morphology练习部分答案

Chapter3Lexicon

Choosethebestanswer.(20%)

1。Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas

A。lexicalwords B.grammatical

wordsC。functionwords D.formwords

Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalledmorpheme.

TOC\o"1-5"\h\z

A。inflectional B。

free C.

bound D。derivational

Therearemorphemesintheword

denationalization.

A。three B.

four C。five D。

six

InEnglish-iseand-tionarecalled。

A.prefixes B.

suffixes

C.infixes

D。

stems

Thethreesubtypesofaffixesare：prefix,suffixand

A.derivationalaffixB。inflectional

affix C。infix D.

back—formation

isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.

TOC\o"1-5"\h\z

A.affixation B.

back—formation C.insertion D.

addition

ThewordTBisformedinthewayof。

A。acronymy B.

clipping C.initialism D.

blending

Thewordslikecomsatandsitcomareformedby

A.blending B.

clipping Coback-formation D.

acronymy9。 Thestemofdisagreementsis.

B.

A.agreement

agree

C.disagree

D.

disagreement

Allofthemaremeaningfulexceptfor

A.lexeme B。

phoneme C.morpheme D.

allomorph

Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue

orfalse.(10%)

Phonetically,thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement,whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress。

Foreasinforetellisbothaprefixandaboundmorpheme.

Basereferstothepartofthewordthatremainswhenallinflectionalaffixesareremoved.

Inmostcases,prefixeschangethemeaningofthebasewhereassuffixeschangetheword—classofthebase。

Conversionfromnountoverbisthemostproductiveprocessofaword。

16。

Reduplicativecompoundisformedbyrepeatingthesamemorphemeofaword。

Thewordswhimper,whisperandwhistleareformedinthewayofonomatopoeia。

Inmostcases,thenumberofsyllablesofawordcorrespondstothenumberofmorphemes.

Back-formationisaproductivewayofword—formations.

Inflectionisaparticularwayofword-formations。

IIIoFillintheblanks。（20%）

Anispronouncedletterbyletter,

whileanispronouncedasaword。

Lexicon,inmostcases,issynonymouswith

Orthographically,compoundsarewritteninthreeways：,and。

Allwordsmaybesaidtocontainaroot

Asmallsetofconjunctions,prepositionsandpronounsbelongtoclass,whilethelargest

partofnouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsbelongsto class。

isareverseprocessofderivation,andthereforeisaprocessofshortening。

isextremelyproductive,because

EnglishhadlostmostofitsinflectionalendingsbytheendofMiddleEnglishperiod,whichfacilitatedtheuseofwordsinterchangeablyasverbsornouns,verbsoradjectives,andviceversao

Wordsaredividedintosimple,compoundandderivedwordsonthelevel.

Awordformedbyderivationiscalleda

,andawordformedbycompoundingiscalleda.

Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes:and.

IV.Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.(20%)

31o Blending

32o Allomorph

33。

Closed-classword

Morphologicalrule

V.Answerthefollowingquestions.(20%)

HowmanytypesofmorphemesarethereintheEnglishlanguage?Whatarethey?(厦门大学，2003)

WhatarethemainfeaturesoftheEnglishcompounds?

VI。 Analyzethefollowingsituation.(20%)

MatchthetermsunderCOLUMNIwiththe

underlinedformsfromCOLUMNII(武汉大学，2004)

I II

acronym a。foe

free

morpheme b.subconscious

derivationalmorpheme c.UNESCO

inflectional

morpheme

do

overwhelmed

prefix

ion

1~5AACBB

11〜15FTFTT

21。initialism,acronym

23.solid,hyphenated,open

25.close,open

back—formation

27。conversion

29.derivative,compound

e。 calculat

6~10BCADB

16〜20FTFFF

22.vocabulary

24。morpheme

26.

28。morpheme

30.affix,boundroot

Blending：Itisaprocessofword-formationinwhichanewwordisformedbycombiningthemeaningsandsoundsoftwowords,oneofwhichisnotinitsfullformorbothofwhicharenotintheirfullforms,likenewscast(news+broadcast),brunch(breakfast+lunch)

Allomorph:Itisanyofthevariantformsofamorphemeasconditionedbypositionoradjoiningsounds。

Close-classword：Itisawordwhosemembershipisfixedorlimited.Pronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,articles,etc.areallclose