基本专业知识桥梁工程第一章

BridgesintheWorld

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BridgesintheWorld

KintaiBridgeinJapan

ChapelBridgeinSwitzerland

始建于1333年

1993 火灾后重建

AqueductofSe iainSpain

RomanAlcantaraBridge

Spain,AD104～106

6孔半圆形石拱桥，最大跨度

28.2m，桥上有石拱门，桥面高出谷地53m

WorldHeritageBridge

ThePonteSant’AngeloBridgeinRome

建于公元134年， Tiber河

1688年，在栏杆柱上增加了10尊天使雕像

中间三孔为原桥，两边孔为后增

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BridgesintheWorld

Karlsbrucke(Charles)

Bridg

einBrague

Firstlytimberbridge

1403-1503,stonearchbridgewith16arches,spanofabout20m

Morethan30saintsculpturesonrailpost

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TwoarchbridgesinItaly

PonteVecchio（维希和）inFlorence,firstlybuiltin972inwoodbutdestroyedbyafloodin1117,redoneinstonebutcollapsedagainin1333.Thecurrentstructurebuiltin1345

3archeswithspanof29mandrise-spanratioof1/6

3-storeyjewellers'shopsonit

MenaiStraitBridgeinUK

Anoldsuspensionbridgewithcablesofchainbarsmadeofwroughtiron

Mainspanof177m,locatedatNorthWales,UK

Builtduring1820-26,

rehabilitatedin1940DesignbyThomasford

dgesintheWorld 9

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BridgesintheWorld

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LondonTowerBridge

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BridgesintheWorld

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FirthofForthBridge

Ikitsuki-OhashiBridge

EadsBridgeoverthe

MississippiatSt.Louis,USA

Firststeel(arch)bridgeintheworld

Built1867-1874

withcenterspanof158.80mUpperdeckfor

roadway,lower

levelfordouble-tracktrainuntil1974

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BridgesintheWorld

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Rio-NiteroiinBrazil

Thelongeststeelboxgirderbridgeintheworld

LocatedatGuanabaraBay,Rio

deJaneiro-Niteroi,Brazil

Mainspanof300m,totallengthof13900m

Completedin1972

NewRiverGorgeBridgeinUSA

SalginaBridge

KrkIIBridgeinformerYugoslavia

BendorfBridge

LocatedinGermany,acrossRhineRivernearKoblenz

Spansof71+208+71m,twoparallelsingleboxgirders

Hingeatthemiddleofthemainspan

Cantileverconstruction,atypicalexampleforbalancedcantileverconcretinginearlystage

Completedin1964

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GatewayBridgeinAustralia

RaftsundetBridgeinNorway

Highwayprestressedconcretecontinuousframebridge

Span:86+202+298+125m

Lightweightconcreteusedinthemiddlespan

2011-3-Completedin1998 BridgesintheWorld 20

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NormandyBridgeinFrance

TataraBridgeinJapan

MaracaiboBridgeinVenezuela

SkarnsundetBridgeinNorway

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Rion-AntirionBridgeinGreece

四塔，主跨560m，2004

BrooklynBridgeinUSA

GeorgeWashingtonBridge,NY

GoldenGateBridgeinUSA

ForthHighwayBridgeinUK

主跨1005.8m，1964年

GreatBaltBridgeinDenmark

主跨1624m，1998年

AkashiKaikyoBridgeinJapan

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BridgesintheWorld

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桥梁建设的基本目标

概括地讲，桥梁建设的基本目标是安全、适用、经济、美观。围绕这一基本目标，桥梁技术的发展应表现在：桥梁具有较大的跨越能力和承载能力；车辆能安全运行于桥上并使旅客有舒适感；讲求经济效益，力图降低造价（按经济规律办事，在跨度上不盲目追求攀比）；考虑结构与环境的协调。

技术先进、安全可靠、适用耐久、经济合理

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