2022届陕西省西安市临潼区高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题

2022届陕西省西安市临潼区高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语

试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Theheatofcompetitionsisafunnything.Anditisalsoawayofmakingusbetter.STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,Mathematics)competitionsarcnodifferent,offeringlocal,andevennationaleventsacrossanumberofrelatedsubjects.CongressionalAppChallenge(CAC)What:Apublicchallengewherestudentsmustbuildanappoftheirchoice.TheappsarejudgedincompetitionshostedbyMembersofCongress.When:ThechallengetakesplacefromJulythroughearlyNovember.Prize:WinnersreceiverecognitionbytheirMemberofCongressandhavetheirworkputondisplayintheCapitolBuilding.EmperorScienceAward(ESA)What:Acompetitioncommittedtohelpingdevelopstudentswhohaveapassionfbrscience.Comeandjoininthenextgenerationofcancerresearchers.When:Checkthewebsitefor2021deadlines.Prize:100winningstudentswillbepairedwithauniversity-levelmentoringscientisttoworktogetheronacancerresearchproject.StudentswillalsoreceiveaGoogleChromebookand$1,500forprojectexpenses!RegeneronScienceTalentSearch(RSTS)What:Thenation'soldestandmostrespectedsciencecompetition.Competitorstothiscompetitionmustconductanoriginalresearchprojectandsupplementtheirapplicationswithrecommendationletters.When:Applicationsforthe2022competitionopenedinsummer2021.Prize:Over$2millioninawardsarcgiven;first-placeprizeis$250,000.ThinkChallengesWhat:OrganizedbyagroupofundergraduatesfromMIT,thiscompetitionisfbrhighschoolstudentswhoareintheearlystagesofanoriginalresearchproject.When:2021registrationisnowclosed;checkbacksoonfor2022details!Prize:Selectedfinalistsareinvitedto4-dayall-expenses-paidtriptoMIT'scampusto52.2021年6月以来，新冠病毒的变异德尔塔毒株在全球迅速传播，我国也不例外。随着2022北京冬奥会日益临近，办好冬奥会与做好疫情防控同等重要。假定你是学生会主席李华，请以学生会的名义给你校英语报写•封主题为“健康冬奥，远离病毒”的倡议书。内容包括:.简述目前的疫情防控形势;.提出防范措施;.倡议共同行动。注意：I.词数100左右;.可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯;.开头和结尾已为你写好•，不计入总词数。（参考词汇:德尔塔毒株theDeltaStrain；病毒virus；感染infect）Dearteachersandfellowstudents,theStudents'Unionmeetprofessorsandtourlabs!Finalistsalsohaveweeklymentorship（导师制）meetingsandaregiven$1,000tofundtheirresearchproject.Ifyouhaveinterestindesigningapp,you'dbetterapplyfbr.A.EmperorScienceAward B.CongressionalAppChallengeC.RcgeneronScienceTalentSearch D.ThinkChallengesWhatmakesRSTSspecial?ItishostedbyMembersofCongress.Itaimstodevelopcancerresearchers.ItisorganizedbyagroupofMITundergraduates.Itisthemostancientandhighlyrecognized.Whichof（hefollowingcanbelearnedfromthetext?AllcompetitorsinCACwillhaveworksshowninCapitolBuilding.WinnersinESAwillworkoncancerwithotherstudents.2022registrationfbrThinkChallengewillbeopenedsoon.ThefirstplacewinnerinRSTSwillwintheleastmoney.Camelii'sdutywassimple:togivebacktothecommunitywhereshewasraised.Warren,OhioliesjustthirteenmilesnorthofYoungstown,theformercenterofsteelproduction,andnowoneof（heneediestcitiesinthecountry.Bothcities,populationsanditsfinancehavebeenonthedeclineeachyear,withunemploymentratessurpassingboththestateandnationalaverage.Butitwasn'talwaysthisway.Thirtyyearsago,whenCamelliwasastudentatHowlandHighSchool,theschoolwhereshenowteachesAdvancedPlacementPsychology,ltThepoornesslevelwasaround6%Jshesays.Today,itiscloserto40%.Thisfinancialconditioninfluenceseverythingfromthewaystudentslearn,totheirabilitytodealwithsocialandemotionalissues.Knowingthis,CamellicreatedPawPantry.Whetherit'sfbrfood,clothes,schoolsuppliesorpersonalhygiene（口生）products,studentsandtheirparentscangoonthedistrict'swebsiteandfilloutarequestformforPawPantryproducts.Theycanchoosetopicktheiritemsup-orhavethemdelivered—atschool.CamellimentionedPawPantrywhensheattendedherhighschoolactivityin2017.Itmadeherformerclassmatesawareofhowtheirhometownhaschangedovertheyears.uSoon,moneystartedpouringinfromalloverthecountry,allovertheworld,“shesays.InjustayearandahalfsincethePawPanlrybegan,Camellihasreceivedplentyofnon-perishable（不易变质的）food,clothing,lunchboxes,backpacks,schoolsupplies-evenhomegoods,includingarefrigerator,awasheranddryer,andastove.Camelliactivelyshowsherstudentsthepowerofconnection.'TmdefinitelykinderbecauseofMs.Camelli.Ms.Camelliisamother,butshe'salsoamotherfigurefbrallofus”.Blakesays"Ms.Camelli,youwillneverunderstandhowhappythisactofyourcaringhadmademe,“sheadded.Camelliisacommunityactivist,amentalheathsupporter,andbymanypeople'sstandards,she'smostcertainlyahero,butshedoesn'tseeherselfthatway.Andthat'swhatsheasateachershoulddo.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"needjestMinthefirstparagraphmean?A.Liveliest. B.Riskiest. C.Remotest. D.Poorest.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?PawPantrydidn'tgowell.PawPantrygainedmuchsupport.CamelliwashopefulaboutPawPantry\future.ManypeopletreatedPawPantrywithdoubt.HowdoesBlakefeelaboutMs.Camelli?A.Grateful. B.Annoyed. C.Unconcerned.D.Confused.WhatcanwelearnaboutCamellifromthelastparagraph?Shefeelsgreataboutherself.Shewon'tcontinueherteachingcareer.Shethinksthatshejustdoeswhatateacherdoes.Shedoesn'tthinkshehasdoneenough.Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatatime-out,amethodofcheckingmisbehaviorbyremovingthechildfromhisorhercurrentsituationfbrafewminutesofquiettime,isbadforchildren'semotionalandbehavioralhealth.However,anewstudysuggeststhatdespitealwaysgettingcriticized,thecommondisciplinary侈己律的）strategyisn?tlinkedtoharmfuleffectsonchildren.Researcherscomparedemotionalandbehavioralhealthbetweenkidswhoseparentsreportedusingtime-outsandthosewhodidn'toveraroughlyeight-yearperiod.Theresult:nodifference.Therewasnoassociationbetweenreporteduseoftime-outsandnegativesymptomsinlaterchildhood,includinganxiety,depression,internalizingorexternalizingproblems,aggression,rule-breakingbehavior,orself-control,accordingtothefindingsinJournalofDevelopmentalandBehavioralPediatrics（儿科学）.“Parentsarcconstantlyquestioningwhethertheyarcdoingtherightthingfbrtheirchildren.UnfortunatelythefirstplacemanyparentsgoforadviceistheInternet-notamedicalprovider.ThereisalotofconOictinginformationontheWebthatisn'taccurate,“saysleadauthorRachelKnight,PhD,pediatricpsychologistatUniversityofMichiganC.S.MottChildren'sHospital.t4Infact,theymaynotbeawarethattime-outisoneofthechilddisciplinestrategiescurrentlyrecommendedbyAmericanAcademyofPcdiatrics.^^Furtherstudiesarcneededtocontinueevaluatingspecificclaimsmadeagainsttime-outsandboththeirshort-termandlong-termeffectsacrossdifferentpopulationsandages.Expertsalsoneedtofindmoreeffectivewaystocommunicateevidence-basedinformationtoparents.“Aswefurtherourunderstandingabouthowdifferentparentingstrategiesaffectchildren,weneedtopresentfindingsinaneasilydigestibleandaccessiblewayforthepublic,“shealsosays,“Ourgoalistoclearupmisconceptionsandpromotetheuseofthehighlyeffective,evidence-basedstrategicsthatwillbestguideparentsandfamilies?*Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofatime-out?Ithasnegativeeffectsonchildren.Itisanineffectivewayofpunishment.Itisamethodtoassesschildren'smisbehavior.Ithasnothingtodowithharmfuleffectsonchildren.WhatcanbeinferredfromKnight'swordsinthethirdparagraph?Mostyoungparentslackmedicalknowledge.SomeinformationontheInternetneedsregulating.Sheisconcernedabouttheoveruseoftime-outs.Themoretime-outsarcused,thebetterchildrenbehave.WhatisthetargetofKnight,sfurtherresearch?Torecommendsomeeffectivestrategiescoparents.Toremovepeople'smisunderstandingabouttime-outs.lbappealtogovernmenttoregulateinformationontheNet.lbwarnparentsofgettingevidence-basedinformationfromexperts.What'sthebesttitlefbrthetext?HowParentsUseTime-outCorrectlyTime-outsBadfbrChildren'sBehavioralHealthSomeHighlyEffectiveStrategiestoGuideParentsTime-outsNotAssociatedwithNegativeEffectsonChildrenYouprobablydon'Ithinkofscientificormedicalinstrumentsasthekindofinstrumentsthatactuallymakemusic.Butnowresearchershavebuiltascientificinstrumentspecificallydesignedtodetectcounterfeit（伪造的）medicationsthroughsound.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesabout10percentofthemedicationsinlowandmiddle-incomecountriesarefakes.Sometimes,dangerousones.Sotheideahereistofillthetubewithasamplethat'sknowntobesafe.Thencompareittoabottleyou'renotsosureabout.“Ifyougetthesamepitch（音高）outofthosetwosamples,it'sverygoodevidencethatthey'reprobablythesamematerial,andthesuspectsubstanceisasafedrugtotake.Butifyougetadifferentpitchoutofthetwosamples,that'sabsoluteproofthatthosetwosamplesarechemicallydifferent.Andthatshowsyouthere'ssomethingwrongwiththesampleyouweregivenandyouprobablyshouldn'ttakeit.”Theinstrumentisdesignedtotestonlyliquidsamplesfornow.Andwhilethehumancarissensitiveenoughtohearthedifferencebetweensamplesofairandwater,thedifferencebetweenarealandacounterfeitdrugmightbeimperceptibletoourears.SoGroverbuiltafreewebsitewhereuserscanuploadrecordingsoftheinstrument,fromtheirsmartphoneorcomputer,andanalyzethehertz.Thehopeofinspiringpeoplearoundtheworldtobuildthesethingsthemselves.UIcanliterallymakeoneoftheseoutofjunkinyourgarageinaboutfiveminutesprobably.Thehardestthingtocomebyistubing.We'vemadethemoutofbentcoppertubinglikeyougetoutofaradiator.Justjunk,lyingaround.It'sremarkablehoweasytheyaretomake.Mydreamwouldbetohavetheinstructionsformakingthemandusingthemsharedaswidelyaspossible.''Itis,admittedly,aprettyconvincingpitch.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Ascientificinstrument.B.Aprettyconvincingtube.A.Ascientificinstrument.B.Aprettyconvincingtube.C.Asuspectsample. D.Adangerousinstrument.What'sthefunctionoftheinstrumentaccordingtothepassage?A.Togivethebuyermoredrugsasagift.B.Tomakethewonderfulmusic.C.lbcarrytheliquid. D.Totestfakemedicationsthroughsound.Wherecanyougetthematerialtobuildthiskindofscientificinstrument?A. Thejunkinthegarage. B. Thejunkinthedrugstore.C. Thejunkinthesupermarket. D. Thejunkinthefactory.Whatcanwelearnabouttheinstrumentfromthepassage?A. Everyonecanmakeiteasily. B. Itcanplaythemusicyoulike.C. Thereisalongwaytogo. D. Itiswidelyused（otestmedicine.二、七选五You'resufferingfromabadcaseofburnout,especiallyafteryoudothesameworktoomanyyears.Buttryasyoumight,youcan'Imakeyoustayexcitedatyourjob. 16Keepanopenmind.It'sessentialtobeopentonewopportunitieswhentheycomeyourway.Maybeitwillbeaonce-in-a-lifetimechancetochangeyourself.Asitturnsout,youwillsucceed.17Myadvicetoanyoneworkingtoachievelong-termsuccess,istoregularlystepback,assessyourprogressandconsidernewexperiencethatcanhelpyougrowprofessionally.18 .Sothinkaboutwhereyourgreatestprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitieslie,anddon'tbeafraidtospeakupifyouareiftactivelyaddressingthem.Tvefoundthatmanynewopportunitiesexistbeneaththesurface—allyouhavetodois—raiseyourhandandask.Stepoutsideofyourcomfortzone.Although（heideaofreinventionmaysounddaunting（令人月旦怯的）,thiscanmeananythingfromtakingonanewprojectjoininganewteamoracceptinga“stretch”assignment.19 .andkeepthatprofessionalsparkwelllit.Anddon'twait.Thepaceofchangeisrapid,andyoucan'tsitonthesidelines.Experiencethepayoff.Wearingdifferenthatsorchangingyourpositioncankeepyouinvigorated（精神焕发）试卷第6页，共10页aboutyourjobandbetterpositioned（oacceptchallengesoropportunitiestocome.20 .SetarealisticgoalSeekopportunitiesforreinventionThatcanmakei（easiertoseewhereyoushouldgoIlookonitasaprocessofcontinuousreinventionHerearethetipsthatmayhelpyoutokeepyourenergyupThiscanopennewdoorsthatwillgreatlybenefityouasyourcareerprogressesEverychangeyoumake,bigorsmall,canhelpdriveyouradvancement三、完形填空WhenIreflectbackonwhatexactlyinspiredourChange-A-School-Project,amemoryinparticularstandsout.WhenIwasintenthgrade,myschool'stennisteamtraveledtoHempsteadHighSchoolforanawaygame.Enteringtheschool,Iwas21toseetheentrancefittedwithmetaldetectors（金属探测器）andarmedguardsmovingaroundthehallways—a22IhadonlyseenonTVoronthenews.23 、HempsteadHighSchoolwasonlya20-minutedriveawayfrommyhome.Aftersomeresearch,I24thatIlempsteadwasn'taloneandthesesafetymeasureswere25ofasenseoftroubleandunrest.Intheseschools,26filledavoid（空虚感）instudents,livesearlyon—avoidthatwasatypicalexampleofalackof27 .Bythistime,Ihadachievedawealthof28asachessteacher;Iknewwhat29effectchesscouldhaveonachild.Iwasableto30chessfromaboardgameintoabasicpartoftheirlives.Whynot31chesstotheseunderprivilegedstudents?I32 Change-A-School-Projectandsentemailstoschoolheadmasters.However,itwastwoyearslaterthata33came.Throughaseriesofemailexchangesandagenerous34of55chesssets,chesswasfinally35intoWyandanchSchool.Soon,otherschoolsfollowedquickly.Ibeganto36a3-hourtrainingsessioneveryThursdayfor1si-3rdgradersintheseschools.Afterafewsessions（学年）Wyandanch,IfoundthattheimpactI37forhadbeenrealized.Theseyoung38werebeginningtospendtheirfreetimestudyingfromtheirveryownchessbookandIkept39thank-yousfromgratefulparents.Wehadfinally 40 theirvoid.21.A.shockedB.delightedC.thrilledD.disappointed22.A.reportB.programC.filmD.sight23.A.ThereforeB.YetC.BesidesD.Because24.A.discoveredB.inventedC.recognizedD.sensed25.A.proudB.awareC.representativeD.free26.A.gamesB.celebrationC.crimeD.sports27.A.motivationB.resourcesC.promotionD.information28.A.experienceB.fortuneC.reputationD.knowledge29.A.negativeB.smallC.sideD.beneficial30.A.transformB.leadC.translateD.make31.A.lendB.introduceC.sendD.explain32.A.joinedB.leftC.namedD.founded33.A.breakthroughB.presentC.letterD.suggestion34.A.paymentB.helpC.donationD.increase35.A.acceptedB.combinedC.draggedD.collected36.A.attendB.offerC.breakD.discuss37.A.lookedB.struggledC.waitedD.reached38.A.teachersB.parentsC.childrenD.babies39.A.receivingB.askingC.invitingD.appreciating40.A.deepenedB.expandedC.filledD.weakened四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thespidermonkeyhaslong,thinarmswithhook-likehandsthatallowit41(swing)throughthetrees.Ithasaprehensile(缠绕项)tail,whichmeansitcangraspandcanbeusedlike,a42(five)legtograbtrees.Duringtheday,thespidermonkeysearchesforfruits,whichmake43themainpartofitsdiet.Theywillalsoeatflowers,seeds,leaves,andsmallinsectsduringthedryseason44fruitsaren'tavailable.Theyspendmostofthedaylighthour