英语动名词与现在分词的用法区别

动名词与在分词用法区别动词的-ing形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。动词的-式何时为动名词，何时为现在分词。首先，我们要从概念上区分。动词-ing式在起名词作用时，称为动名词；用作形容词或副词时，称为现在分词。其次，我们要从用法方面区分动词的-式是动名词还是现在分词。一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作主语。1．动名词作主语Readingisspeakingit.阅读法文比讲法语容易。himtalkingawall.和他说话等于对牛弹琴。Smokingcancausecancer.吸烟会致癌。isher种玫瑰是她的爱好。2．有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面It’sniceseeingyouagain.再次见到你太好了。Itwasfrommorningtillnight.从早到晚开车很累人。It’sawondermeetingyou在这里碰到你真是奇迹。Itwasaofthat看那本书是浪费时间。3.“There+no”后可以用动名词作主语waswhathecoulddo.他能做什么很难说。wasarguingher.没法和她争论。二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。1．有许多词可接动名词作宾语Ithemeetinganend.我建议结束会议。Soyouliving这样说你更愿意住在国外？kept他不停地抱怨。Ireadingthebook这书我昨晚看完了。2．有许多介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语hasupplayingfootball.他现在不踢足球了。Priceskeepincreasing.价格不断上涨。三、当动词的-ing形式用作状语时为现在分词，动名词不可以用作状语。现在分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示间、原、结果条件让步、式或伴随况等。其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。theofthetower,amagnificent我们爬到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。（表时间）inthewefewsocial我们住在乡下，交际的机会很少。（表原因）Havinghewillbuya（表条件）Knowingthewouldnottellmeit..（表让步）Thefell,strikingheadthedoorandcuttingit.1

那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上碰破了.（表结果）againstwall.他靠墙站着（表方式或伴随情况）四、动名词与现在分词都可以用作表语，当动词的作用相当于名词时为动名词。当动词的-的作用相当于形容词时，动词的现在分词。1．动名词作表语Herhobbyispainting.她的爱好是绘画。Herwastendingthesheep.她的工作是放羊。Thethingisintime.首要的事是及时到达那里。2．现在分用作表语Theis这消息令人鼓舞。storyisveryinteresting.这个故事很有趣。Theday天气真是好极了。Thewasmoststriking.差别很明显。五、动名词与现在分词都可以用作定语现在分词表示其所修饰的名词的动作，即:现在分词与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上具有主谓关系。通常能改为一个定语从句。动名词则表示其修饰的名词的性质，或用途或功.两者在逻辑上无主谓关系。因此，只能改为一个for加动名词的短语。1．动名词定语，动名词表性质或用途或功能。swimming

游泳池

drinkingwater饮用水swimming

游泳衣

候车室睡袋pill安眠药machine缝纫机operating手术室

parkinglot停车场writingdesk写字桌writing信纸活期账户diving

潜水衣

阅览室divingboard跳板

ground运动场machine洗衣机

拳击比赛洗衣粉

演讲比赛fishing钓鱼杆2．现在分作定语developingcountries

发展中国家

fishingline钓鱼线aboomingtown日渐繁荣的城镇growing越来越大的怀疑thedays剩下的岁月afallingstar流星theruling统治阶级

the现有条件peace持久的和平theleading主要报纸living有生命的东西theageing

老化的人口

thegeneration成长的一代六、动名词与现在分词都可以用作补语，但现在分词用作宾语补语时，与前面的宾语构成复合宾语具有这种复合宾语的动词多为表示感觉的动词，如：smell,observe,watch,at,listen等。另外，有些使役动词如get,等可以后面接含有现在分词的复合宾语。2

还有作为宾语补语的现在分词有时前面可有前面的动词多用describe,see,thinkof等。现在分词用作主语补语，多用在被动结构中，与主语构成复合主语。而动名词作补语对相应的动词却没这些规定。1．动名词作补语Icallthisrobbingpay我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。（是宾语补语）upsidedown.这叫做把事物颠倒了。（turning是主语补语）2．现在分用作补语Wehimwaitingreceive我们发现他等着欢迎我们。Wethefireallthetime.我们使火一直燃烧着。Theymanasinitiativeand他们说这青年积极肯干。wasupstairs.有人看见他上楼。3

现在分和动名词练（）现在分1.Theoldfarmer,________thebadly-injuredandsoldier,cameofhouse,supporting;callingB.supportedby;calledC.by;calledD.supporting;2.---Oh,’salreadyquartersix.Whatshallwedoatthemeetingthisevening?----We’llgoonwiththematter________thisafternoon.beB.beingC.discussedD.which3.Themanhiswifenothinga________left;breakingB.leaving;C.left;D.to4.before,isoffailingintheexam.HavingworkedB.NottohaveworkedC.HavingworkedD.haveexam,boybyhisfather.NopassingB.HavingC.NotpassingD.Notpassed6.Ihaveitbetter.permitB.bepermittedpermittingD.topermit7.________,theboycouldn’tenterhishouse.SincekeyThebeenlostC.LostD.Havinglost8.storyisalltheworldnow.BeingtranslatedHavingC.TobetranslatedD.beentranslated9.________forterribleaccident,publicthemayornervousandwasatwhattodo.HavingC.BeingtobeblameD.Beingtoblame10.________fromheartforProfessorhastotakesomewithhimhegoes.SufferedB.ToC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered11.________fromwhathebethewhohasthecar.JudgingB.TojudgeD.Judge12.fright,hungryfoxhidinasmalltailtheTrembling;exposingB.Trembled;exposedC.Trembled;D.Trembling;13.wereatmeeting,4

B.beingC.toincludeD.14.werewiththeflags?----Agroup________itselftheofPeace.B.callingC.calledD.beingcalled15.________youshenothingTellB.C.ToD.Told16.Wesleptlight________allburntB.toburnC.beingD.17.Lindacanattendtheparty________atTom’shouseatpresentbecausesheispreparingaspeechtheparty________atMarie’shousetomorrow.beingtoheldB.toheld;C.held;beingheldD.tobetoheld18.Thesituationmore________thanever.I’m________aboutwhattodonext.puzzled;puzzledB.puzzling;puzzlingC.D.puzzled;puzzling19.When________itwasgettingIofflighttofindC.foundD.tofind20.________herfacelitup.B.HavingheardC.WhenhearingD.sheheard21.Daddydidn’tmindwewereaslongasweweretogether,_______fun.B.havetohaveD.22.Don'tleave_____whileyourteeth.B.C.runD.to23.Thepicture_________onthewallisbyA.havinghungC.hangsD.being24.Icouldn’tdohomeworkwithallthatnoise_______.goingonB.onwentonD.togoon25.______fromformillionsofhasnotfoundincountryintheA.BeingB.HavingC.HavingseparatedD.Tobe26.Acookwillimmediatelyfiredifhethekitchen.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.27.Hesentmean_______tofurtherinformation.hopedB.hopingC.toD.1-5.ACBCDCDDDCAADBC16-20DACBDDBBACBB5

（）

动名词1.laughingB.tolaughC.beinglaughedD.tobe2.Youmustdopreventhouse_______tobrokeninB.frominC.toinD.frombreakingin3.insistedchancetotry.givengivingbeinggivenD.tobegiven4.—mypassport?Iremember_______it—Youshouldn'thaveleftitwithalltoB.;takingC.putting;totakeD.to;taking5.Hishemusthaveit.B.C.painting;paintingD.painted;6.AfterfinishinghishewentlettertoA.writeB.writingD.towrite7.TheyoungweplantedlastgreatlookingafterB.tolookafterC.tobeafterD.goodcareof8.A.toC.learningabout;D.learningabout;9.ShereturnedtofindtheopenandA.missedB.tobeC.missingD.blemA.toD.study11.newspaperwhenyouA.puttingC.toputD.beput12.sheislookingforwardto_______fromme,letteronwaytoschool.B.hearing;topostheard;toposting13.Grandmathatshehadlotoftrouble_______yourhandwriting.A.toB.tosee14.Writingstoriesarticles_______whatIA.isC.wasD.were15.Weappreciate_______ustothemtoB.toinviteC.theirD.being6

16.youmind_______quietformoment?I'mtrying_______aform.keeping;fillingB.totofilloutC.fillD.tofilling17.Heafraid_______forbeingseeingB.ofbeingC.toseenD.tohave18.I'dliketosuggest_______themeetingtilltoputoffoffD.tobeoff19.IhowIworkfinish;helpingB.tofinish;C.finishing;helpingD.20.Anythingworth_______isworthybeingB.doing;C.tobedone;tobeD.tobedone;bein