明管结构计算书(Excel)

压力钢管（明管）结构计算书,,,,,,,,

1设计依据及参考资料,,,,,,,,

（1）设计依据：《水电站压力钢管设计规范》（SL281—2003）,,,,,,,,

（2）参考资料：《水电站建筑物》（王树人董毓新主编）、《水电站》（成都水力发电学校主编）,,,,,,,,

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2设计基本资料,,,,,,,,

设计引用流量………………Q=,,,,,16.000m³/s,,,

钢材的弹性模量……………E=,,,,,206000N/mm²,,,

钢材的泊松比………………μ=,,,,,0.3,,,

钢材的重度………………γs=,,,,,0.0000785N/mm³,,,

水的重度…………………γw=,,,,,0.0000098N/mm³,,,

钢管内径……………………D=,,,,,2000mm,,,

钢管轴线倾角………………α=,,,,,44.000°,,,

镇墩间距……………………L1=,,,,,64000mm,,,

支墩间距……………………L=,,,,,16000mm,,,

加径环间距…………………l=,,,,,4000mm,,,

伸缩节与上镇墩的距离……L2=,,,,,2000mm,,,

伸缩节止水盘根沿管轴向长度……………b1=,,,,,300mm,,,

伸缩节止水填料与钢管的摩擦系数……μ1=,,,,,0.3,,,

支座对管壁的摩擦系数……f=,,,,,0.1,,,

焊缝系数……………………φ=,,,,,0.95,,,

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3初估管壁厚度t,,,,,,,,

（1）根据末跨的主要荷载（内水压力）并考虑将钢材的允许应力降低15%，按锅炉公式初估管壁厚度t：,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

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式中：,,,,,,,,

钢管管壁钢材屈服点……σs=,,,,,235.000N/mm²,,,

末跨跨中截面管道中心内水压力…………H=,,,,,56250mm,,,

,钢管管壁厚度t初估计算表,,,,,,,

,γw,H,D,σs,φ,［σ］,t(mm),

,0.0000098,56250,2000,235,0.95,129.25,5.3,

取计算管壁厚度t=,,8mm,,,,,,

再考虑2mm的锈蚀裕量，管壁结构厚度初定t=,,,,10mm,,,,

（2）复核管壁结构厚度是否满足考虑制造工艺、安装、运输等要求，保证必须的刚度的最小厚度要求：,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

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则t应满足：t≥,,6.5mm,,,,,,

实际选用管壁厚度t=,,10mm,，满足要求。,,,,,

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4钢管应力分析,,,,,,,,

4.1跨中管壁断面应力分析,,,,,,,,

4.1.1荷载计算,,,,,,,,

（1）径向内水压力P,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

式中：,,,,,,,,

计算截面管道中心内水压力………………H=,,,,,56250mm,,,

则：,,0.551N/mm²,,,,,,

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（2）垂直管轴方向的力（法向力）,,,,,,,,

①钢管自重分力Qs,,,,,,,,

计算公式：（每跨钢管自重）,,,,,,,,

（单位管长钢管自重，考虑刚性环等附件的附加重量约为钢管自重的25％）,,,,,,,,

,钢管自重分力Qs计算表,,,,,,,

,D,t,γs,α,L,qs(N/mm),Qs(N),

,2000,10,0.0000785,44.000°,16000,6.165,70956,

②钢管中水重分力Qw,,,,,,,,

计算公式：（每跨管内水重）,,,,,,,,

（单位管长管内水重）,,,,,,,,

,钢管中水重分力Qw计算表,,,,,,,

,D,γw,α,L,qw(N/mm),Qw(N),,

,2000,0.0000098,44.000°,16000,30.788,354353,,

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（3）轴向力∑A,,,,,,,,

①钢管自重轴向分力A1,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

式中：,,,,,,,,

伸缩节至计算截面处的钢管长度…………L3=,,,,,54000mm,,,

,钢管自重轴向分力A1计算表,,,,,,,

,α,qs,,L3,,A1（N）,,

,44.000°,6.165,,54000,,231259,,

②套筒式伸缩节端部的内水压力A5,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

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式中：,,,,,,,,

伸缩节端部管道中心内水压力……………H´=,,,,,7890mm,,,

伸缩节内套管外径…………D1=,,,,,2020mm,,,

伸缩节内套管内径…………D2=,,,,,2000mm,,,

,套筒式伸缩节端部的内水压力A5计算表,,,,,,,

,D1,D2,γw,H´,P´(N/mm2),A5（N）,,

,2020,2000,0.0000098,7890,0.077,4862,,

③温升时套筒式伸缩节止水填料的摩擦力A6,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

,温升时套筒式伸缩节止水填料的摩擦力A6计算表,,,,,,,

,D1,b1,μ1,P´,,A6（N）,,

,2020,300,0.3,0.077,,43978,,

④温升时支座对钢管的摩擦力A7,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

式中：,,,,,,,,

计算截面以上支座的个数…………………n=,,,,,3个,,,

,温升时支座对钢管的摩擦力A7计算表,,,,,,,

,n,qs,qw,L,f,α,A7(N),

,3,6.165,30.788,16000,0.1,44.000°,127592,

⑤轴向力的合力∑A,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

轴向力合力∑A计算表,,,,,,,,

,,A1,A5,A6,A7,∑A(N),,

,,231259,4862,43978,127592,407691,,

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4.1.2跨中管壁断面应力计算,,,,,,,,

（1）径向内水压力P在管壁中产生的环向应力σθ1,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

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式中：θ为计算点半径与管中心铅垂线的夹角：θ=0°为管顶点；θ=90°为管水平轴线处；θ=180°,,,,,,,,

为管底处。,,,,,,,,

跨中环向应力σθ1计算表,,,,,,,,

θ,D,r,P,t,H,α,σθ1(N/mm2),

0°,2000,1000,0.551,8,56250,44.000°,68.025,

90°,2000,1000,0.551,8,56250,44.000°,68.906,

180°,2000,1000,0.551,8,56250,44.000°,69.787,

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（2）轴向力∑A在横断面上产生的轴向应力σx1（以拉力为+）,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

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跨中轴向应力σx1计算表,,,,,,,,

,∑A,,r,t,,σx1(N/mm2),,

,407691,,1000,8,,-8.111,,

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（3）法向力在横断面上产生的轴向应力σx2,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

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跨中轴向应力σx2计算表,,,,,,,,

θ,qs,qw,L,α,M,r,t,σx2(N/mm2)

0°,6.165,30.788,16000,44.000°,680493149,1000,8,-27.076

90°,6.165,30.788,16000,44.000°,680493149,1000,8,0

180°,6.165,30.788,16000,44.000°,680493149,1000,8,27.076

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（4）内水压力P在管壁产生的径向应力σr,,,,,,,,

计算公式：,,,,,,,,

跨中径向应力σr计算表,,,,,,,,

,θ,γw,H,r,α,σr(N/mm2),,

,0°,0.0000098,56250,1000,44.000°,-0.544,,

,90°,0.0000098,56250,1000,44.000°,-0.551,,

,180°,0.0000098,56250,1000,44.000°,-0.558,,

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4.1.3跨中管壁断面各计算点应力条件复核,,,,,,,,

复核公式：,,,,,,,,

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式中：,,,,,,,,

相应计算工况的允许应力：［σ］=0.55σs=,,,,110.500N/mm²,,,,

跨中断面应力条件复核计算成果表,,,,,,,,

部位,θ,σθ=σθ1,σx1,σx2,σx,σr,σ,φ［σ］

管顶点,0°,68.025,-8.111,-27.076,-35.187,-0.544,90.98,104.975

管水平轴线,90°,68.906,-8.111,0,-8.111,-0.551,73.529,104.975

管底点,180°,69.787,-8.111,27.076,18