2002年4月自学考试英语二试题及答案

自考英语二重点班（）（按ctrl+点此可打开20024月高等教育PARTONEⅠ.VocabularyandStructure(10points,ipointforeachStudieshaveshown teenagersoftensufferformdepression. C.inwhich D.inthatThepartyhasfailedto themajorityofvotersthatitiscapableof erningthecountry. drivingaroundalldaylookingforsomewheretopark,whydon'tyoutakeabustotown?A.Inspiteof B.RatherthanC.Inpalce D.OtherThekidsare behungrywhentheygethome—theyalwaysA.obliged B.bound C.desired D.motivatedAllthecharacteristicsthatdistinguishbirds otheranimalscanbetracedtoprehistorictimes. Whenthecitywas everyoneknewthattotaldefeatwascertain.A.cutoff B.cutdown C.cutacross D.cutoutIfwe everythingreadybynow,weshouldbehavingaterribletimetomorrow.A.hadn'tgot B.didn'tgetC.wouldn'thave D.wouldn’tInhiscompositiontherewerenoothererrors afewmisspelledwords. Indeciding acourseofaction,thecandidatestriedtoestimateitslikelyimpactonthevoters.A.whattopursue B.whichtopursueC.whethertopursue D.iftopursue10.Sincewehaveafocusedsubject,weshouldnottalk A.at B.at C.at D.atClozeTest(10points,1pointforeachEconomistsbelievethatjobearningsinfluencechoiceofoccupation.Theyacknowledgethatpeoplecevaryingemphasise,butpointoutthatworkerstendtomovefromoneoccupationtoanother12changesinsalaries.InH.F.Clark,aneconomist,statedthat“properinformationregardingwagesifsufficiently13uponpeople,willleadcorrectchoiceofoccupationandcorrect14ofpeopleinanoccupation,providedbarrierstooccupationshavebeenremoved.”Thismeansthatthesupplyanddemandofworkershave15todowithwages,16inturninfluencepeopletochoosecertaincareers..However,allbarrierstooccupationswillhavetoberemoved17careerchoicescanbe18byeconomicsalone.Thereislittlequestion19economicfactorshavesomeinfluenceonchoiceofanoccupation.Buttopicturethemasthemajorormostimportantreason20againstthesoundestoffolkwisdom:“Mandoesnotlivebybreadalone.”B.otherD.because13.A.toB.tobeD.20.A.toReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachPassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.“Nomanisanisland,”wrotethepoetJohnDonneseveralcenturiesago.Hewasacknowledgingoneofourmostcharacteristics:thefactthatwearesocialanimalswhosebehaviorandalitiesareshapedbythegroupstowhichweThroughoutlife,mostofourdailyactivitiesareperformedinthe ofothers.Whetherourpurposeisworking,ying,raisingafamily,learning,orsimplyrelaxing,weusuallypursueitingroups,evenifthegroupisassmallastwoorthreepeopleOutneedforhumancontactsisnotmerelyapracticaloneitisadeeppsychologicalneedaswellIfpeoplearedeprivedofthe ofothersforprolongedperiods,mentalbreakdownistheusualresult.EventheGenevaItregardssolitary(孤独的)imprisonmentformorethanthirtydayasacruelformoftorture(折磨).Initsstrictestsense,agroupisacollectionofpeopleinctingtogetherinanorderlywayonthebasisofsharedexpectationsaboutoneanother'sbehavior.Asresultofthisinction,membersfeelacommonsenseof“belonging.”Theydistinguishmembersfromnonmembersandexpectcertainkindsofbehaviorfromoutsiders.By“Nomanisanisland,”JohnDonnemeans A.noonecanliveonanislandaloneB.amanisnotsurroundedbyseaonallC.amanandanislandareD.noonecanliveinisolationfromotherThefactthatweworkorevenyingroupsillustratesthepointthat poeplearedifferentfromDonnerecognizedthegrouptowhichhehumanbeingsaresocialhumanbehavior alitiesareformedby“Breakdown”asusedinLine6,Paragraph2mostprobablydenotes Accordingtothepassage,whatisNOTacharacteristicofThereareatleasttwopeopleinThememberssharesomecommonThemembersworkforoneThemembers ctregularlywitheachThispassageismainlyabout theimportanceofhumanpattensofhumantheimportanceofhumanpatternsofhumanQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thewordhealthcanbeusedinanumberofways.Inthepast,healthonlytheabsenceofdiseaseorillness.Today,though,healthhasabroadermeaning.Healthisthestateofyourwell-beingthatincludeshowyoufeelphysically,mentally,andsocially.Wellnessisanothertermthatdescribesthisbroaderviewofhealth.Youcanunderstandtheneedforabroaderdefinitionifyouthinkabouthowhealthinyourlifeisdifferentfromhealthinyourgrandparents'lives.In1900,themaincausesofdeathwerediseasesthatwerespreadbybacteria(细菌)andes().Ifyouhadlivedthen,thedangerofyourdyingfromponia()wouldhavebeenthreetimesgreaterthanthedangerofyourdyingfromThediseasesthatweremostcommonin1900affectedpeopleofallages.Itisnotsurprising,thenthataround1900,theemphasisofhealthwasondomfromillness.Todaymanyofthediseasesthatwerecommonin1900canbepreventedorcuredbyimprovedmedicinesandmethodsofsanitation(卫生).MostdiseasesnowarelikelytooccurlaterinlifeYouasateenagerwillprobablynothavetothinkaboutthesamethreatstoyourhealthasyourgrandparentsdid.Theseimprovementsinhealthconditionsmeanthatnotonlycanyounowenjoyabetterlife,butyoualsohaveagreaterchanceofhavingalongerlife.ConrtollingdiseaseshasincreasedthelifeexpectancyintheUnitedStates.Grenerally,peoplebornmorerecentlyhavehigherlifeexpectancies.Since1900,thelifeexpectancyintheUnitedStateshasincreasedbymorethan27years.Ithasincreasedfrom47yearsforthosebornin1900to74years1981.AccordingtoParagraph1,healthandwellness canbeusedinterchangeablyonallaredifferentinthatthelatterhasabroaderhadthesamemeaninginthebothrefertothestateofyourwell-WhichofthefollowingstatementsisA.Diseasescausedbybacteriaandeswereincurablein1900.B.Bacteriaandesarethemaincausesofdeathtoday.C.Medicinesforcuring oniawerenotavailablein oniacausedasmanydeathsin1900ascancerdoes“Lifeexpectancy”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans thekindoflifethat mayexpecttothemodeoflifethatagroupofpeoplehavethelengthoftimethat orananimalhasthelengthoftimethatpeoplemayexpecttoOnanaverage,peopleinAmericawhowerebornin1900 hadalife-spanof74livedashorterbutbetterlifethanthosebornlivedto47yearsoflived27yearslongerthanthosebornin198130.Theintendedreadersofthepassageare B.thediseasedD.agedpeoplePassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.MostAmericanswouldhaveadifficulttimelingyou,specifically,whatthevaluesarewhichAmericansliveby.Theyhavenevergiventhematteranythought.OvertheyearsIhaveintroducedthousandsofinternationalvisitorstolifeintheUnitedStates.ThishascausedmetotrytolockatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors,Iamconfidentthatthevalueslistedinthisbookletdescribemost(butnotall)Americans,andthatunderstandingthesevaluescanhelpyou,theinternationalvisitor,understandItismybeliefthatifforeignvisitorsreallyunderstandhowdeeplythese13valuesareingrainedinAmericans,theywillthenbeabletounderstand95%ofAmericanactions—actionswhichmightotherwiseappear“srange,“confusing,”or“unbelievable”whenevaluatedfromtheoftheforeigner'sownsocietyanditsvalues.Thedifferentbehaviorsofapeopleoraculturemakesenseonlywhenseenthroughthebasicbeliefs,assumptionsandvaluesofthatparticulargroup.Whenyouencounterandaction,orhearastatementintheUnitedStateswhichsurprisesyou,trytoseeitasanexpressionofoneormoreofthevalueslistedinthisbooklet.CananordinaryAmericanlyouhis/hervaluesystem?A.Yes,becausethisissomethinganAmericanlivesby.B.No,becauseeveryonewillhavehis/herownsystem.C.No,becausehe/shehasneverthoughtaboutit.D.Yes,becausevaluesaresomethingoftenintheirTheauthorlists13valuesinhisbookletto inviteforeignerstovisitlookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeigndescribetheconfusingactionsofmosthelpinternationalvisitorsunderstandTheword“ingrained”inLine2,Paragraph3mostprobablymeans rootedinthefoundinthentedforpreparedwithVisitorssometimesfineAmericansbehaveinastrange,confusingorunbelievableway,probablybecause A.AmericansarehardtounderstandB.AmericanshavevalueswhichareentirelydifferentfromtheirC.theyviewAmericansaccordingtothevaluesintheirownD.itisdifficulttounderstandanypeoplewhenyoufirstencounterHowcanyouunderstandasurprisingbehaviororstatementofanAmericanwhenyouvisittheUnitedBylinkingittothebasicbeliefs,assumptionsandvaluesoftheBycomparingitwiththevaluesofyourselfandyourByexpressingoneormoreofthevaluesinthisBylookingattheparticulargroupofpeoplewhobehaveorspeakthatWordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwo36. 42. 44. 48. 55.家庭的；家庭a.&n. WordForm(10points,1pointforeach (stand)atthegatewasayoungmaningreenItissaidtheconferenceis (hold)inthishallnextLittledidtheyrealizethatthey (make)animportantdiscoveryinwewouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursincere (appreciate)ofyourAsresearch emoreadvanced,thenumberofanimalsusedinexperimentsmaydecrease,but (test)onanimalsaltogetherisalongwayLargeorfatpeoplewhowanttolook (small)thantheyareusuallyweardark ing (increase)prevalentinfactories,areprogrammedandengineeredtodomoreTheauthorofthetextexpressesastrong (disapprove)ofworkingonandoffHewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,ifhe (notbe)soAlife (live)withoutfantasyanddaydreamingisareallypoorlife intoEnglish(15points,3pointsforeachⅦ.TranslationfromEnglishinto (15points)Whenwetalkaboutinligence,wedonotmeantheabilitytogetgoodscoresoncertainkindsoftestsortheabilitytodowellinschool.Byinligencewemeanawayoflivingandbehaving,especiallyinaneworupsettingsituation.Forinstance,wheninanewsituation,aninligent thi