打印版MBA MPA MPACC管理类联考英语二真题及答案解析

PAGE40打印版MBAMPAMPACC管理类联考英语二真题及答案解析2013年1月管理类联考英语二真题SectionI

UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.

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atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen

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fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoon"revolutionizethevery

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ofmoneyitself,"onlyto

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itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso

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incoming?Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork

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thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery

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tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecornmunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe

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formofpaymentSecond,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey

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receipts,somethingthaimanyconsumersareunwillingto

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.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof"float"-ittakesseveraldays

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acheckiscashedandfundsare

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fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcancaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime.

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electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay

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securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation

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there.Thefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand

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fromsomeoneelse'saccounts.The

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ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelopingto

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securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic

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thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata.Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.1.[A]However

[B]Moreover

[C]Therefore

[D]Otherwise2.[A]off

[B]back

[C]over

[D]around3.[A]power

[B]concept

[C]history

[D]role4.[A]reward

[B]resist

[C]resume

[D]reverse5.[A]silent

[B]sudden

[C]slow

[D]steady6.[A]for

[B]against

[C]with

[D]on7.[A]imaginative

[B]expensive

[C]sensitive

[D]productive8.[A]similar

[B]original

[C]temporary

[D]dominant9.[A]collect

[B]provide

[C]copy

[D]print10.[A]giveup

[B]takeover

[C]bringback

[D]passdown11.[A]before

[B]after

[C]since

[D]when12.[A]kept

[B]borrowed

[C]released

[D]withdrawn13.[A]Unless

[B]Until

[C]Because

[D]Though14.[A]hide

[B]express

[C]raise

[D]ease15.[A]analyzed

[B]shared

[C]stored

[D]displayed16.[A]unsafe

[B]unnatural

[C]uncommon

[D]unclear17.[A]steal

[B]choose

[C]benefit

[D]return18.[A]consideration

[B]prevention

[C]manipulation

[D]justification19.[A]copewith

[B]fightagainst

[C]adaptto

[D]callfor20.[A]chunk

[B]chip

[C]path

[D]trailSectionII

ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob，couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon’tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.21.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______[A]theimpactoftechnologicaladvances[B]thealleviationofjobpressure[C]theshrinkageoftextilemills[D]thedeclineofmiddle-classincomes22.AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto______[A]workoncheapsoftware[B]askforamoderatesalary[C]adoptanaveragelifestyle[D]contributesomethingunique23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______[A]gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased[B]jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed[C]factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore[D]newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_____[A]toacceleratetheI.T.revolution[B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople[C]roadvanceeconomicglobalization[D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?[A]NewLawTakesEffect[B]TechnologyGoesCheap[C]AverageIsOver[D]RecessionIsBadText2Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.26“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.[C]stayinaforegintemporaily.[D]findpermanentjobsoverseas.27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUS____[A]needsnewimmigrantcategories.[B]hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.[C]shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.[D]hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.28Accordingtotheauthor,today’sbirdsofpassagewant___[A]fiancialincentives.[B]aglobalrecognition.[C]opportunitiestogetregularjobs.[D]thefreedomtostayandleave.29Theauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated__[A]asfaithfulpartners.[B]witheconomicfavors.[C]withregaltolerance.[D]asmightyrivals.30选出最适合文章的标题[A]comeandgo:bigmistake.[B]livingandthriving:greatrisk.[C]withorwithout:greatrisk.[D]legalorillegal:bigmistake.Text3Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses.Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuratelytellwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofpersonality,likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliaren’texclusivetotheinterpersonalrealm.PsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontofoundthatviewingafast-foodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.WeunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelseweYetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiases-orhireoutsidescreeners.JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamucklongerevaluation;twodays,nottwoseconds.Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogecanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.31.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisionsmay____.[A]varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthesituation[B]provethecomplexityofourbrainreaction[C]dependontheimportanceoftheassessment[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment32.Ourreactiontoafast-foodlogoshowsthatsnaodecisions____.[A]canbeassociative[B]arenotunconscious[C]canbedangerous[D]arenotimpulsive33.Toreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,weshould____.[A]trustourfirstimpression[B]doaspeopleusuallydo[C]thinkbeforeweact[D]askforexpertadvice34.JohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebasedon____.[A]criticalassessment[B]‘‘thinsliced’’study[C]sensibleexplanation[D]adequateinformation35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardreversingthehigh-speedtrendis____.[A]tolerant[B]uncertain[C]optimistic[D]doubtfulText4Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporateboards.TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.DoweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?“Personally,Idon’tlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“Butilikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.IunderstandReding’sreluctance-andherfrustration.Idon’tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.Bur,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitof

corporatepower--as,forexample,SherylSandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.IfappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomenwhetherCEOsortheirchildren’scaregivers--andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.36.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally_____.[A]womentakethelead[B]menhavethefinalsay[C]corporategovernanceisoverwhelmed[D]seniormanagementisfamily-friendly37.TheEuropeanUnion’sintendedlegislationis________.[A]areflectionofgenderbalance[B]areluctantchoice[C]aresponsetoReding’scall[D]avoluntaryaction38.AccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen______.[A]gettopbusinesspositions[B]seethroughtheglassceiling[C]balanceworkandfamily[D]anticipatelegalresults39.Theauthor’sattitudetowardReding’sappealisoneof_________.[A]skepticism[B]objectiveness[C]indifference[D]approval40.Womenenteringtopmanagementbecomeheadlinesduetothelackof______.[A]moresocialjustice[B]massivemediaattention[C]suitablepublicpolicies[D]greater“softpressure”PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)[A]Livelikeapeasant[B]Balanceyourdiet[C]Shopkeepersareyourfriends[D]Remembertotreatyourself[E]Sticktowhatyouneed[F]Planningisevervthing[G]Wastenot,wantnotThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas?60aweektospend,?40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10yearsagohewasearning?130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondon'sbetftrestaurants'"atleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious."Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatI'dlost.Butit'sstilladay-by-daything."Nowhe'slivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.He'sfeelingpositive,buthe'llcarryonblogging-notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan-"therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood"-buteatingwellonabudget.Here'shisadviceforeconomicalfoodies.41._____________________Impulsivespendingisn'tanoption,soplanyourweek'smenuinadvance,makingshoppinglistsforyouringredientsintheirexactquantities.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:it'snotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.It'salsoagoodideatoshopdailyinsteadofweekly,because,being-human,you'llsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.42____________________________________________________________Thisiswheresupermarketsandthci;anonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,

there'snotthesameembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrotinalittle

greengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,you'llknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350g

ofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon,notwhateverweightispre-packedinthe

supermarketchiller.43_________Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezer-that'snot

goodenough.Mineisfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planning

aheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyou'lldoa

vegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto"gooff'willbecookedorjuiced.44___________________________________Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugaleaters.Shopatbutchers,

delisandfish-sellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soon

you'llfeelcomfortableaskingifthey'veanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,

orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthan

not,Theyilletyouhaveforfree.

45__________________Youwon'tbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfew

monthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant-?1.75aweekforthree

monthsgivesyou?21-morethan"enoughforathree-courselunchat

Michelin-starredArbutus.It's$16.95there-or$12.99foralargepizzafrom

Domino's:IknowwhichI'drathereat.SectionIII

TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek.I’vebeenabletodothissinceIwasfour.Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbsmymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayreatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateveryonedoes-trytoputittooneside.Idon’tthinkit’sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn’tmakemyemotionsanymoreactureorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehosptibalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalpalyHamopenedontheBroadwayonthesameday-theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.SectionIV

Writing47.Supposeyourclassistoholdacharitysalefoekidsinneedofhelp.Writeyourclassmatesanemailto1)informthemaboutthedetailsandencouragethemtoparticipate.2)Don’tuseyourownname,use“LiMing”instead.Don’twriteyouraddress.(10points)

48writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechartand2)giveyourcommentsYou

should

write

about

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the

ANSWER

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2013年1月管理类联考英语二真题答案与解析21．【答案】A【解析】第一段第二行指出笑话是关于纺织厂自动化程度的，后一句具体说明了笑话的内容：工厂平均每天只有两个人，一人一狗。人的工作是喂狗，狗的工作是看机器，暗示了工厂所有的生产工作都是由机器自动完成的。因此，这个笑话是用来说明技术进步的影响，故选A。22．【答案】D

【解析】事实细节题，通过题干“根据第3段，要想成为一个成功的雇员，一个人得……”,我们首先可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段的最后一句话“Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.”意思是“因此，人人都需要有另外的价值，异于常人的独特价值能够让他们在各自的雇佣市场上脱颖而出。”，我们可以得出，题干中“tobeasuccessfulemployee”与第三段的最后一句话中的“thatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment”是同义替换，“everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontribution”与D选项中的“contributesomethingunique”是同义替换，所以D选项正确。A、B两个选项与第三段的倒数第二句话意思不符，是干扰选项。C选项与第三段的第一、二句话意思相反，重点关注的是“But,today,averageisofficiallyover.”，意思是“现如今，拥有一般水平不行了。”23.

【答案】B【解析】根据题干定位到第四段，第一句technologyhasbeeneatingjobs（技术使工作机会减少）也反映了该段的主旨。而根据题干quotation一词，我们读到引号里有“shedworkers（解雇工人）”、“roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared（大约1/3的手工生产工作机会消失，总计6百万）”，可推断出B选项。24.【答案】B【解析】细节题。根据题干reduceunemployment减少失业，可以定位到文章中最后一段，这段出现了与之类似的表达“supportemployment”促进就业，而题干表述“themostimportant”与文章“nothingwouldbemoreimportantthan”相对应，指出促进就业最重要的是颁布类似于“G.I.Bill”的法案来保障人们接受高等教育的权利，选项C与之吻合，故正确。A项加速信息技术产业变革，C项促进经济全球化，均未提及，故排除。D项是干扰项，虽提及要颁布更多法案，但颁布法案的目的实际是为了保障教育，故也排除。25.【答案】C

【解析】该题是主旨大意题，主要考查考生根据文章内容凝练主旨大意的能力。从整个文章的脉络来看，第一段以亚当?大卫森一篇论文中关于现代工厂自动化与仅需要一人一狗两个员工的一则笑话，揭示了科技进步给人们带来的影响。第二三段是科技的进步引起工厂自动化水平提高，普通员工如果没有竞争力和突出优势，就很容易失去工作，因此也对员工提出了更高的要求（extra-uniquevaluecontribution）。第四段就是员工只有不断地提高自己的教育水平，才能让自己脱颖而出（tohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage）。最后一段点明主题，averageisofficiallyover。由此可见，全文一直在围绕这一宏观主线展开，这一主线也统领全文，所以正确答案为C。Text226．【答案】C（stayinaforeigntemporarily）【解析】词义句意题。根据题干，首先定位到首段末句。在这句中，birdsofpassage是前面一句中的1/4的意大利移民的昵称，他们只在美国居住了一段时间，但最终还是返回意大利。A项的内容在首段首句有提及，但是它突出强调的是横跨大西洋的移民，这也是一世纪前的情况，而如今birdsofpassage可能来自世界各个角落，并非局限于大西洋两岸。B项与段意不符，D项文中未提及。27．【答案】C（shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges）【解析】推理判断题。根据题干，直接定位到第二段。解题关键可定位到“…,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,…Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.”大意是“我们需要改变的是关于分类的思考方式，突破合法和非法的严格限制。首先承认短暂移民者的存在，然后解决移民问题面临的挑战。”C项高度总结了以上几点。A项与原文意思不符。B、D项在文中未提及。28．【答案】D（thefreedomtostayandleave）【解析】事实细节题。根据题干，可定位到第三段。解题关键在于对“Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.”大意是“他们跟着机会走，来去自如。他们可以在一个地方立业，在另一个地方成家”。强调的是工作机会，而不在乎工作地点。D项是这句意思的高度概括。A项是对原文的片面理解，吸引短暂移民者的不仅仅是来自金钱的激励（financialincentives），还有工作机会和工作理念。B项在文中未提及。C项中的regularjobs（一般工作）在文中未提及，也是对文意的曲解。29．【答案】C（withlegaltolerance）【解析】推理判断题。根据题干，可定位到第五段。题干问到“根据作者的意思，我们（美国）应该怎样对待这些短暂移民者？”在本段中，作者写道我们应该“Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem”，大意是“我们应该超越移民合法性方面的文化之争，重现看待中间地段，充分意识到当今的移民管理体系需要各种途径，从而取得多样化的结果，来解决现今移民体系下用法律手段很难解决的问题”，暗含了C项中的tolerance也就是对multiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes的改写。A、B和D项在文中未提及。30．【答案】D（legalorillegal:bigmistake）【解析】主旨大意题。文章第二段第二句中提到“我们把新移民分成两类：合法移民和不合法移民”，同时作者认为“我们不需要局限于合法与不合法这样严格的定义”，这说明了从合法和不合法角度对于移民的分类是错误的。另外，文章最后一段最后一句“包括在现行的移民体系中不容易合法的实现的一些事情”也反映了文章的中心。即，从合法和不合法角度对于移民的分类是错误的。故选D（合法或非法：大错误）。A项谈到短暂移民者的移动是个错误，偏离了文章主旨。B和C项说的是risk（风险），文中并未提及，偏离文章主旨。Text331．【答案】

[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment【解析】细节题。题干问的是“作决定过程中所需的时间可以_____”。文章第一段提到“如果我们在做出反应之前花点儿时间来思考，那么将会减少甚至消除我们快速反应所带来的负面影响”，也就是说我们做决定所花的时间决定了我们判断的准确性。文章第二段第二句话也隐含本题正确答案线索。第二句以But这一转折连词引导，应该重点关注其后表达的信息，“但是，我们需要更多的时间来评估其他要素。”而本段的第三、四句子，很明显地揭示出本题正确答案，尤其是第三个句子中的“accurately”一词。选项D中的表达“可预先决定判断的准确性”，此外，此选项中的“accuracy”为“accurately”的同词异形，故此项为正确答案。选项A表达“依形势紧急性而定”错在无中生有，本文并没有出现类似信息；选项B“证明大脑反映的复杂性”，也是无中生有；选项C“取决于评估的重要性”，也与原文不符合，故排除。32．【答案】[A]canbeassociative【解析】细节题。题干问的是“我们对于快餐商标的反应速度表明决定是_____样的”,由题干的“fast-foodlogo”我们可以定位到第三段。第二段说处理人际关系问题时人们会仓促决定，第三段开头就说了，让人做出仓促决定的刺激因素不仅限于人际关系范围内。紧接着一句说人们对快餐商标的反应速度比一般阅读速度快。下一句阐述了原因：因为人们无意识地（unconsciously）将“快餐”与“速度”和“心急”联系在一起，并将这些冲动付诸行动。A说决定是有联系性的，正确，因为人们将“快餐”与“速度”，“心急”联系在了一起。B说决定是无意识的，与原文意思相反，错。C说决定是危险的，原文未提及，排除。D说决定是不冲动的，与原文意思相悖，故排除。33．【答案】[C]thinkbeforeweact【解析】细节题。先看题干说“为了逆转仓促决定所带来的影响，我们可以做_____”，根据题干定位到第四段。第四段通过两个例子说明我们应该怎样克服负面影响，第一个例子表示“如果我们会对消费产品或者房产选择做出“过度反应”，我们可以在购买之前先思考一会儿”，由此可说明我们应该在行动之前先思考来消除负面影响，因此选择答案C。其他选项：A项“相信我们的第一印象”；B项“按照人们通常所做的去做”；D项“征求专家意见”均不符合题意。34．【答案】[D]adequateinformation【解析】细节题。题干问的是“JohnGottman认为可靠的快速反映是基于_____的。”由题干JohnGottman定位到全文倒数第二段。其中第一句：JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly”thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegoundsuchsnapreactionsin”thicksliced”long-termstudy.婚姻专家约翰.古德曼解释说，我们快速反应的信息的可靠性是建立在这样的快速反应的行为是以长期的研究为基础而做出的快速反应行为。其中gound是题干中baseon的同意置换，long-termstudy长期的研究与D选项adequateinformation相互呼应。由此可判断出[D]adequateinformation（足够的信息）是本题正解。该段第二句话是WhenDr,Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamuchlongereveluation,twodays,nottwoseconds.当古德曼博士想去评估一对夫妻是否应该继续在一起时，他会邀请他们到他的岛上进行一个更为长期的调查，是两天而不是两秒。第二句是对第一句的举例说明，更加验证此选项。35．【答案】[C]optimistic【解析】态度题。根据35题题干reversingthehigh-speedtrend是全文的最后一句，所以解此题可先定位到全文的最后一段。最后一段最后两句：Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.译为：尽管技术可能改变我们反应的方式，但是它并没有改变我们的本性。我们仍然有能力去