×2，中墩1米×4，闸孔11.2米×5，堰流流量系数mc=［mm×(n-1)+ms］／n=［0.376×(5-1)+0.367］／5=0.372，堰流流量Q＝mcB［2g］其它数据同方案一，可得出设计、校核两种工况下的洪水下泄过程，这种情况下设计洪水位348.2m，最大下泄流量2800m3/s；校核洪水位349.46m，最大下泄流量4519.85m3/s。方案三：确定堰顶高程H1＝337.5m，其它同方案二，可得出设计、校核两种工况下的洪水下泄过程，这种情况下设计洪水位346.12m，最大下泄流量2715.43m3/s；校核洪水位349.91m，最大下泄流量4505.43m3/s。2方案选择经分析比较，以上三个方案均有效，但方案二为最优方案。因方案二中设计工况下闸门削减洪峰的能力得以充分发挥，而另两个方案下闸门的这种能力未能有效发挥。则由方案二可确定出设计、校核洪水位分别为348.2m、349.46m。三坝高的确定根据设计洪水位、校核洪水位分别确定坝高：由设计洪水位确定坝高坝顶超高d=R+e+Aa波浪在坝上爬高R＝K⊿KW（h1L1)1/2/(1+m2)1/2，参考《水工建筑物》教材中相关内容，代入各项数据可得出R＝3.59米，其中计算得设计波高h1＝1.04米。b坝前水位壅高e＝KV2Dcosα/2gH,计算得e＝0.027。c坝的级别为2级，选择安全加高A＝1.0米。则坝顶超高d＝R+e+A＝3.59+0.027+1.0＝4.617米。由此确定坝顶高程H＝348.2+d＝352.82米。由校核洪水位确定坝高计算得设计波高h1＝0.67米，波浪在坝上爬高R＝K⊿KW（h1L1)1/2/(1+m2)1/2＝2.3米，坝前水位壅高e＝KV2Dcosα/2gH＝0.011米，安全加高A＝0.7米。则坝顶超高d＝R+e+A＝2.3+0.011+0.7＝3.011米。坝顶高程H＝349.46+d＝352.47米。由以上两种情况比较可得坝顶高程H＝352.82，考虑0.3％的坝体沉降量⊿H=0.14米，H+⊿H＝352.96米，则最终确定坝顶高程为H＝353米。四渗流计算根据最大坝剖面图，参考已有工程经验，确定坝体各部分的材料及渗透系数，如下：渗流计算简图坝体材料性质表：位置坝壳料地基排水体心墙编号①②③④组成材料堆石，砂壤土与与山皮土混混合料砂质砂岩堆石粘土与砂壤土混混合料渗透系数（m//d）0.030.008664500.0000000.00351设计洪水情况上游水位高:44.2m下游水位高:11m渗流量=0.00455m3/天浸润线示意图如下：其中红色线为浸润现，彩色线为等势线。坐标原点为坝址与地基交点，浸润线上各点坐标如下：X(m)Y(m)113.50044.200114.53343.595115.40643.361116.28143.118117.23242.920117.48442.865117.67642.830118.53942.667119.27542.524119.54742.477120.70942.279120.97242.240122.99441.940123.11441.925123.31841.899124.44841.757125.29341.666126.08241.591127.11641.514127.63641.491128.62941.445129.09541.263130.17740.989131.21040.600131.48440.393131.94739.376132.70338.890133.03338.284133.16237.162133.24036.668133.32736.436133.38234.989133.44834.746133.55933.222133.79032.348133.98331.632134.53830.177134.59029.993134.61929.944135.50528.211135.56428.092135.57128.081136.57526.557137.10025.901137.25625.689137.60325.284137.90025.217139.84924.811139.85524.810140.91824.588141.82224.406142.03324.360142.76824.212143.80824.002144.03223.957144.22723.921144.72823.822145.93723.581146..79723..412147..64323..249148..48923..085149..05022..976149..72822..844150..57122..681151..68222..465151..89722..423151..96022..411152..61422..283154..05422..002154..18221..978154..28021..959155..10321..797155..74021..672156..67021..486157..20321..380158..23221..172158..86721..044159..70220..872160..56320..696162..23720..345162..60920..267162..85320..215164..70219..819165..46219..653166..22319..486167..00319..313167..57519..186168..36019..007168..79118..910169..85118..667170..23718..578171..14218..364171..99218..166172..39118..070173..81417..728174..55517..547176..04317..178176..22217..134176..51517..059177..66016..771177..97616..691178..62516..523179..58616..276180..84315..947181..13015..872181..23615..844181..48815..777182..75115..444184..08815..086184..41215..000184..60714..949185..36814..745186..20414..521187..69814..124187..79714..098187..99314..046188..99613..782189..51713..651190..40813..420191..19313..229191..68013..106192..95712..806192..96712..804194..05012..561194..72612..416195..45512..263196..42912..077196..97311..975197..69411..858198..40311..738199..54511..569199..92511..518201..06011..378201..36911..342201..70111..312202..93511..187203..95511..112204..25111..091204..57811..074205..35011..027206..00111..0012校核洪水情况上游水位高:45..46m下游水位位高:13.55m渗流量=0.000437m3/天坐标原点为坝址址与地基交交点，浸润润线示意图图如下：其中红色线为浸浸润现，彩彩色线为等等势线。浸润线上各点坐坐标如下：：X((m)Y(m))116..65045..460117..23145..006117..78544..837118..96544..519119..49344..400120..44444..184121..94443..911121..96043..908121..97143..906122..21543..866123..56743..646123..64843..632123..78643..614125..53043..377126..12243..311127..42743..189127..96743..148128..35343..130128..96043..100129..94542..615130..50242..442130..81042..251131..63041..429131..91341..025132..12840..438132..45439..676132..39338..933132..61937..894132..62037..790132..65136..776132..79936..184133..09435..076133..30434..477133..71133..189133..98032..561134..47031..532134..71831..084135..16130..256135..40829..916136..08628..913136..36328..563136..89827..905137..13827..611137..64427..506138..92427..229140..22326..953140..43126..910140..51426..894141..72426..639142..71726..440143..19326..339144..38826..099144..64926..047144..84726..008145..88825..802146..32525..713147..57825..468148..15425..356148..50425..289149..64325..066150..63824..874151..02224..799152..30324..551152..39824..532152..51824..509154..51324..122155..10924..005156..25823..780157..08723..618158..70023..298158..70823..297159..97323..044159..98623..041161..23622..790162..22422..587163..27722..372164..50122..118164..74822..066165..47721..913166..30821..738166..57721..681168..02821..371168..66621..233169..82220..979170..01820..936170..21120..893171..12020..692171..50620..605172..26720..435172..99020..271173..80220..088174..72419..875174..78619..861174..82519..852175..20219..765176..10119..557176..26219..519177..90219..135178..79418..923179..53018..748180..26518..573181..26918..331181..85618..191182..49118..039183..34817..832183..92517..691185..30017..362185..66317..273186..79917..003186..95216..966188..38816..628188..59316..579190..01216..252190..10416..230190..29316..188191..96915..813193..03315..591194..27115..330194..57415..271195..46515..094196..52414..902196..59014..890198..60714..548198..73314..528198..84214..511199..41514..430201..31414..154201..83414..091202..57613..999203..93013..861204..22113..831205..79813..703206..34613..657206..45913..649206..53013..646207..84113..566208..10513..557209..30613..516209..65713..502209..75113..500五稳定计算坝体分区方法与与渗流计算算中相同，坝坝体材料参参数如下：：区号号重度饱和重度粘聚力内摩擦角水下粘聚水下内摩(kNN/m3))((kN/mm3)(kPPa)(度)力(kPaa)擦角(度)①116.000020..000449.000025.0000399.000022..000②221.000022..000770.0