美国文学史chapter获奖公开课课件

AmericanLiteratureStudents：08英语本科1，2班Teacher:ZouLiChapterTwo(I)

Edwards,Franklin,andCrevecoeur1.TheIntellectualBackgroundsforthe18thCentury:A.AmericanPuritanism(stilldominating)B.TheGreatAwakeningin1730sand1740sJonathanEdwardsasoneoftheleadingadvocatesC.Deism:aCompromisebetweenScienceandReligionNewtonandhis“PhilosophiaeNaturalisPrincipiaMathematica”(inwhichheputforwardhisfamousprincipleofuniversalgravitation)D.TheInfluenceofTheEnlightenmentMovement

(inFrance:Montesquieu,Rousseau,Voltaire)(inEngland:AlexanderPope,DanielDefoe)TheWildHoneySuckle

byPhilipFreneau野忍冬花

黄杲炘译美妙旳花呀，你长得：这么秀丽，

却藏身在这僻静沉闷旳地方——

甜美旳花儿开了却没人亲昵，

招展旳小小枝梢也没人欣赏；

没游来荡去旳脚来把你踩碎，

没东攀西摘旳手来催你落泪。大自然把你打扮得一身洁白，

她叫你避开庸俗粗鄙旳目光，

她布置下树荫把你护卫起来，

又让潺潺旳柔波淌过你身旁；

你旳夏天就这么静静地消逝，

这时候你日见萎蔫终将安息。

那些难免消逝旳美使我销魂，

想起你将来旳结局我就心疼，

别旳那些花儿也不比你幸运——

虽开放在伊甸园中也已凋零，

无情旳寒霜再加秋风旳威力，

会叫这花朵消失得一无踪迹。朝阳和晚露当初曾把你养育，

让你这小小旳生命来到世上，

原来若乌有，就没什么可失去，

因为你旳死让你同先前一样；

这来去之间但是是一种钟点——

这就是脆弱旳花享有旳天年。Q1:Whatisexpressedinthepoem?Q2:Howdoesthepoetexpressthetheme?Q3:whatphilosophicalmeaningisimpliedinPhlipFreneau's"TheWildHoneySuckle"?

inthispoemthepoetexpressedakeenawarenessofthelovelinessandtransienceofnature.henotonlymeditatedonmortalitybutalsocelebratednature.itimpliesthatlifeanddeathareinevitablelawofnature,"thewildhoneysuckle"isphilipfreneau'smostwidelyreadnaturallyricwiththethemeoftransience.thecentralimageisanativewildflower,whichmakesadrasticdifferencefromeliteflowerimagestypicaloftraditionenglishpoems.thepoemshowedstrongfeelingsforthenaturalbeauty,whichwasthecharacteristicofromanticpoets.thepoemwaswritteninregular6-linetetrameterstanzas,rhyming:ababcc.thestructureofthepoemisregular,soithastheneoclassicqualityofproportionandbalance.alliteration,assonance,masculinerhymeusedinthepoemalsoproducemusicalormelodiousandharmonious,whichmatchesthebeautyoftheflower,thebeautyofpoemispartlyembodiedintheeffectscreatedthroughchangesintherhythm.thepoemcontainsiambicstrochaicsandspondee.

thearrangementofstressedandunstressedsyllablessuggeststhetransienceofthelifeoftheflowerandthepoet'semotionalchange.thepoemisfullofsensuousimagessuchasfairflowervisualimage,comelygrowkinestheticimageandhoneyedblossomsolfactoryimage.alltheimagesmakeusfeelpityforthebeautifulflowerwhichhasonlyashortlife.obviouslythepoetissentimental,deisticoptimist.theline"thesapaceisbutanhour"containsahyperbolestressingandtransienceoflife.thetoneofthepoemisbothsentimentalandoptimistic.

ChapterTwo(2)

JonathanEdwards(1703-1758)ManofGod⑴Life◆

BorninaveryreligiousNewEnglandfamily◆

GraduatedfromYale◆

Workedasaministerandwasanimportantfigurein“GreatAwakening”(aseriousofreligiousrevivalswhichoccurredinthe1730sand1740sonNorthAmericacontinent)◆

Dismissedfromhispositionbecauseoffiercereligiouscontroversyatthattime◆

Livedandmeditatedinsolitude;wrotesomebooks(P29)⑵Analysis◆

InfluencedbythenewideasofEnlightenment,suchasempiricism◆

StillapiousPuritan◆

HissenseofGod’soverwhelmingpresenceinnatureandinsoulanticipatedtheTranscendentalism.(P32)◆

FirstmodernAmericanandthecountry’slastmedievalmanChapterTwo(2)

JonathanEdwardsII.JonathanEdwards(1703-1758)1.Status:apuritan

writer,

theologian,colonialAmericanpreacherandmissionarytoNativeAmericans2.Comments:

Edwards“iswidelyacknowledgedtobeAmerica'smostimportantandoriginalphilosophicaltheologian".HeisknownasoneofthegreatestandmostprofoundofAmericantheologiansandrevivalists.(bornforreligionanddiedforscience)3.Works:

TheFreedomoftheWill(1954);TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended(1758);TheNatureofTrueVirtue(1765)“PersonalNarrative”and“SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod”arehisfrequentlyanthologizedpieces.ChapterTwo(2)

JonathanEdwards4.Criticism:Hisworkisverybroadinscope,butheisoftenassociatedwithhisdefenseofCalvinisttheology,themetaphysicsoftheologicaldeterminism,andthePuritanheritage.Hisfamoussermon“SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod,”emphasizedthejustwrathofGodagainstsinandcontrasteditwiththeprovisionofGodforsalvation;theintensityofhispreachingsometimesresultedinmembersoftheaudiencefainting,swooning,andothermoreobtrusivereactions.ChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)ManofActionChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)III.BenjaminFranklinA.Status:

oneofthegreatestfoundingfathersoftheAmericanNationararegeniusinhumanhistoryJackofalltrades:essayist,autobiographicalwriter,printer,scientist,postmaster,almanacmaker,orator,statesman,philosopher,politicaleconomist,ambassador,parlorman,almosteverythingChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)B.LifeandCareer(EarlyYears):1.CalvinistbackgroundinBoston2.Candle-maker’sfamily–“poorandobscure”3.LittleformaleducationSelf-taughtandself-made4.Apprenticetohishalfbrother–composerHismaidenwritinginthepseudo-nameSilenceDogoodArunawayboyfromBostontoPhiladelphiatomakehisownfortuneChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)B.LifeandCareer

(AStoryofSuccess)5.Asuccessfulprinterwhoretiredat426.HefoundedthePennsylvaniaHospital,theUniversityofPennsylvania,theAmericanPhilosophicalSociety,asubscriptionlibrary,volunteerfiredepartments7.Heinventedamusicalinstrumentcalledglassharmonica,theeffectivestreetlighting,theFranklinstove,bifocalglasses,efficientheatingsystem,andlightning-rodforwhichhewaspraisedas“thenewPrometheuswhohadstolenfirefromheavenbyImmanuelKant”ChapterTwo

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BenjaminFranklin

(1706-1790)B.LifeandCareer(PublicCareer)8.AmemberofthePennsylvaniaAssemblyTheDeputyPostmaster-GeneralforthecoloniesRepresentativeofthecoloniesinLondonfor18years;MinistertoFrance;MinistertoSwedenAdelegatetotheContinentalCongress9.MemberoftheCommitteeofFivetodrafttheDeclarationofIndependence10.TheonlyAmericantosignthefourdocumentsthatcreatedtheUnitedStates:theDeclarationofIndependence,thetreatyofalliancewithFrance,theconstitutionChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)C.HisMajorWritings:PoorRichard’sAlmanac

1.Time:almostaquarterofcentury2.Content:Literarypiecessuchaspoemsandessays,agoodmanyadages,commensensewitticisms3.Sources:heborrowedthemfromsuchfamouswriterssuchasRabelais,Defoe,SwiftandPopeandtriedtosimplifythesequotations4.Examples:Famoussayingssuchas“Losttimeisneverfoundagain”,“Godhelpthemthathelpthemselves”,“Fishandvisitorsstinkinthreedays”,Apennysavedisapennyearned

etc..5.Function:practical,instructive,andamusingChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)C.HisMajorWritings:TheAutobiographyofBenjaminFranklin1.Nature:Probablythefirstofitskindinliterature.Asimpleyetfascinatingrecordofaman’ssuccess.AfaithfulaccountofthecolorfulcareerofAmerica’sfirstself-mademan.2.Structure:Thebookconsistsoffourparts,writtenatdifferenttimes.Franklinwas65whenhebegantowrite.3.Content:

(a)Puritanism:ItisfirstofallaPuritandocument,arecordofself-examinationandself-improvement,ameticulouschartof13virtuestocultivate.(b)Enlightenment:Itembodiestheneworderofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment.(OrderandModeration)1.TEMPERANCE.2.SILENCE.3.ORDER.4.RESOLUTION.5.FRUGALITY.6.INDUSTRY.7.SINCERITY.8.JUSTICE.9.MODERATION.10.CLEANLINESS.11.TRANQUILLITY.12.CHASTITY.13.HUMILITY.ChapterTwo(3)

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)C.HisMajorWritings:

TheAutobiographyofBenjaminFranklin4.Style:ThisworkiswritteninthepatternofPuritansimplicity,directness,andconcision.Themostsalie