新编英语教程第三件

新编英语教程第三件第1页/共203页MovieClipQuotesLeanin-main第2页/共203页MovieClipMovieClipWatchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.Questions:Shedoesn’tallowthemtousecellphonesinclass.Inherwords,shehaszerotoleranceforcellphonesinclass.1.WhatattitudedoesMissDarbusholdtowardsstudents’useofcellphonesinherclass?第3页/共203页Script3Shewillseethemindetention.2.HowdoesMissDarbuspunishthestudentsusingcellphonesinclass?第4页/共203页Script3Fromtheperspectiveofastudent,doyouthinkteachersshouldallowstudentstousemobilephonesinclass?Whyorwhynot?Haveadiscussionwithyourpartner.Discussion:第5页/共203页MovieClipvideoScript第6页/共203页-MissDarbus?-Doyourememberthenightbefore?-No,notatall.AllIrememberislike,pinkjelly,I...-Excuseme.-Ooh!-Hi,Troy.-Hi.-Itrustyouallhadsplendidholidays.Checkthesign-upsheetsinthelobbyfornewactivities,Mr.Bolton,especiallyourwintermusicale.Wewillhavesinglesauditionsforoursupportingroles…Script1第7页/共203页-YouOK?-Yeah.-...andpairsauditionsforourtwoleads.-Pfft.-Mr.Danforth,thisisaplaceoflearning,notahockeyarena.Thereisalsoafinalsign-upfornextweek’sscholasticdecathloncompetition.ChemClubpresidentTaylorMcHesseycananswerallofyourquestionsaboutthat.Ah,thecellphonemenacehasreturnedtoourcrucibleoflearning.-Isityourphone?Script2第8页/共203页-SharpayandRyan,cellphones,Iwillseeyouindetention.-Ahh!-Wehavezerotoleranceforcellphonesinclass,sowewillgettoknoweachotherindetention.Cellphone.AndwelcometoEastHigh,MissMontez.Mr.Bolton,Iseeyourphoneisinvolved,Sowewillseeyouindetentionaswell.-That’snotapossibility,MissDarbus,YourHonor,see,becausewehavebasketballpractice,andTroy...-Ah,thatwillbe15minutesforyoutoo,Mr.,Danforth,Countthem.Script2第9页/共203页-CouldbetoughforChad.Hecan’tcountthathigh,-TaylorMcHessey,15minutes.Shallthecarnagecontinue?Holidaysareover,people,wayover!Now,anymorecomments,questions?-Jason.-Sohowwereyourholidays,MissDarbus?-What?Script2(FromthemovieHighSchoolMusical)第10页/共203页QuotesInspirationalQuoteReadthefollowingquotesandtellyourclassmateswhichoneisyourfavorite.Stateyourreasons.Thetelephoneisthegreatestsingleenemyofscholarship,forwhatourintellectualforebearsusedtoinscribeininknowgoesonceoverawireintopermanentoblivion.—Stephen

JayGould第11页/共203页InspirationalQuoteThereissomethingaboutsaying“Ok”andhangingupthereceiverwithabangthatkidsamanintofeelingthathehasjustpulledoffabigdeal,evenifhehasonlycalledthetelephonecompanytofindoutthecorrecttime.—RobertBenchleyMiddleageiswhenyou’resittingathomeonaSaturdaynightandthetelephoneringsandyouhopeitisn’tforyou.—Ogden

Nash第12页/共203页Script3Utilityiswhenyouhaveonetelephone,luxuryiswhenyouhavetwo,opulenceiswhenyouhavethree—andparadiseiswhenyouhavenone.—DougLarsonThetelephoneisagoodwaytotalktopeoplewithouthavingtoofferthemadrink.—FranLebowitzTechnologyisaqueerthing.Itbringsyougreatgiftswithonehand,anditstabsyouinthebackwiththeother.—CarrieP.Snow第13页/共203页Script3Ithinkthetechnologyhasallowedustodoamuchbetterjobofdefiningwherethehazardsare,wherethestrongshakingmaybe,wherethebadgroundis.—DavidSchwartzTherearenomoralsabouttechnologyatall.Technologyexpandsourwaysofthinkingaboutthings,expandsourwaysofdoingthings.Ifwe’rebadpeopleweusetechnologyforbadpurposesandifwe’regoodpeopleweuseitforgoodpurposes.—HerbertSimon第14页/共203页SpeakingPracticeLanguageStructurePractice-mainNotesListening第15页/共203页1.Motorola—(美国摩托罗拉公司)amultinationaltelecommunicationscompanybasedinIllinois,US.Itwassplitintotwoindependentpubliccompanies,MotorolaMobilityandMotorolaSolutionsonJanuary4,2011.2.ArrayCommInc.—(美国爱瑞通信公司)aprivately-heldUScompanyincorporatedinApril1992andco-foundedbywirelessindustrypioneerMartinCooper.ItisaworldleaderinMulti-AntennaSignalprocessing.LanguageStructuresNotes第16页/共203页LSPI3.incarnation—(inChristianity)theactofGodbecomingamaninJesus.Thewordcanalsobeusedasacommonnountomeanthatsomethingunrealorimaginaryprominentlydisplaysaparticularqualityorform.4.subscriber—personwhoagreestobuy(anewspaper,aperiodical,etc.)regularlyoveraperiodoftimeorpersonwhorentsatelephone.Pleaseguesswhatthiswordmeansinthelisteningpassage.第17页/共203页LSPI5.adaptiveantenna—(自适应天线)atypeofsmartantenna.Itis“smart”becauseitimprovesonthetraditionalantennabyadjustingfortrafficpatternsatagiventimetoincreasesignalstrengthandquality.6.address—directone’sattentionto(aproblem)ortacklesth.7.unleashed—unlimitedorunrestricted第18页/共203页Itcausedafundamentaltechnologyandcommunicationsmarketshifttowardthepersonandawayfromtheplace.ListeningListentotherecordingandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhatisthesignificanceofthefirstcallplacedbyMartinCoopertohisrival?Script第19页/共203页TheportablecellphonemadeitspublicdemonstrationonApril3,1973.ThenCooperspenttenyearsinbringingittomarket.PreparatoryQuestionsPeopledemandthefreedomtocommunicatewherevertheyare,unrestrictedbytheinfamouscooperwire.2.AccordingtoCooper,whatkindoffreedomdopeopledemandintalkingtootherpeople?3.Howhastheportablecellphonedevelopedtotoday’smobilephones?第20页/共203页PreparatoryQuestions4.Canyouexplainthefollowingsentenceinyourownwords?

“ThistechnologyaddresseswhatCoopercalls‘theunfulfilledpromise’ofcellular,whichshouldbe,butstillisn’tasreliableoraffordableaswiredtelephony.”Thetechnologyhassolvedcellular’slong-existingproblem,inCooper’swords,theunkeptpromisethatcellularshouldbeastrustworthyandcheapaswiredtelephony.第21页/共203页PreparatoryQuestionsItincreasesthecapacityandcoverageofanycellularsystem,significantlylowerscostsandmakesspeechmorereliable.5.WhathastheadaptiveantennatechnologycontributedtotheInternetusers?第22页/共203页MartinCooperandtheCellPhoneApril3,2003markedthe30thanniversaryofthefirstpublictelephonecallplacedonaportablecellularphone.MartinCooperplacedthatcallasgeneralmanagerofMotorola’sCommunicationsSystemsDivision.Itwastheincarnationofhisvisionforpersonalwirelesscommunications,distinctfromcellularcarphones.Thatfirstcallcausedafundamentaltechnologyandcommunicationsmarketshifttowardthepersonandawayfromtheplace.MartinCooperexplainedhisthinkingandsaid,“Peoplewanttotalktootherpeople—notahouse,oranoffice,oracar.Givenachoice,peoplewilldemandthefreedomtocommunicatewherevertheyare,unrestrictedbytheinfamouscopperwire.Itisthatfreedom第23页/共203页PreparatoryQuestionswesoughttovividlydemonstratein1973.AsIwalkeddownthestreetwhiletalkingonthephone,sophisticatedNewYorkersgapedatthesightofsomeoneactuallymovingaroundwhilemakingaphonecall.Rememberthatin1973,thereweren’tcordlesstelephones,letalonecellularphones.Imadenumerouscalls,includingonewhereIcrossedthestreetwhiletalkingtoaNewYorkradioreporter—probablyoneofthemoredangerousthingsIhaveeverdoneinmylife.”FollowingtheApril3,1973publicdemonstration,usinga“brick”-like30-ouncephone,Cooperstartedthe10-yearprocessofbringingtheportablecellphonetomarket.Motorolaintroducedthe16-ouncephoneintocommercialservicein1983,witheachphone第24页/共203页costingtheconsumer$3,500.IttooksevenadditionalyearsbeforetherewereamillionsubscribersintheUnitedStates.Today,therearemorecellularsubscribersthanwire-linephonesubscribersintheworld,withmobilephonesweighingaslittleas3ounces.MartinCooper’sroleinconceivinganddevelopingthefirstportablecellularphonedirectlyimpactedhischoicetofoundandleadArrayComm,awirelesstechnologyandsystemscompanyfoundedin1992.ArrayComm’scoreadaptiveantennatechnologyincreasesthecapacityandcoverageofanycellularsystem,whilesignificantlyloweringcostsandmakingspeechmorereliable.ThistechnologyaddresseswhatCoopercalls“theunfulfilledpromise”ofcellular,whichshouldbe,butstillisn’tasreliableoraffordableaswiredtelephony.PreparatoryQuestions第25页/共203页PreparatoryQuestionsArrayCommhasalsousedthistechnologytomaketheInternet“personal”bycreatingapersonalbroadbandsystem,whichdelivershigh-speed,mobileInternetaccessthatconsumerscanafford.MartinCooperhadthistosayonthechangestakingplace:“It’sveryexcitingtobepartofamovementtowardmakingbroadbandavailabletopeoplewiththesamefreedomtobeanywherethattheyhaveforvoicecommunicationstoday.PeoplerelyheavilyontheInternetfortheirwork,entertainmentandcommunication,buttheyneedtobeunleashed.”第26页/共203页LSPISpeakingPractice1.Giveanoralpresentationonthesummaryofthemainpointsofthelisteningpassage.ForyourreferenceThekeypoints:-MartinCooperandthefirstpublictelephonecallplacedonaportablecellularphone-MartinCooperexplaininghisthinking第27页/共203页LSPIForyourreference-thedevelopmentoftheportablecellphonetotoday’smobilephones-MartinCooperandArrayComm’scoreadaptiveantennatechnology-ArrayCommmakingtheInternet“personal”andMartinCooper’scomment第28页/共203页LSPI2.Discussandcommentontheeffectivenessofeachother’soralpresentation.3.Workinpairsandtaketurnstoaskandgiveanswersaboutthefollowingtopics:a.Howimportantaremobilephonestoourlife?b.Whatarethebadthingsabouthavingamobilephone?c.WhatdoyouthinkofmobileInternet?第29页/共203页CommentsontheTextExercisesDialogue-mainTextIPre-ReadingQuestionsGeneralReadingBackgroundNotesText第30页/共203页Dialogue-mainTextIITextComprehension第31页/共203页Questionsonspecificdetails1Pre-ReadingQuestionsThinkaboutthefollowingquestionsbeforeyoureadthetext.Yes,itdoes.Asarule,anytimethetelephonerings,weanswerit.1.Doesthetitleofthetextstrikeyouasunusual?Wouldyoubeinclinednottoansweratelephonecallatanytime?第32页/共203页Yes.Thetitlesuggeststhatthewriterisexpressinghisopinionaboutnotansweringthetelephone.Someofhisopinionsmaybesharedbyothersbutsomeofhisopinionsmaynot.Sothispassagemaywellbeanargument.Titlesbeginningwiththeprepositiononareusuallytitlesofargumentativewriting,e.g.,OnSmoking,OnGambling,OnHygiene.Questionsonspecificdetails12.Doesthetitletellyouwhatkindofwritingthepassageis,anarrativeoranargument?第33页/共203页Perhapsitisthewriter’sintentiontotellusthatsomepeople,includinghimself,arejustifiedinnotansweringthetelephonebypresentingsomeofhisreasons.Questionsonspecificdetails13.Whatdoyouthinkisthewriter’sintentioninwritingthisarticle?Ishecommentingonsomepeople’sunwillingnesstoanswerthetelephoneorishehimselfgivingsomereasonsfornotansweringthetelephone?第34页/共203页Questionsonspecificdetails14.Canyouimaginesomeofthethingsthewritermightmentioninhisarticle?Thisisanopenquestion.Youmaydiscussthequestionwithyourclassmates.第35页/共203页Questionsonspecificdetails1GeneralReadingGooverthetextrapidlyonceandthendecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupthecontent._________1.Itisnotnecessarytohaveatelephonebecauseillnewstravelsjustasfastasgoodnews.2.Thewriterstateshisreasonsfornothavingatelephone.3.Thewriterdoesnotlikethetelephoneatall.√第36页/共203页Questionsonspecificdetails1BackgroundNotespublictelephoneboxApublictelephoneboxisasmallstructurefurnishedwithapayphone.Todaypublictelephoneboxesbecomefewerandfewerlargelyduetotheincreasedusageofmobilephones.第37页/共203页Questionsonspecificdetails12.theBible第38页/共203页TheBibleistheaccountofGod’sactionintheworldandhispurposewithallcreation.ThewritingoftheBibletookplaceoversixteencenturiesandistheworkofoverfortyhumanauthors.Itisaquiteamazingcollectionof66bookswithverydifferentstyles.Thiscompilationofbookletscontainsanastonishingvarietyofliterarystyles.Itprovidesmanystoriesaboutthelivesofgoodandbadpeople,aboutbattlesandjourneys,aboutthelifeofJesusalongwithletterswrittentogroupsofChristiansthatmetinhomes.Questionsonspecificdetails1第39页/共203页Dialogue-Text1OnNotAnsweringtheTelephoneIf,attheendofaconversationsomebodysaystome,“AssoonasIknow,I’llringyouup”,heistakingtoomuchforgranted.Heisproposingtoattempttheimpossible.SoIhavetosay,“I’mafraidyoucan’t.Yousee,I’mnotonthetelephone.Ijusthaven’tgotatelephone.”第40页/共203页Dialogue-Text2

Whydon’tIhaveatelephone?NotbecauseIpretendtobewiseorposeasunusual.Therearetwochiefreasons:becauseIdon’treallylikethetelephoneandbecauseIfindIcanstillworkandplay,eat,breatheandsleepwithoutit.Whydon’tIlikethetelephone?BecauseIthinkitisapestandatime-waster.Itmaycreateunnecessarysuspenseandanxiety,aswhenyouwaitforanexpectedcallthatdoesn’tcome;orirritatingdelay,aswhenyoukeepringinganumberthatisalwaysengaged.第41页/共203页Asforspeakinginapublictelephonebox,thatseemstomereallyhorrible.Youwouldnotuseitunlessyouwereinahurry,andbecauseyouareinahurryyouwillfindotherpeoplewaitingbeforeyou.Whenyoudogetintothebox,youarehalfasphyxiatedbystale,unventilatedair,flavouredwithcheapface-powderandchain-smoking;andbythetimeyouhavebegunyourconversationyourbackischilledbythecoldlooksofsomebodywhoisfidgetingtotakeyourplace.Dialogue-Text3第42页/共203页Ifyouhaveatelephoneinyourownhouse,youwilladmitthatittendstoringwhenyouleastwantittoring;whenyouareasleep,orinthemiddleofamealoraconversation,orwhenyouarejustgoingout,orwhenyouareinyourbath.Areyoustrong-mindedenoughtoignoreit,tosaytoyourself,“Ah,well,itwillallbethesameinahundredyears’time”?Youarenot.Youthinktheremaybesomeimportantnewsormessageforyou.Haveyouneverrusheddrippingfromthebath,orchewingfromthetable,ordazedfromthebed,onlytobetoldthatyouareawrongnumber?Dialogue-Text4第43页/共203页Dialogue-Text5Supposeyouignorethetelephonewhenitrings,andsupposethat,foronce,somebodyhasanimportantmessageforyou.Icanassureyouthatifamessageisreallyimportantitwillreachyousoonerorlater.Thinkoftheproverb:“Illnewstravelsapace.”Imustsaygoodnewsseemstotraveljustasfast.Andthinkofthesaying:“Thetruthwillout.”Itwill.第44页/共203页Dialogue-Text6Perhaps,whenyoutakeoffthereceiver,yougiveyournumberoryourname.Butyoudon’tevenknowwhomyouaregivingitto!Perhapsyouhavebeenindiscreetenoughtohaveyournameandnumberprintedinthetelephonedirectory,abookwithalargecirculation,asuccessfulbooksooftenreprintedastomakeanyauthorenvious,

abookmoreinevidencethanShakespeareortheBible,andfoundinallsortsofprivateandpublicplaces.第45页/共203页Dialogue-Text7Itservesyouright

ifyoufinditimpossibletoescapefromsomeidleorinquisitivechatterbox,orfromsomebodywhowantssomethingfornothing,orfromsomereporterbentonquestioningyouaboutyourownaffairsorabouttheprivatelifeofsomefriendwhohasjustelopedormetwithafatalaccident.第46页/共203页Dialogue-Text8But,youwillsay,youneednothaveyournameprintedinthetelephonedirectory,andyoucanhaveatelephonewhichisonlyusableforoutgoingcalls.Besides,youwillsay,isn’titimportanttohaveatelephoneincaseofsuddenemergency—illness,accidentorfire?Ofcourse,youareright,buthereinathicklypopulatedcountrylikeEnglandoneisseldomfarfromatelephoneincaseofdreadfulnecessity.第47页/共203页Dialogue-Text8

Isthereanyconclusiontobedrawnfrommyobstinacyandwilfulness,myescapism,ifyouliketocallitthat?IthinkperhapsIhadbettertrytojustifymyselfbytryingtoprovethatwhatIlikeisgood.AtleastIhaveprovedtomyselfthatwhatmanypeoplethinknecessaryisnotnecessaryatall.Iadmitthatindifferentcircumstances—ifIwereatycoon,forinstance,orbed-ridden,Imightfindatelephoneessential.ButthenifIwereasecretaryortaxi-driverIshouldfindatypewriteroracaressential.第48页/共203页Dialogue-Text9Letmeputitanotherway:therearetwothingsforwhichtheEnglishseemtoshowparticularaptitude:oneismechanicalinvention,theotherisliterature.MyownbusinesshappenstobewiththeuseofwordsbutIseeImustnowstopusingthem.Ihavejustbeenhandedaslipofpapertosaythatsomebodyiswaitingtospeaktomeonthetelephone.IthinkIhadbetteranswerit.Afterall,oneneverknows,itmaybesomethingimportant.ByWilliamPlomer(abridged)第49页/共203页ringsb.upringsb.up:callsomeoneonthetelephonee.g.:IwillringherupwhenIreachhomeafterthelongjourney.Whenisthebesttimetoringyouup?第50页/共203页takesth.forgrantedtakesth.forgranted:expectsomethingtobeavailableallthetimeandforgetthatitisluckytohaveite.g.:Todayyoungpeopletakesomanythingsforgrantedinthiscountry—likehavinghotwaterwhenevertheyneedit.Wetakeitforgrantedthatourchildrenwillbebetteroffthanweare.第51页/共203页proposepropose:

v.suggestsomethingasaplanorcourseofactione.g.:Thegovernmentisabouttoproposesomechangestosomeinstitutionssoon.Itwasaharddecisionforthepresidenttoproposethepackagesolution.第52页/共203页attemptattempt:

v.trytodosomething,especiallysomethingdifficulte.g.:Inthisarticletheauthorattemptstoexplainwhatleduptothewar.TheonlytimethattheyattemptedtodosomethinglikethatwasinthecityofNewYork.第53页/共203页posepose:v.behaveinaninsincereorexaggeratedwaytomakeaparticularimpressiononotherpeoplee.g.:Hecriticizedthemfordressingoutrageouslyandposingpretentiously.Shelovestoposewhenmenarearound.第54页/共203页pestpest:

n.anannoyingthingorpersone.g.:Tellthatboytostayawayfromhere.Heissuchapest.Thatchildisanabsolutepest.Hekeepsringingthedoorbellandthenrunningaway.第55页/共203页e.g.:Comeonthen,tellmewhathappened;thesuspenseiskillingme.Thepatient’sparentswaitedingreatsuspenseforthedoctor’sopinion.suspensesuspense:

n.afeelingorstateofexcitementoranxietyaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappenverysoon第56页/共203页irritatingirritating:

a.annoyinge.g.:ShetoldmethatTomwasthemostirritatingmanshehadevermet.Students’habitualtardinessisirritatingtotheirteachers.第57页/共203页engagedengaged:

a.(atelephoneoratelephoneline)alreadybeingusedbysomeoneelsesothatthepersononeisphoningcannotbereachede.g.:Itriedtocallyoubackbutyouwereengaged.Thenumberisengagedatthemoment.Tryagaininfiveminutes.第58页/共203页horriblehorrible:

a.veryunpleasantandoftenfrightening,worrying,orupsettinge.g.:Ihaveahorriblefeelingthatwe’regoingtomisstheplane.Augustissohorriblethatevendedicatedpsychiatristsabandonpostsandpatientsfortheentiremonth.第59页/共203页asphyxiateasphyxiate:

v.preventsomeonefrombreathingnormally,usuallysothattheydiee.g.:Itwasreportedthatanoldmandiedinhisbath,asphyxiatedbythefumesfromagaswater-heater.Unfortunately,allthepeopleworkinginthecoalminewereasphyxiatedbythebadgas.第60页/共203页stalestale:

a.(air)notfreshorpleasant,(food)nolongerfreshorgoodtoeate.g.:Ididthistoremovethehorriblestalecigarettesmellfromourcar—the

previousownerssmokedheavilyinit.Theownerofthebakeryhadtoemptysacksofstaleryebreadintothevat.第61页/共203页unventilatedunventilated:

a.nofreshairgettinginto(aroomorbuilding)e.g.:Thatexplosionwassetoffbyanaccumulationofgasinanunventilatedtunnel.Sheaskedmetowearprotectiveglovesandneverusecleaningproductsinanunventilatedarea.第62页/共203页chillchill:

v.makesb.feelverycold;suddenlyfrightensomeone,especiallybyseemingverycruelorviolente.g.:SoonafterIsatonthemarbleseatinthewintrygarden,itwasbeginningtochillme.Theangerinhisfacechilledher.第63页/共203页fidgetfidget:

v.keepmovingone’shandsorfeet,especiallybecauseheorsheisboredornervouse.g.:Onemythpeoplebelieveisthatwefidgetmorewhenwelie.Actually,theoppositeistrue.Peopledon’tactuallyfidgetorlookawaywhenthey’relying.第64页/共203页strong-mindedstrong-minded:a.noteasilyinfluencedbyotherpeopletochangewhatyoubelieveorwant[=determined]e.g.:Heissostrong-mindedthatnothingcanbringhimtohisknees.Thestrong-mindedrarelyfollowthecrowd.第65页/共203页dazeddazed:

a.unabletothinkclearly,especiallybecauseofashock,accident,etc.e.g.:AttheendofthelonginterviewIwasdazedandexhausted.Thefrightenedgirllookeddazedandremainedspeechlessfortherestoftheday.第66页/共203页apaceapace:

ad.happeningquicklye.g.:Thebusinesshasbeengrowingapaceforthelastyear.Ifredthesunbeginshisrace,expectthatrainwillflowapace.第67页/共203页indiscreetindiscreet:

a.carelessaboutwhatonesaysordoes,especiallybytalkingaboutthingswhichshouldbekeptsecrete.g.:Makinganexceptionallyhighprofitissometimesindiscreetandaskingfortrouble.Oneindiscreetremarkatthewrongmomentcouldruinthewholeplan.第68页/共203页inquisitiveinquisitive:

a.askingtoomanyquestionsandtryingtofindouttoomanydetailsaboutsomethingorsomeone;interestedinalotofdifferentthingsandwantingtofindoutmoreabouttheme.g.:Excuseme,Idonotwanttoseeminquisitive,butwhatexactlyareyoudoing?Westillhavealottolearnaboutlife,medicine,andhealingbutweneedtoapproachthesethingswithanopen,inquisitivemind.第69页/共203页chatterboxchatterbox:

n.someone,especiallyachild,whotalkstoomuche.g.:Myauntisachatterboxwhonevershutsup.IrememberwhenIwasstudyingincollege,allmyprofessorsactedlikechatterboxesrepeatingzerotoleranceforplagiarisminanywritingassignmentsandacademicpapersinanycourse.第70页/共203页fatalfatal:a.resultinginsomeone’sdeathe.g.:Thistypeofallergycanveryoccasionallybefatal.Nervousnessoranxietyisinmostcasesafatalkillerofsuccess.第71页/共203页obstinacyobstinacy:

n.resoluteadherencetoone’sownideasordesirese.g.:Iresistedtheirproposalwithobstinacy.Sheerobstinacypreventedhimfromapologizing.第72页/共203页willfulnesswillfulness:

n.thetraitofbeingpronetodisobedienceandlackofdisciplinee.g.:Irefusetostandbyandseethecompanyallowedtorunagroundbecauseofoneperson’swillfulness.Formostparents,occasionalwillfulnessistolerable,butcontinualwillfulnesscancreateaproblemasitquicklygathersshapingpowerofitsown.第73页/共203页escapismescapism:

n.aninclinationtoretreatfromunpleasantrealitiesthroughdiversionorfantasye.g.:Suicideisregardedastheultimateactofescapismbysomepeople.Bookswereaformofescapismfromtherealworld.第74页/共203页justifyjustify:

v.showorprovethatsomethingisreasonableornecessarye.g.:Idon’thavetojustifymyselftoyouoranyoneelse.Manyreasonshavebeenputforwardtojustifytheimpositionofcensorship.第75页/共203页aptitudeaptitude:

n.naturalabilityorskill,especiallyinlearninge.g.:Inlanguagelearningitisattitude,notaptitude,thatdeterminessuccess.Hehasdemonstratedagreataptitudeforcarpentryskills.第76页/共203页slipslip:

n.asmallornarrowpieceofpapere.g.:Theoddthingis,whentheposterarrived,therewasaslipofpapertellingmetherewasnoreceiptincluded.Myfriendwrotedownhisaddressandtelephonenumberonaslipofpaper.第77页/共203页Whydon’tIhaveatelephoneWhydon’tIhaveatelephone?NotbecauseIpretendtobewiseorposeasunusual.Hereisanordinaryquestionfollowedbythewriter’sownanswersandexplanations.Theordinaryquestionandanswerisarhetoricaldevicetobeginaparagraphortoorganizesmallunitsofanessay.Thesecondquestioninthesameparagraph“Whydon’tIlikethetelephone?”leadstofurtherexplanationsonthepartofthewriter.第78页/共203页IllnewstravelsapaceIllnewstravelsapace.Wemayalsosay:Badnewshaswings.Badnewstravelsquickly.Illnewsfliesfast.第79页/共203页ThetruthwilloutThetruthwillout.Thetruthwillbecomepubliclyknown.Thisisaproverb,andouthereisanintransitiveverb.第80页/共203页whenyoutakewhenyoutakeoffthereceiver,yougiveyournumberoryournameInsomecountries,thereceiverofatelephonecallliftsthereceiverandgiveshisownnumberornametotheonewhomakesthecall.ThisisnotoftendoneinChina.第81页/共203页asuccessfulbookasuccessfulbooksooftenreprintedastomakeanyauthorenviousasuccessfulbookwhichissooftenreprintedthatitcanmake