三十六计原文译文及英文表达

<<三十六计>>的英文表达<<孙子兵法>>三十六计（Thirty-SixStratagems）乃兵家之经典著作。语源于南北朝,成书于明清,是汉民族悠久文化遗产之一。古人学好三十六计,带兵打胜券在握。现代人习之,在商场职场生活领域中,古为今用。而三十六计在外国也极受欢迎……那么就一起看看三十六计的英文表达吧！【1】第一套胜战计Chapter1:WinningStratagems第一计瞒天过海crossingtheseaundercamouflage■原文备周则意怠；常见则不疑。阴在阳之内，不在阳之对。太阳，太阴。翻译：认为准备万分周到，就容易松劲；平时看惯了的，就往往不再怀疑了，秘计隐藏在暴露的事物中，而不是和公开的形式相排斥。非常公开的往往蕴藏着非常机密的。根据阴阳相互转化的规律，阳极而阴生，阴极而阳生。■英文注释Maskyourrealgoals,byusingtheruseofafakegoal,untiltherealgoalisachieved.Tactically,thisisknownasan‘openfeint’:infrontofeveryone,youpointwest,whenyourgoalisactuallyintheeast.第二计围魏救赵relievingthestateofZhaobybesiegingthestateofWei■原文共敌不如分敌；敌阳不如敌阴。翻译：打击兵力集中的敌人不如打击兵力分散的敌人；正面攻击敌人不如背后偷袭敌人。树敌不可过多，对敌要各个击破，对现在还不忙于消灭的，要隐藏我们的意图。■英文注释Whentheenemyistoostrongtobeattackeddirectly,thenattacksomethingheholdsdear.Knowthathecannotbesuperiorinallthings.Somewherethereisagapinthearmour,aweaknessthatcanbeattackedinstead.Theideahereistoavoidahead-onbattlewithastrongenemy,andinsteadstrikeathisweaknesselsewhere.Thiswillforcethestrongenemytoretreatinordertosupporthisweakness.Battlingagainstthenowtiredandlow-moraleenemywillgiveamuchhigherchanceofsuccess.第三计借刀杀人killingsomeonewithaborrowedknife■原文敌已明，友未定，引友杀敌。不自出力，以《损》推演。翻译：作战的对象已经确定，而朋友的态度还不稳定，要利用各方矛盾，借敌方内部力量或盟友的力量削弱或消灭敌人，避免消耗自己的力量。■英文注释Whenyoudonothavethemeanstoattackyourenemydirectly,theattackusingthestrengthofanother.Trickanallyintoattackinghim,bribeanofficialtoturntraitor,orusetheenemy’sownstrengthagainsthim.第四计以逸待劳waitingatone’seasefortheexhaustedenemy■原文困敌之势，不以战。损刚益柔。翻译：控制敌方力量发展的命脉来扼杀他，而不采取进攻的形势，这就是“损刚益柔”原理的演用。■英文注释Itisanadvantagetochoosethetimeandplaceforbattle.Inthisway,youknowwhenandwherethebattlewilltakeplace,whileyourenemydoesnot.Encourageyourenemytoexpendhisenergyinfutilequestswhileyouconserveyourstrength.Whenheisexhaustedandconfused,youattackwithenergyandpurpose.第五计趁火打劫plunderingaburninghouse■原文敌之害大，就势取利，刚决柔也。翻译：敌方的危机很大，就乘机取利，用优势力量果断地攻击软弱的敌人。■英文注释Whenacountryisbesetbyinternalconflicts,whendiseaseandfamineravagethepopulation,whencorruptionandcrimearerampant,thenitwillbeunabletodealwithanoutsidethreat.Thisisthetimetoattack.第六计声东击西makingafeinttotheeastandattackinginthewest■原文敌志乱萃，不虞。坤下兑上之象，利其不自主而取之。翻译：敌人乱撞瞎碰，摸不清情况，这是《易经》“萃”封上所说的“坤下兑上”的混乱征状。必须利用敌方失去控制力的时机加以消灭。■英文注释Inanybattletheelementofsurprisecanprovideanoverwhelmingadvantage.Evenwhenfacetofacewithanenemy,surprisecanstillbeemployedbyattackingwhereheleastexpectsit.Todothisyoumustcreateanexpectationintheenemy’smindthroughtheuseofafeint.【2】第二套敌战计Chapter2:EnemyDealingStratagems第七计无中生有creatingsomethingoutofnothing■原文诳也，非诳也，实其所诳也。少阴、太阴、太阳。翻译：无中生有是运用假象，以假乱真，以真乱假，以使敌人防不胜防。但也不是弄假到底，而是使假象变真象，大小假象，掩护真象。■英文注释Youusethesamefeinttwice.Havingreactedtothefirstandoftenthesecondfeintaswell,theenemywillbehesitanttoreacttoathirdfeint.Thereforethethirdfeintistheactualattackcatchingyourenemywithhisguarddown.第八计暗度陈仓advancingsecretlybyanunknownpath■原文示之以动，利其静而有主，“益动而巽”。翻译：故意暴露行动，利用敌方固守的时机，主动偷袭。顺着常理而行动，就会每天都增益，直到永远。■英文注释Deceivetheenemywithanobviousapproachthatwilltakeaverylongtime,whilesurprisinghimbytakingashortcutandsneakuptohim.Astheenemyconcentratesonthedecoy,hewillmissyousneakinguptohim.第九计隔岸观火watchingafirefromtheothersideoftheriver■原文阳乖序乱，阴以待逆。暴戾恣睢，其势自毙。顺以动豫，豫顺以动。【4】第四套：混战计Chapter4:ChaosStratagems第十九计釜底抽薪extractingthefirewoodfromunderthecauldron■原文不敌其力，而消其势，兑下乾上之象。翻译：力量上不能战胜敌人，可以瓦解他的气势，这就是《易经》兑下乾上的《履卦》上所说的“柔履刚”的办法。■英文注释Takeouttheleadingargumentorassetofsomeone;"stealsomeone'sthunder".Thisistheveryessenceofindirectapproach:insteadofattackingenemy'sfightingforces,theattacksaredirectedagainsthisabilitytowagewar.第二十计浑水摸鱼muddlingthewatertocatchthefish;fishingintroubledwaters■原文乘其阴乱，利其弱而无主。随，以向晦入宴息。翻译：有意给敌方制造混乱并乘着敌人内部混乱无主之机，消灭敌人，取得胜利。《随》要求君子应当随着天时变换，在天黑时入睡，这里指要善抓可乘之机，乱中取胜。■英文注释Createconfusionandusethisconfusiontofurtheryourowngoals.第二十一计金蝉脱壳slippingawaybycastingoffacloak;gettingawaylikethecicadasloughingitsskin■原文存其形，完其势；友不疑，敌不动。巽而止蛊。翻译：保存阵地的原形，造成强大的声势，使友军不怀疑，敌人也不敢贸然进犯，而我方却可以暗中转移或隐蔽地击破另一支敌军。■英文注释Maskyourself.Eitherleaveone'sdistinctivetraitsbehind,thusbecominginconspicuous,ormasqueradeassomethingorsomeoneelse.Thisstrategyismainlyusedtoescapefromenemyofsuperiorstrength.第二十二计关门捉贼catchingthethiefbyclosing/blockinghisescaperoute■原文小敌困之。剥，不利有攸往。翻译：对弱小的敌人，要加以包围歼灭；对垂死挣扎的零散敌人，如果从后面急追远赶，那是很不利的。■英文注释Tocaptureyourenemy,ormoregenerallyinfightingwars,todeliverthefinalblowtoyourenemy,youmustplanprudentlyifyouwanttosucceed.Donotrushintoaction.Beforeyou"moveinforthekill",firstcutoffyourenemy'sescaperoutes,andcutoffanyroutesthroughwhichoutsidehelpcanreachthem.第二十三计远交近攻befriendingthedistantenemywhileattackinganearbyenemy■原文形禁势格，利从近取，害以远隔。上火下泽。翻译：处于（扭转）不利的形势（局面），要考虑（阻止）它发展的方向（趋势），（利于）攻取附近的地方，就有利，（不利于）攻击远隔的地方，就有害。《易经·聧》卦说：“火苗向上冒，池水向下流，志向不同，也可以结交。”意思是使敌相互隔离再各个击破。■英文注释Itisknownthatnationsthatbordereachotherbecomeenemieswhilenationsseparatedbydistanceandobstaclesmakebetterallies.Whenyouarethestrongestinonefield,yourgreatestthreatisfromthesecondstrongestinyourfield,notthestrongestfromanotherfield.第二十四计假途伐虢attackingtheenemybypassingthroughacommonneighbor■原文两大之间，敌胁以从，我假以势。困，有言不信。翻译：对处的两个强大敌人中间的国家，敌人胁迫它时，我方却立即援求它，立马出兵，结果被人家回来顺势灭了。《易经·困》卦说：“对处在困迫状况下的国家，光空谈而没有行动，是不会被他信任的。”■英文注释Borrowtheresourcesofanallytoattackacommonenemy.Oncetheenemyisdefeated,usethoseresourcestoturnontheallythatlentyoutheminthefirstplace.【5】第五套：并战计Chapter5:ProximateStratagems第二十五计偷梁换柱stealingthebeamsandpillarsandreplacingthemwithrottentimbers■原文频更其阵，抽其劲旅，待其自败，而后乘之。曳其轮也。翻译：多次变动敌人的阵容，把他的兵力调开，等待他自己败阵，然后用谋进攻他。《易经·既济》卦说：“先拖住敌人，然后再替换他。”■英文注释Disrupttheenemy'sformations,interferewiththeirmethodsofoperations,changetherulesinwhichtheyareusedtofollowing,gocontrarytotheirstandardtraining.Inthiswayyouremovethesupportingpillar,thecommonlinkthatmakesagroupofmenaneffectivefightingforce.第二十六计指桑骂槐reviling/abusingthelocusttreewhilepointingtothemulberry■原文大凌小者，警以诱之。刚中而应，行险而顺。翻译：强大的慑服弱小的，要用警戒的方法来诱导它。《易经·师卦》说：适当的强硬，可以得到拥护；施用险诈，可以得到顺从。■英文注释Todiscipline,control,orwarnotherswhosestatusorpositionexcludesthemfromdirectconfrontation;useanalogyandinnuendo.Withoutdirectlynamingnames,thoseaccusedcannotretaliatewithoutrevealingtheircomplicity.第二十七计假痴不癫feigningmadnesswithoutbecominginsane■原文宁伪作不知不为，不伪作假知妄为。静不露机，云雷屯也。翻译：宁可假装不知道的，不行动，不可假装知道而轻举妄动。要沉着，不要泄露一点机密，就像迅猛激烈的云雷，在冬季藏入地下般的平静。■英文注释Hidebehindthemaskofafool,adrunk,oramadmantocreateconfusionaboutyourintentionsandmotivations.Lureyouropponentintounderestimatingyourabilityuntil,overconfident,hedropshisguard.Thenyoumayattack.第二十八计上屋抽梯removingtheladderaftertheenemyhasclimbeduptheroof■原文假之以便，唆之使前，断其援应，陷之死地。遇毒，位不当也。翻译：故意露出破绽，引诱敌人深入我方，然后选择有利时机，断绝敌人的前应和后援，使它完全处于死地。敌人这样的下场，《易经·噬嗑》上说的好：抢吃腊肉的嗑掉了牙，怪自己的动作不当。■英文注释Withbaitsanddeceptions,lureyourenemyintotreacherousterrain.Thencutoffhislinesofcommunicationandavenueofescape.Tosavehimself,hemustfightbothyourownforcesandtheelementsofnature.第二十九计树上开花puttingartificialflowersontrees■原文借局布势，力小势大。鸿渐于陆，其羽可以为仪也。翻译：借别人的局面布成阵势，兵力弱小的看来阵容也显得强大。《易经·渐卦》说：鸿雁飞向大陆，全凭它的羽毛丰满助长气势。■英文注释Tyingsilkblossomsonadeadtreegivestheillusionthatthetreeishealthy.Throughtheuseofartificeanddisguise,makesomethingofnovalueappearvaluable;ofnothreatappeardangerous;ofnouseappearuseful.第三十计反客为主turningfromtheguestintothehost■原文乘隙插足，扼其主机，渐之进也。翻译：有空子就要插脚进去，扼住他的主脑机关。《易经·渐卦》说：“循序而进”就是这个意思。■英文注释Usurpleadershipinasituationwhereyouarenormallysubordinate.Infiltrateyourtarget.Initially,pretendtobeaguesttobeaccepted,butdevelopfrominsideandbecometheownerlater.【6】第六套：败战计Chapter6:DesperateStratagems第三十一计美人计usingseductivewomentocorrupttheenemy■原文兵强者，攻其将；将智者，伐其情。将弱兵颓，其势自萎。利用御寇，顺相保也。翻译：兵力强大的，就要攻打他的将帅；将帅明智的，就打击他的情绪。将帅斗志衰弱、部队士气消沉，他的气势必定自行萎缩。《易经·渐卦》说：利用敌人内部的严重弱点来控制敌人，可以有把握地保存自己的实力。■英文注释Sendyourenemybeautifulwomentocausediscordwithinhiscamp.Thisstrategycanworkonthreelevels.First,therulerbecomessoenamouredwiththebeautythatheneglectshisdutiesandallowshisvigilancetowane.Second,othermalesatcourtwillbegintodisplayaggressivebehaviourthatinflamesminordifferenceshinderingco-operationanddestroyingmorale.Third,otherfemalesatcourt,motivatedbyjealousyandenvy,begintoplotintriguesfurtherexacerbatingthesituation.第三十二计空城计presentingaboldfronttoconcealunpreparedness■原文虚者虚之，疑中生疑。刚柔之际，奇而复奇。翻译：空虚的就让它空虚，使人更加难以揣测；在进攻和防御中运用空虚的战术来隐蔽自己的空虚，越发显得用兵出奇。■英文注释Whentheenemyissuperiorinnumbersandyoursituationissuchthatyouexpecttobeoverrunatanymoment,thendropallpretenseofmilitarypreparedness,actcalmlyandtaunttheenemy,sothattheenemywillthinkyouhaveahugeambushhiddenforthem.Itworksbestbyactingcalmandateasewhenyourenemyexpectsyoutobetense.第三十三计反间计sowingdiscordamongtheenemy■原文疑中之疑。比之自内，不自失也。翻译：在疑阵中再布置一层疑阵。利用敌人的间谍而达到自己的目的。《易经·比》卦说：来自敌方内部的援助，自己不会受到损失。■英文注释Undermineyourenemy'sabilitytofightbysecretlycausingdiscordbetweenhimandhisfriends,allies,advisors,family,commanders,soldiers,andpopulation.Whileheispreoccupiedsettlinginternaldisputes,hisabilitytoattackordefendiscompromised.第三十四计苦肉计deceivingtheenemybytorturingone'sownman■原文人不自害，受害必真。假真真假，间以得行。童蒙之吉，顺以巽也。翻译：人不自己迫害自己，受迫害必然是真的；真的变假，间谍便乘机活动。《易经·蒙卦》说：把他骗得乖乖的，顺着他活动。■英文注释Pretendingtobeinjuredhastwopossibleapplications.Inthefirst,theenemyislulledintorelaxinghisguardsincehenolongerconsidersyoutobeanimmediatethreat.Thesecond