西昌学院跨文化复习资料

Unit1CultureBehindLanguage请同学们认真学习教材第一章谚语部分P17-18.FillinBlanksDirections:Chooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillintheblanksineachofthesentences.a.Cultureb.Subgroupc.Culturalidentityd.Subculture_Aisthedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,hierarchies,religions,notionsoftime,roles,spatialrelations,conceptsoftheuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving.__D__referstoaculturethatexistswithindominantculture,andisoftenbasedoneconomicorsocialclass,ethnicity,race,orgeographicregion.__B__,usuallydoesnotinvolvethesamelargenumberofpeopleandisnotnecessarilythoughtofasaccumulatingvaluesandpatternsovergenerationsinthesamewayasculturedo.?C_referstoone'ssenseofbelongingtoparticularcultureorethnicgroup..TrueorFalseQuestions:Directions:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtowhathasbeenlearnedinthischapter.T_Theicebergmodelofcultureimpliesitisverydifficulttounderstandaculturethoroughly.__F_Cultureisinnateassoonaspersonisborn.__T__Peoplemaysometimesgettermconfusedabouthisorherculturalidentity._FScholarspreferthetermsubculturetoco-cultureindescribingaculturewhichexistswithinadominateculture.TApersoncouldbeamemberofseveraldifferentsubgroupsatthesametime.Translation:Directions:PutthefollowingproverbsintoChinese⑴&Discontentisthefirststeponprogress.不知足是前进的第一步(2)⑶Workwhileyouwork,playwhileyouplay.工作时工作，玩耍时玩耍⑷Welldoneisbetterthanwellsaid说得好不如做得好⑸Lifeisbutacandlebeforethewind.人生好比风中烛最大的恐惧是恐惧本身时间一去不复返最大的恐惧是恐惧本身时间一去不复返Thereisnothingtofearbutfearitself.最大的恐惧是恐惧本身时间一去不复返最大的恐惧是恐惧本身时间一去不复返Timelostcannotbewornagain.Keystoassessment:.(1)a⑵d⑶b⑷c.⑴T(2)F(3)T(4)F(5)T.⑴不知足是前进的第一步。⑵工作时工作，玩耍时玩耍。⑶说得好不如做得好。⑷人生好比风中烛。最大的恐惧是恐惧本身。时间一去不复返。请讲解第一章谚语并进行相应复习。Unit2CommunicatingInterculturally请老师们讲解教材P38-41页练习题FillinBlanks[Directions:Chooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillintheblanksineachofthesentences.a.Channelb.Senderc.Receiverd.InterculturalCommunication.Breferstothepersonwhotransmitsamessage..A(sometimescalledthemedium)isthemethodusedtodeliveramessage..Cisanypersonwhonoticesandgivessomemeaningtoamessage..Discommunicationbetweenpeoplewhoseculturalperceptionandsymbolsystemaredistinctenoughtoalterthecommunicationevent.TrueorFalseQuestionsDirections:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orFalse(F)accordingtowhathasbeenlearntinthischapter.、.Fintraculturalcommunicationoccurswhenthesenderandthereceiverfromdifferentracesexchangemessages..TCommunicationandcultureareinseparableandstronglyconnected..FThesendermustchoosecertainwordsornonverbalmethodstosendanintentionalactivityiscalleddecoding.FTheprocessofcommunicationhasninecomponents:sender,encoding,message,channel,noise,receiver,decoding,feedback,andcontext.CaseanalysisWeandThey--RudyardKiplingFather,Mother,andMe,SisterandAuntiesay/AllthepeoplelikeusareWe,AndeveryoneelseisThey.Wehavedoorsthatlatch.TheydrinkmilkandbloodUnderanopenthatch.Wehave'doctorstofee.AndTheyliveovertheseaWhileweliveovertheway,But-wouldyoubelieveit-TheylookuponWeAsonlyasortofThey!WeeatporkandbeefWithcow-horn-handledknives.TheywhogobbleTheirriceoffaleafAArehorrifiedoutTheirlives;WhileTheywholiveupatree,Feastongrubsandclay,(Isn'titscandalous)LookuponWeAsasimpledisgustingThey!Weeatkitchenfood.TheyhaveWizardstopay.And(impudentheathen!)TheyLookuponWeAsaquiteimpossibleThey!Allgoodpeopleagree,Andallgoodpeoplesay,Allnicepeople,likeus,areWeAndeveryoneelseisThey:Butifyoucrossover'thesea,Insteadofovertheway,Youmayendby(thinkofit!)lookingonWeAsonlysortofThey!Answerthefollowingquestions:Whodoyouthink"We”and"They”refertointhispoemCompareandcontrast"We”and"They”.Whatdoesthepoetwanttotellusabouttheworld、答案：1.b2.a1.F2.T1."We”herereferstopeoplewhoarethesamerace/nationalities;"They”referstopeoplewhoarenotthesamewith"We”，and"They”arethedifferentraces"We”eatporkandbeefwithcow-horn-handledknives,eatkitchenyfood,havedoorsthatlacth"They”whogobbletheirriceoffaleaf,drinkmilkandblood.poetwantstotellusthat"we”and"They”shouldknoweachothermore,andavoidsomeculturebarrierstohaveeffectiveinterculturalcommunication.《跨文化沟通》P41-42作为参考范围，详情请参考书籍。Unit3BarriersinInterculturalcommunicationNonverbalcommunicationRacismStereotypingNonverbalcommunicationEthnocentrismreferstonegativelyjudgingaspectsofanotherculturebythestandardsofone’sownculture._Prejudice__referstotheirrationaldislike,suspicion,orhatredofaparticulargroup,race,religion,munication__isthestudyofnonverbalcommunicationsentbytheeyes.anypolicy,practice,belief,orattitudethatattributescharacteristicsorstatustoindividualsbasedontheirrace.isusedtorefertonegativeorpositivejudgmentsmadeaboutindividualsbasedonanyobservableorbelievedgroupmembership.ethnocentrism3.nonverbalcommunicationTrueorFalseQuestionsTThepsychologicalfiltersrefertothepsychologicalfactors,includingtheattitudes,beliefs,anddispositionsoftheindividual.TEthnocentrism,stereotyping,prejudiceandracismarelearned.¥TAlthoughstereotypesareconsideredasbeingnegativejudgments,theycanalsobepositive.TWhencommunicatingwithpeoplefromothercultures,anindividualsometimesislikelytotreatthemas〃hispeople〃andtoassumethereisonlyonewayofdoingthings:thatis〃hisway”.FAssumptionofsuperioritymayleadtoassumingsimilarityinsteadofdifference.答案：1-5TTTTFTAbigdinnerwasarrangedbyHongandheruniversitytowelcomeJoe.T提示：case20FAttheendofthevisitJoetreatedHongandtheChairoftheDepartmenttodinnertothankthem.F提示：case20THongdidn’trealizethatherarrangementmadeJoefeellikeaprisoner.T提示：case20TJoehasaChinesefriendwhoisworkinginaChineseuniversity.T提示：case20TWhencommunicatingwithpeoplefromothercultures,anindividualsometimesislikelytotreatthemas"hispeople"andtoassumethereisonlyonewayofdoingthings:thatis"hisway".T提示：EthnocentrismFJoewouldliketohavesometimetoexplorethecityandthearea,andtheitinerarywouldleavehimsomefreetime.F-FAttheendofthevisitJoetreatedHongandtheChairoftheDepartmenttodinnertothankthem.FTJoefeltannoyedbecausealltheplansweremadewithoutconsultinghim.T答案6-13TFTTTFFT（该部分判断题的案例来自于参考教材第四章P104case20ChineseHospitality--Overdone）II.MultipleChoiceQuestionsAnxietyhappensoutofbeingafraidoffailureincommunicationevents,whilehappenswhenweareunabletopredictothers'ideasandbehaviors.prejudiceracismuncertaintyAstereotype提示：anxietyandcertainty,dealswithhowwellacceptedorwellknowncertainstereotypesarewithinacommunity.DirectionIntensitySpecificityConsensus提示：Stereotyping3.isthestateoffeelingnervous,whichcanaffectcommunicationwhenonefocusessomuchonhisownfeelings.Ambiguity《AnxietyUncertaintyPrejudice提示：anxietyandcertaintyWhenyoudiscloseyourpersonalinformationtoyourcounterpart,hopingtheyfeelobligedtorevealsomethingequallyimportantaboutthemselvestous,youareusingthestrategy.activepassiveinteractiveAlloftheabove.提示：strategiestoovercomeanxietyanduncertainty,cantakemanyforms,includingirrationalfeelingsofdislikeandevenhatredforcertaingroups,biasedperceptionsandbeliefsaboutthegroupmembers.EthnocentricattitudeStereotypedattitudePrejudicedattitudeRacialattitude提示：Prejudice,Anxietyhappensoutofbeingafraidoffailureincommunicationevents,whilehappenswhenweareunabletopredictothers’ideasandbehaviors.prejudiceracismuncertainty】stereotype提示：anxietyandcertainty,WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforthepersistenceofethnocentrism,stereotyping,prejudiceandracismSocialization.Economicbenefits.Psychologicalbenefits.Acculturation.提示：reasonsforthepersistenceofethnocentrismreferstotheideathatpeoplecomingfromanotherculturearemoresimilartoyouthantheyactuallyareorthatanotherperson'ssituationismoresimilartoyoursthanitactuallyis.Anxiety~UncertaintyStereotypeAssumingsimilarityinsteadofdifference提示：AssumingSimilarityInsteadofDifferenceSectionD.填空题Directions:Chooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillintheblanksineachofthesentences.a.Racismb.Stereotypingc.Prejudiced.EthnocentrismDreferstonegativelyjudgingaspectsofanotherculturebythestandardsofone'sownculture.。Creferstotheirrationaldislike,suspicion,orhatredofaparticulargroup,race,religion,orsexualorientation.Aisanypolicy,practice,belief,orattitudethatattributescharacteristicsorstatustoindividualsbasedontheirrace.Bisusedtorefertonegativeorpositivejudgmentsmadeaboutindividualsbasedonanyobservableorbelievedgroupmembership..SectionE.翻译题A.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseorEnglish.Payattentiontothewordsinboldface.提示:Lackofvocabuaryequivalence1.Heisgreen-eyed他眼红/妒忌别人。Sheturnedwhitewithfear.他因恐惧而发狂。Tomgavemeablacklook.汤姆恶狠狠地冲我瞪了一眼Hebecamepurplewithrage.他脸色气得发紫/铁青。}B.TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoEnglish.Payattentiontothequantifiers.一连串络绎不绝的访问者acontinuous/endlessstreamofvisitors一队骆驼aprocessionofcamels一群鱼ashoaloffish一群蜜蜂aswarmofbees一群鸟aflockofbirdsUnit7CmmunicatingNoverballya.Proxemicsb.Chronemicsc.Kinesicsd.verbalcommunicatione.Oculesics~Dreferstothemessagessentwithoutusingwords.Eisthestudyofnonverbalcommunicationsentbytheeyes.Aisthewayweusefixedspaceandpersonalspace.Cincludesgestures,bodymovementandfacialexpressions.Bisthestudyofhowpeopleperceiveandusetime.d,e,a,c,bTrueorFalseQuestionsDirection;decidewhetherthefollowingstatementaretrue(T)or(F)accordingtowhathasbeenlearntinthischapter.FSpeakingistheonlymodeofeffectivecommunication.FTheThaisliketotouchbabiesorsmallchildren,especiallytheylikeotherstopattheirchildren'shead.…TSaudiArabsbelongtotouchculture.TTheappropriatenessofeyecontactvarieswithdifferentcultures.TParalanguagemayimplythecommunicationoftheactualwords.(F,F,T,T,T)functionsofnonverbalcommunication:.repeating,complementing,substituting,regulating,contradictingconsiderthevariousmeaningsofawideningofeyes(见第四章PPT)Chapter6IISIonverbalInterculturdCommi_inic：Qtion3IntentionSignificanceCultureBritishAngerChallengeCal!torhelpPersua^iiKi案例参考题intcrcuituralcoiiirniJiiiicatiori.Likeotliernonvcrtaalsignals,ovulesicbchaviiiriarctultiir-illy3IntentionSignificanceCultureBritishAngerChallengeCal!torhelpPersua^iiKi案例参考题intcrcuituralcoiiirniJiiiicatiori.Likeotliernonvcrtaalsignals,ovulesicbchaviiiriarctultiir-illylii，iihcirmcaiiiJig-Tdillustrate,considerthevairiousmeaningsofawideningot1代皓巴四&跨文化沟通案例分析参考Ickm'thclieveyou!Idon'tunderstandlUmhmocenttExplainthesentenceinyourownwordsandthenanalyzeit.SomepeopleoftensaytoAmericans---YouAmericansdonotevenknowwhoyourgrandfatheris!提示：从美国成立比较晚，历史短。Richard,anengineerfromtheUnitedStates,wasinvitedtotaketeawithoneofhisBritishcolleagueswhilehewasinEngland.Thiswasapurelysocial,relaxedoccasion.Teawasservedalongwithsugarandcream.Ashehelpedhimselftosomesugarandcream,hesensedhehaddonesomethingwrong.Canyoutellwhatwentwrong提示：tobeaguest与helpyourself的区另UAyoungChineseofficer,togetherwithhiswife,wasmeetinganAmericanconsultantatanairport.Afterphaticcommun