初一英语下册语法知识总汇

Unit1Where'syourpenpalfrom?一、词组befrom=comefrom来自...penpal=penfriend笔友likeanddislike好恶;爱憎livein 在...居住speakEnglish讲英语playsports做体育运动alittleFrench一些法语gotothemovies去看电影anactionmovie一部动作片onweekends在周末Excuseme对不起,打扰getto到达、抵达beginningof在...开始的时候attheendof在...结束的时候arriveat/二、句型(1、Where主+be+主语+from?主语+be+from+地点.(2、Wheredo/does+主语+live?主语+live/livesin...(3、Whatlanguagedo/does+主语+speak?主语+speak/speaks....(4、主语+like/likes+doing…三、日常交际用语1-Whereisyourpenpalfrom?-He'sfromChina.2-Wheredoesshelive?--ShelivesinTokyo.3-DoesshespeakEnglish?-Yes,shedoes/No,shedosen't.4-Isthatyournewpenpal?-Yes,heis/No,heisn't.5-Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?-ShespeaksEnglish.Unit2Where'sthepostoffice一、词组postoffice邮局payphone投币式公用电话nextto在...隔壁acrossfrom在...对面infrontof在...前面between...and...在...和...之间onastreet在街上intheneighborhood在附近ontheright/left在右边/在左边turnright/left向右/左转onone'sright/left在某人的右边/左边takeawalk散步havefun玩得开心thewayto...去...的路takeataxi打的/乘出租车godown(along...沿着...走haveagoodtrip旅途愉快gothrough...穿过...二、句型(1、Isthereabanknearhere?Yes,thereis.It'sonCentreStreet.(肯定No,thereisn't.(否定(2、Where'sthesupermarket?It'snexttothelibrary.(3、BridgeStreetisagoodplacetohavefun.(4、Ihopeyouhaveagoodtrip.(5、Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuyfoodintherestaurant.(6、Talkawalkthoughthepark..(7、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式.Doyouenoy(=likeyourwork?Doyouenjoy(=likelivinginthecity?三、日常交际用语(1、Istherea ?句型Eg:-Excuseme.Isthereahotelintheneighborhood.-Yes,thereis.No.thereisn't(2、Whereis...?句型Eg:-Whereisthepark,please?-It'sbehindthebank.(肯定回答-I'msorryIdon'tknow.(否定回答(3、Whichisthewayto+地点?句型.例如:-Whichisthewaytothelibrary.(4、HowcanIgetto+地点?句型.例如:-HowcanIgettotherestaurant?(5、Canyoutellmethewayto+地点?句型.例-Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?(6、Letmetellyouthewaytomyhouse.(7、Justgostraightandturnleft.Unit3Whydoyoulikekoalas?一、词组wanttodosth.想要做某事Letsbdosth让某人做某事wantsbtodosth想要某做某事wantsth想要某物kindof有几分\种类...yearsold…年龄如血口yearsold十岁akindof一种...liketodosth喜欢做某事likedoingsth喜欢做某事playwith...与...一起玩bequiet安静duringtheday在白天atnight在夜间havealookat..看...one...theother一个...另一个...二、句型(1、-whydoyoulikepandas?-Becausethey'reverycure.(2、-Whydosehelikekoalas?-Becausetheyarekindofinteresting.(3、-Wherearelionsfrom?-LionsarefromSouthAfrica.(4、-Whatanimalsdoyoulike?-Ilikeelephants.三、日常交际用语(1、-Let'sseethelions.(2-Whydoyouwanttoseethelions?-Becasetheyareverycute.(3-Doyoulikegiraffes?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't(4-Whatotheranimaldoyoulike?_Ilikedogs.tooother+名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围theother+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.(5-Whyareyoulookingatme?-Becauseyouareverycute.(6-Letusplaygames.-Great!Letmesee.Unit4Iwanttobeanactor.一、词组wanttobe+职业想要成为…shopassistant店员bankclerk银行职员workwith与…一起工作workhard努力工作workfor为…而工作workas作为…而工作get..from...从…获得…givesth.to.sb/give.sb.sth把某物给某人正确的表示:giveit/themtosb.错误的表示:givesb.it/themintheday在白天atnight在夜间talkto/with与...讲话goouttodinners外出吃饭inahospital在医院newspaperreporter报社记者movieactor电影演员二、句型(1-Whatdo/does+某人+do?例:-亚卜21doyoudo?-I'mastudent.-Whatdosehedo?He'sateacher.(2-Whatdo/does+某人+wanttobe?例皿卜21doyouwanttobe?-Iwanttobeateacher.-Whatdoesshewanttobe?Shewanttobeanuser.(3-Wheredoesyoursisterwork?-Sheworksinahospital.(4-DoesheworkinthehospiatYes.hedoes/No,hedoesn't(5-Doessheworklate?-Yes,shedoes/No.shedoesn't(6-英语中询问职业的几种表达方式:Whatdo/does...do?Whatis...?Whatisyourfather?What'sone'sjob?例:What'syourfather'sjob?Unit5I'mwatchingTV.一、词组dohomework做家庭作业watchTV看电视eatdinner吃饭;就餐cleantheroom打扫房间readnewspaper/abook看报纸/看书gotothemovies看电影writealetter写信waitfor等待;等候talkabout谈论…playbasketball/soccer/打篮球/踢足球takephotos拍照TVshow电视节目Someof 中的一些aphotoofmyfamily我的家庭照atschool在学校bewith和…一起inthetree在树上二、句型(1-What+be+主语+doing?.…正在做什么？-主语+be+doing。。。...正在做某事。例:-亚卜21areyoudoing?-I'mdoingmyhomework.(2-Thanksfor...为。。。而感谢例:丁卜2口卜$foryourletter.(3-Hereare/is...例:挑代aresomeofmyphotos.Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.(4-Thatsoundsgood.(5-ThisTVshowisboring.三、日常交际用语(1-Doyouwanttogotothemovices?-Sure.(2-Whendoyouwanttogo?-Let'sgoatseven.(3-Wheredopeopleplaybasketball?-Atschool.(4-What'shewaitingfor?-He'swaitingforabus.(5-What'shereading?He'sreadinganewspaper.现在在进行时的形式是:助动词be(am,is,are+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词，表示现在(说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的动作。现在进行时的肯定句形式主语+be(am,is,are+动词现在分词+其他I'mwatchingTV.现在进行时的否定句形式主语+be(am,is,are+not+动词现在分词+其他Theyarenotplayingsoccer.现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:Is(am,are+主语+动词现在分词+其他？Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn't/aren't/amnot.Areyoureading？Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他？例:Whatisyourbrotherdoing？6动词+ing形式(现在分词的构成.1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.如:eat--eating,do-doing,clean-cleaning,play-playing,2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.如:take--taking,write-writing,have-havingcome-coming.dance--dancing3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:run-running,sit-sitting,swim-swimming.Shop-shopping.put-putting,sit-sittingUnit6It'sraining!一、词组AroundTheWorld世界各地Onvacation度假Takephotos拍照Onthebeach在海边agroupofpeople一群人playbeachvolleyball打沙滩排球besurprised惊讶的besurprisedatsth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶inthisheat在酷暑中haveagoodtime玩得很痛快indifferentkindofweather在不同的天气里berelaxed放松Thanksbfor(doingsth由于(做某事而感谢某人How'sitgoing?近况如何Some...others...一些...另一些...Looklike..看起来像…二、句型/日常交际用语(1-How'stheweatheK+地点？-It'sraining?(2-What'stheweatherlike?-It'ssunny./It'scoldandsnowing.(3-How'sitgoing?-Great./Notbad.(4ThanksyouforjoiningCCTV'sAroundTheWorldshow?(5-IsAuntWangthere?-Yes,sheis/No,sheisn'tUnit7Whatdosehelooklike?一、词组looklike看起来像 apopsinger一位流行歌手curly/short/straight/longhair卷/短/直发mediumheight/build中等高度/身体alittlebit一点儿...play的用法。wearglasses戴眼镜haveanewlook呈现新面貌goshopping去购物thecaptainofthebasketballteam篮球队队长Nobodyknowsme没有人认识我二、句型--Whatdoeshelooklike?--He'sreallyshort.Hehasshorthair.--Shehasbeautiful,longblackhair.--Idon'tthinkhe'ssogreat.--Whatdoyoulooklike?I'mtall.I'mthin.--Whatdotheylooklike?---Theyaremediumheight.--Sheneverstopstalking.--Stopdoing(sth表示停止正在干的事.如:Hestoplistening--stoptodo(sth表示停下来去做某事如:Hestopstolisten.7Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.Unit8I'dlikesomenoodles.1.词组wouldlike想要alarge/medium/smallbowl大碗/中碗/小碗whatsize什么尺寸orangejuice桔汁greentea绿茶phonenumber电话号码aswellas而且whatkindof表示 的种类abottlefoorangejuice一瓶桔子汁threeoranges三个桔子(可数abottlefoorangej一瓶桔子汁(不可数akindof一种...somechicken一些鸡肉(不可数somekindof许多种...threechickens三只小鸡(可数abowlofrice一碗米饭二\句型1Whatkindof...wouldyoulike?你想要...?EG:--Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?--Beefandtomatonoodles.please.2Wehavelare,medium,andsmallbowls.3Ilikedumplings,Idon'tlkeenoodles.三\日常交际用语(1-CanIhelpyou?--I'dlikesomenoodles.please.(2--whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?--I'dlikemuttonandpotatonoodles.Please.(3-Wouldyoulikeacupfogreentea?--Yes,please./No,thankswouldlike后面还可以跟不定式.即:A:wouldliketodo.sth.想要做某事.Hewouldliketoseeyoutoday.B:wouldlikesb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事Whatwouldyoulikemetodo.Unit9Howwasyourweekend?一、词组doone'shomework做某人的家庭作业如：domyhomework做我的家庭作业play+运动或棋类如：playsoccer踢足球playchess下棋play+乐器如：playtheguitar弹吉他gotothemovies去看电影dosomereading阅读studyforthe(mathtest准备(数学)考试stayathome呆家里gotosummercamp去夏令营gotothemountains去爬山visitsb拜访某人goshopping去购物lastmonth上个月threedaysago三天前yesterday昨天lookfor寻找goforawalk散步inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上／在下午／在晚上playcomputergames玩电脑游戏Itwastimetodosth该。。的时候了。二、句型(1)Ivisitedmyauntlastweekend.(2--Howwasyourweekend?--Itwasgreat./OK(3-Itwastimetogohome.三、日常交际用语(1-Whatdidyoudolastweekend?--OnSaturdaymorning,Iplayedteenis.(2-Howwasyourweekend?--Itwasgreat.Iwenttothebrach.一般过去时态一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.过去式的构成(1一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如：stay-stayedhelp-helpedvisit-visited(2词尾是e的动词加-d.如:like-likedlive-lived(3以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如:stop-stoppedplan-planned(4以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，要将y改为i再加-ed.如：study-studiedworry-worried(5不规则动词的过去am/is-wasare-werehave-hadgo-wentfind-founddo-didseesawUnit10Wheredidyougoonvacation?一、词组ptettygood相当好；不错intheconner在角落kindofboring有点无聊belost迷路feelhappy感到高兴befun很有趣onvacation在度假CentralPark中央公园theGreatWall长城thePalaceMuseum故宫Tian'anMenSquare天安门广场二、句型(1-Wheredidyougoonvacation?--Iwenttothebreach.(2-Howwastheweather?--Itwashotandhumid.(3--Itwaskindofboring(4-Thatmademefeelveryhappy.(5--Wehadgreatfunplayinginthewater.-havegreatfundoingsth表示"愉快地做某事"，"做某事很有趣"(6Ihelpedhimfindhisfather.Thatmademefeelveryhappy.helpsb.(todo.sth.帮助某人做某事(to可省)makesb.do.sth.使某人做某事letsb.do.sth.Letmehelpyoucarry(搬动it.(7Ifoundasmallboycryingintheconner.findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事。findsb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程)Unit11Whatdoyouthinkofgameshows?一、词组talkshow谈话节目soapopera肥皂剧sportsshow体育节目gameshow比赛节目thinkof认为howabout 怎么样？=whatabout...infact事实上talkto(with…跟...谈话athirteen-year-oldboy一个13岁的男孩二Theboyisthirteenyearsoldthanksfor...为...感谢eachstudent每个学生keyring钥匙链baseballcap棒球帽theschoolmagazine校刊can'tstand不能忍受don'tmind不介意／无所谓／不在乎二、句型(1-Whatdoyouthinkofsituationcomedy?--Ilovethem(2-Iaskedstudentsaboutfashion.(3-ThisiswhatIthink.(4--Idon'tmindwhatyoungpeoplethinkofme!(5-Canyoupleaseputmyletterinnextmonth'smagazine?三、日常交际用语(1-Whatdoyouthinkofsuopoperas?---Ilovethem/Idon'tmindthem/Ican'tstandthem/Idon'tlike.(2-Howaboutyou?---Ido.too.(3--Whatdoyouthinkof...?--=Howdoyou