人教版八年级英语下册Unit5-sectionA-语境法讲解单词

Unit5SectionA语境法讲解单词rainstorm[reɪnstɔ:(r)m]n.暴风雨例句Therainstormcausedaflood.编码rain（雨）+storm（风暴）→暴风雨alarm[ə'lɑ:(r)m]n.闹钟用法例句Theaccidentcausedgreatalarm.有科学家认为闹钟（alarm）严重危害（harm）人体健康。analarm一个闹钟比较begin[bɪ'gɪn]v.(began/bɪ'gæn/)开始用法例句Snowbeganfallingagain.编码beg（请求）+in（进入）→请求进入教室“开始”考试。固定搭配：beginwith...以……开始begintodo/doingsth.开始做某事heavily[hevɪli]adv.在很大程度上;大量地用法例句JapanesehasborrowedheavilyfromEnglish.编码heav（看作heavy，重的）+ly（副词后缀）→大量地同根词：heavyadj.沉重的；繁重的suddenly['sʌdənli]adv.突然;忽然用法例句Hesatdownsuddenly.编码sudden（突然的）+ly（副词后缀，表示……地）→突然同根词：suddenadj.突然的；意外的strange[streɪndʒ]adj.奇特的;奇怪的用法例句Thecityisquitestrangetome.奇怪的（strange）橘子（orange）。同根词：strangern.陌生人比较storm[stɔ:(r)m]n.暴风雨例句Thisisthecalmbeforethestorm.商店（store）遭遇了暴风雨（storm）。比较wind[wɪnd]n.风用法例句Thewindblewawaymyhat.刮风（wind）了，快关窗户（window）。同根词：windyadj.有风的比较light[laɪt]n.光;光线;光亮用法例句Thelightisdazzling.夜晚（night）没有光（light）。固定搭配：bright/stronglight充足的光线 poorlight昏暗的光线比较①Doyouhavealight?②Youcanlistentosomelightmusic.③Ileftthetownwithalightheart.④It'sagoodideatohavealightmealintheafternoonifsomeoneinvitesyoufordinner.打火机轻松的轻松的light[laɪt]n.光;光线;光亮清淡的⑤Wewereunabletolightthefire,aseverythingwaswet.⑥Hiseyeslit,andjumpedupexcitedly.点燃使明亮light[laɪt]n.光;光线;光亮report[rɪ'pɔ:(r)t]v.&n.报道;公布用法例句I'dliketoreportamissingperson.去港口（port）做报告（report）。固定搭配：report…to...向……汇报 makeareport做报告Itisreportedthat…据报道……比较area[eəriə,'eriə]n.地域;地区用法例句Thisflowergrowsonahillyarea.这些地区（area）都是（are）产辣椒的。复数形式：areas比较①Theroomis12squaremetresinarea.②Thecancerhadnotspreadtootherareasofthebodyyet.③Askidsbecomemoreindependent,theyhavemoreareasofdisagreementwiththeirparents.面积部位area[eəriə,'eriə]n.地域;地区方面wood[wʊd]n.木;木头用法例句Theirdishesweremadeofwood.木头（wood）盘子里的食物（food）味道很好（good）。wood意为“木；木头”时，是不可数名词；表达“一块木头”时，用apieceofwood;wood作可数名词时，意为“树林”，常用复数形式。比较window[wɪndəʊ]n.窗;窗户例句Ifyouarecold,closethewindow.刮风（wind）了，快关窗户（window）。比较flashlight[flæʃlaɪt]n.手电筒;火炬例句Youcanturnonyourflashlight.编码flash（闪光）+light（灯光）→闪光灯→手电筒match[mætʃ]n.火柴用法例句He'snomatchforyou.观看（watch）比赛（match）（注意：把w倒过来就是m）复数形式：matches比较①towin/loseamatch②Thistimeyou’vemetyourmatch!③Peopledon'tchangetheirpersonalitytomatchtheotherpeople.④Ifyoutriedhard,itmightseempossibleforyoutomatchothers.赢得/输掉比赛对手满足match[mætʃ]n.火柴与……相匹敌beat[bi:t]v.敲打;打败用法例句Therainbegantobeatheavilyagainstthewindows.小时候不吃（eat）饭就挨打（beat）。过去式：beat 过去分词：beaten固定搭配：beatback击退（敌人等） beatdown打倒；打败比较against[ə'genst]prep.倚;碰;撞用法例句Everythingisagainstme.再一次（again）扔石头表示反对（against）。同根词：fightagainst对抗比较①Whataresomepeopleagainst？②Hestoodwithhisbackagainstthedoor.③IgaveuptheguitarlessonsbecauseIhavesomuchworktodo,butit'sagainstmyownwishes.④Busesthatcarrytoomanypeoplearealsoagainstthelaw.反对违反against[ə'genst]prep.倚;碰;撞倚与……相反⑤Mytwoboysliketocompeteagainsteachother.⑥heconditionisagainsthim.⑦Wesailedagainstthewind.竞争against[ə'genst]prep.倚;碰;撞逆着对……不利词块拓展(1)_______________________与……打比赛(2)

_______________________与……作斗争(3)

_______________________违反法律(4)_______________________违背某人的意愿(5)_______________________靠着墙壁playagainstfightagainstagainstthelawagainstone'swillagainstthewallagainst练练不忘（1）（2018无锡改编）Let'sputthepianooverthere，___________（靠着）thewall.（2）（2018怀化改编）Everyoneshouldhelp_______________（与……作斗争）pollution.（3）（2018上海改编）Idon'tthinkitrighttousephotocopiedmaterials（复印材料）evenintheclassroombecauseit's_____________（违反法律）.against（to）fightagainstagainstthelawasleep[ə'sli:p]adj.睡着用法例句Iwasnearlyasleep.编码a（前缀，表示加强）+sleep（睡觉）→睡着的固定搭配：fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着 beasleep睡着同根词：sleepv.睡觉

sleepyadj.困倦的rise[raiz]v.&n.升起;增加;提高用法例句Theyexpectedhousepricestorise.风险（risk）上升（rise）。比较rise作不及物动词，主语常为物。常指天文地理中自然现象的上升。raise作及物动词，主语常为人。意为“提高；升高；抬起；募集”，“提高”的对象多为抽象性的东西。①Hervoiceroseabovetheshoutsofthechildren.②Earlytobedandearlytoriseisagoodhabit.③Afterdinner,herosefromthetableandleftthehouse.④Thepriceofvegetablesrisessoquicklythesedays.⑤Therehasbeenasharpriseinthenumberofpeopleoutofwork.提高起床上升rise[raiz]v.&n.升起;增加;提高增长站起来fallen[fɔ:lən]adj.倒下的;落下的例句Ican'tbelieveI'vefallenforhim.想不到我竟爱上了他。编码fall（落下）+en（使）→使落下了→落下的apart[ə'pɑ:(r)t]adv.分离;分开用法例句MumandDadliveapart.柿子椒被切分开（apart），成了两部分（part）。固定搭配：apartfrom除了；除去；除 setapart使分离 fallapart四分五裂；散架；土崩瓦解比较icy[aɪsi]adj.覆盖着冰的;冰冷的例句I'msickofhericylooks