儿科医学词汇

儿科医学词汇儿科学Pediatrics儿童保健Childcare疾病防治Diseaseprevention营养基础Basalnutrition婴儿喂养Infants'feeding营养不良Malnutrition小儿肥胖obesityinChildhood解剖Anatomy生理生化Physiologyandbiochemistry营养代谢NutritionandMetabolism免疫Immunity病理Pathology疾病的种类VarietyofDisease临床表现ClinicalSituation诊断Diagnosis治疗：Treatment预后：Prognosis预防：Prevention胎儿期：FetalStage胚卵期OvigermStage胚胎期EmbryoStage新生儿期：NeonatalPeriod脐带Omphalus足月儿TermInfant早产儿Premature过期产儿PosttermInfant围产期Perinatalstage婴儿期：Infancy幼儿期：ToddlerPeriod学龄期：Schoolage青春期：Adolescence遗传inheritance性别sex内分泌endocrine孕母情况mother'scondition营养nutrition生活环境livingenvironment急性感染acuteinfection慢性疾病chronicdisease消化道疾病diseaseofdigestivetract内分泌疾病endocrinedisease先天性疾病congenitaldisease体格生长：Physiquegrowth摄入不足insufficiencyofintake胎粪排出excretionofmeconium水分丢失lossofmoist卧位clinostatasm站立位erectposition头顶vertex耻骨联合上缘superiormarginofpubicsymphysis足底sole脐nave头围：HeadCircumference胸围：ChestCircumference颅骨：Cranium颅缝cranialsutures前囟anteriorfontanel后囟posterior脊柱：Rachis长骨：LongBone干骺端Metaphysis软骨骨化Cartilaginousossification骨膜下成骨Subperiosteumossification孚匕牙deciduousteeth恒牙permanentteeth（乳牙）萌出eruption神经系统nervoussystem脊髓spinalcord运动发育：Motordevelopment发音器官organsofvoicing听觉senseofhearing大脑语言中枢cerebrallanguagecenter语言交流communication护理：Nursing计划免疫：PlannedImmunity心理卫生：MentalHealth生活习惯livinghabit社会适应能力socialadaptation亲情parent-childrelationship健康查体：PhysicalExamination随访follow-up户外活动openfieldactivity身体抚触strokingmassage窒息apnea中毒intoxication夕卜伤trauma预防接种：Vaccination主动免疫Activeimmunity被动免疫passiveimmunity预防接种vaccination小儿传染病infectiousdisease卡介苗BacillusCalmette-Guerinvaccine,BCGvaccine脊髓灰质炎疫苗PolimyelitisVaccine麻疹疫苗MeaslesVaccine百白破三联疫苗Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanustriplevaccine乙肝疫苗HepatitisBvaccine初种primaryvaccination复种revaccination不良反应reaction热量的需要：CaloricRequirement基础代谢：BasalMetabolism排泄Excretion蛋白质：Protein碳水化合物：Carbohydrate脂肪：Fat维生素：Vitamins水溶性维生素：Water-solubleVitamin脂溶性维生素：Fat-solubleVitamin矿物质：Mineral膳食纤维：DietaryFiber母乳喂养：BreastFeeding母乳的成分：ComponentofMother'sMilk免疫物质：immunematerial免疫球蛋白：ImmuneGloulin补体：Complement乳铁蛋白：Lactoferrin溶菌酶：Lysozyme双歧因子：BifidusFactor细胞成分：ComponentsofCells慢性消耗性疾病：Chronicconsumptions精神障碍：Mentaldisorders急性传染病：Acuteinfectiousdiseases断奶：Weaning人工喂养：Bottle-Feeding稀释：Dilution加糖：AddSugar煮沸：Boiling定时定量：TimeandrationedFeeding个体差异：IndividualDifference混合喂养MixedFeeding大小便：Defecation代授法：Breast-bottle-feeding补授法：SupplementalFeeding辅食添加：TheIntroductionofsolidfood营养不良Malnutrition代谢异常DevelopmentalandMetabolicDisorder临床分型：Clinicaltyping消瘦型MarasmusMalnutrition浮肿型EdemaMalnutrition消瘦一浮肿型Marasmus—EdemaMalnutrition病因：EtiologicalFactor摄入不足：DeficiencyofIntake辅食添加不及时：IntroductionofSolidFood饮食结构不合理：IncorrectComponentsofDiet不良饮食习惯：BadEatingHabit消化吸收障碍：DisorderofDigestionandAbsorption消化道先天畸形：CongenitalAnomalyofDigestiveTract先天性代谢障碍：CongenitalDysbolism消化功能紊乱：DisorderofDigestiveFunction需求增多：RequirementIncreases生长发育迅速的时期：Theperiodwhenchildrengrowrapidly疾病恢复期：RecoveryPhaseofdiseases双胎或多胎：TwinsorMultiplets早产：Premature消耗性疾病Consumptions病理生理：Pathophysiology代谢异常：Dysbolism体温调节：Thermoregulation机体各系统功能低下：IncapacityofBodySystems消化系统：DigestiveSystem循环系统：CirculatorySystem泌尿系统：UrinarySystem神经系统：NervousSystem免疫系统：ImmuneSystem临床表现：ClinicalSituation皮下脂肪SubcutaneousFat腹Abdomen躯干Trunk臀Breech四肢Extremities面颊Cheeks皮肤Skin干燥Dehydration苍白Pale；肌肉Muscles松弛Laxity萎缩Atrophy；精神状态MentalStatus萎靡Dispirited反应差LowResponse；全身症状GeneralSymptoms并发症：Complication营养性贫血：NutritionalAnemia各种维生素缺乏症：VariousKindsofAvitaminosis感染：Infections低血糖：Hypoglycemia诊断标准：StandardofDignosis分型：Types分度：Degrees实验室检查：LaboratoryExamination鉴别诊断：DifferentialDiagnosis治疗原则：TherapeuticPrinciple综合治疗ComprehensiveTreatment治疗方法：TherapeuticMethod关于医学的英文方面可以参考医学英语：/english/index.html上有关文*早。积极治疗原发病：CurethePrimaryDisease饮食治疗：DietTherapy药物治疗：DrugTreatment支持治疗：SupportingTherapy危重症处理：TreatmentinCrises度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗SevereMalnutritioncompaniedbyDiarrhea营养不良性水肿的治疗NutritionalEdema蛋白质缺乏综合症（恶心营养不良综合症）Kwashiorkor添加辅食：Instructionofsolidfood睡眠充足：SufficientSleeping防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病：PreventionandTreatmentofCongenitalDiseasesandAcuteInfectiousDiseases孕期保健与产前诊断：HealthCareinPregnancyandPrenatalDiagnosis新生儿筛查：NeonatalScreening治疗先天性疾病：CureCongenitalDiseases按时预防接种：Vaccinationontime定期体格检查：RegularPhysicalExamination营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy病因及病理生理：EtiologicalFactorandPathophysiology单纯性肥胖：SimpleObesity摄入过多：ExcessiveIntake活动过少：LackofMovement家族遗传：Inheritance神经、精神因素：NervousandMentalFactors