2010年12月英语四级真题及答案含解析

Butchildrenarefrequentlydiscouragedfrominvolvementwithnaturalspaces,forhealthandsafetyreasons,forfearthattheymightgetdirtyorthattheymightcausedamage.So,instead,thedamageisdonetothechildrenthemselves:nottotheirbodiesbuttotheirsouls.OneofthegreatproblemsofmodernchildhoodisADHD,nowincreasinglyandexpensivelytreatedwithdrugs.YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreences.Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Theincreasingemphasisforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthantyofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.Inwiderandmoredifficultareasoflife,thereisevidencetoindicatethatnaturalsurroundingsimproveallkindsofthings.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.DrWilliamBird,researcherfromtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds,statesinhisstudy,“Anaturalenvironmentcanreduceviolentbehaviourbecauseitsrestorativeprocesshelpsreduceangerandimpulsivebehaviour.”Wildcesneedencouragingforthisreason,nomatterhowsmalltheircontribution.Wetendtolookonnatureconservationassomekindoffavourthathumanbeingsaregrantingtothenaturalworld.Theerrorhereisfartoodeep:notonlydohumansneednatureforthemselves,buttheveryideathathumanityandthenaturalworldareseparablethingsisprofoundlydamaging.Humanbeingsareaspeciesofmls(哺乳动物).Forsevenmillionyearstheylivedonnetaspartofnature.Ourancestralselvesmissthenaturalworldandlongforcontactwithnon-humanlife.Anyonewhohaspattedadog,strokedacat,satunderatreewithapintofbeer,givenorreceivedabunchofflowersorchosentowalkthroughtheparkonaniceday,understandsthat.Weneedthewildworld.Itisessentialtoourwell-being,ourhealth,ourhappiness.Withoutthewildworldwearenotmorebutlesscivilised.WithoutotherlivingthingsarounduswearelessthanFivewaystofindharmonywiththenaturalWalk:Breaktherhythmofpermanentlybeingunderaroof.Getoffastopearlier,makeacircuitoftheparkatlunchtime,walkthechildtoandfromschool,getadog,feelyourselfmovinginmovingair,look,listen,absorb.Sit:Takeamoment,everynowandthen,tobestillinanopenspace.Inthegarden,anywherethat’snotintheoffice,anywhereoutofthehouse,awayfromtheroutine.Situnderatree,lookatwater,feelrefreshed,eversoslightlyrenewed.Drink:Thebestwaytoenjoythenaturalworldisbyyourself;thesecondbestwayisin.Takeadrinkoutsidewithagood,agoodgathering:talkwiththesunandthewindwithbirdsongforbackground.Learn:Expandyourboundaries.Learnfivespeciesofbird,fivebutterflies,fivetrees,fivebirdsongs.Thatway,youseeandhearmore:andyourmindrespondsgratefullytothegreateramountofwildnessinyourlife.Travel:Thecesyoualwayswantedtovisit:bytheseaside,inthecountry,inthehills.Takeaweekendbreak,aday-trip,getoutthereanddoit:forthescenery,forthewaythroughthewoods,forthebirds,forthebees.Gosomewherespecialandbringspecialnesshome.Itlastsforever,afterall.1Whatistheauthor’sprofound［A］Peopleinstinctivelyseeknatureindifferent［B］Peopleshouldspendmostoftheirlivesinthe［C］Peoplehavequitedifferentperceptionsof［D］PeoplemustmakemoreeffortstostudyWhatdoestheauthorsaypeoplepreferfortheirchildren［A］al［B］Thingsthatare［C］Urban［D］ThingsthatareWhatdoesastudyinSweden［A］Thenaturalenvironmentcanhelpchildrenlearn［B］Moreaccesstonaturemakeschildrenlesslikelytofall［C］Agoodygroundhelpskidsdeveloptheirphysical［D］NaturalviewscanpreventchildrenfromdeveloChildrenwhohavechancestoexplorenaturalareas ［A］tendtodevelopastronglovefor［B］aremorelikelytofantasiseabout［C］tendtobephysicallytougherin［D］arelesslikelytobeinvolvedinWhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedotohelpchildrenwith［A］Findmoreeffectivedrugsfor［B］Providemoregreenspacesfor［C］cethemundermoreal［D］EngagetheminmoremeaningfulInwhatwaydoelderlypeoplebenefitfromtheircontactwith［A］Theylookonlife ［C］Theyareabletolive［B］Theyenjoyalifeofbetter ［D］ egood-DrWilliamBirdsuggestsinhisstudythat ［A］humanityandnaturearecomplementarytoeach［B］wildcesmayinduceimpulsivebehaviourin［C］accesstonaturecontributestothereductionof［D］ittakesalongtimetorestorenatureonceItisextremelyharmfultothinkthathumanityandthenaturalworldcan Theauthorbelievesthatwewouldnotbesocivilisedwithout Thefivesuggestionstheauthorgivesattheendofthepassagearemeanttoencouragepeopletoseek withthenaturalworld.PartIII ListeningComprehension (35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofmustreadthefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre2［A］Themanshouldvisitthemuseums.［C］Thebeachresortisagood［B］Shecan’tstandthehot ［D］Sheenjoysstayingin［A］Hernewresponsibilitiesinthe［B］Whatherjobprospects［C］Whatthecustomers’feedback［D］Thedirector’sopinionofher［A］Combinehertrainingwith［B］Repeatthetrainingeverythree［C］Avoidexcessivephysical［D］Includeweightliftinginthe［A］Whenshewillreturn［B］Whethershecangoby［C］Whethershecantravelby［D］Whenshewillcompley［A］Thewomanknowshowtodealwiththe［B］Thewomanhadbeenfinedmanytimes［C］Thewomanhadviolatedtraffic［D］Thewomanisgoodatfinding［A］Switchofftherefrigeratorfora［B］Havesomeonerepairthe［C］Askthemantofixthe［D］Buyarefrigeratorofbetter［A］Heownsapieceoflandinthedowntown［B］Hehasgotenoughmoneytobuya［C］Hecanfinallydowhathehasdreamed［D］Heismovingintoabigger［A］Sheisblackandblueall［B］Shehastogotoseea［C］Shestayedawayfromworkforafew［D］ShegothurtinanaccidentQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust［A］Shewasabank［B］Shewasavictimofthe［C］Shewasadefence［D］Shewasawitnesstothe［A］Atallmanwithdarkhairanda［B］Ayouthwithadistinguishingmarkonhis［C］Athirty-year-oldguywearingalight［D］Amedium-sizedyoungmancarryinga［A］Identifythefrompictures.［B］Goupstairstosignsome［C］Haveherphototakenfortheirfiles.［D］VerifytherecordofwhatshehadQuestions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust［A］Byreadinganewspaper ［C］Bylisteningtothemorning［B］ByseeingacommercialonTV.［D］Bycallinganemployment［A］Shecouldimproveherforeign［B］Shecouldworkclosetoher［C］Shecouldtraveloverseas［D］Shecoulduseherprevious［A］Takingmanagementcourses.［C］Workingasa［B］TeachingEnglishatauniversity.［D］Studyingforadegreein［A］Prepareforaninterviewinacoupleof［B］Readtheadvertisementagainformore［C］Sendinawrittenapplicationassoonas［D］GettoknowthecandidatesontheshortSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.2PassageQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust［A］Theycannotseethefirefightersbecauseofthe［B］Theydonotrealizethedangertheyare［C］Theycannothearthefirefightersforthe［D］Theymistakethefirefightersfor［A］HetravelsalloverAmericatohelpputout［B］Heoftenteacheschildrenwhattododuringa［C］HeteachesSpanishinaSanFrancisco［D］Heprovidesoxygenmaskstochildrenof［A］Hesavedthelifeofhisbrotherchokingon［B］Herescuedastudentfromabig［C］Heisverygoodatpublic［D］Hegivesinformativetalkstoyoung［A］Firefightersyanimportantrolein［B］Kidsshouldlearnnottobeafraidof［C］Carelessnesscanresultin［D］InformativespeechescansavePassageQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust［A］Tosatisfytheneedsoftheir［B］Tofullyrealizetheir［C］Tomakemoneyforearly［D］Togainasenseoftheiral［A］Theymayhavetocontinuetoworkinold［B］Theymayregretthetimethey［C］Theymayhavenobodytodependoninthe［D］Theymayhavefewerjob［A］Makingwiseuseofyour［B］Enjoyingyourselfwhileyou［C］Savingasmuchasyou［D］WorkinghardandyingPassageQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust［A］Hardworkingstudentsbeingaccusedof［B］Boystudentsbeingoftentreatedaslaw-［C］Innocentpeoplebeinged［D］Junioremployeesbeingmadetowork［A］Forbiddingstudentstotakefoodoutofthe［B］Requestingcustomerstopaybeforetakingthe［C］Askingcustomerstoleavetheirbagsonthe［D］Allowingonlytwostudentstoenterata［A］Hewastakentothe ［B］Hewasclosely［C］Hewasaskedto ［D］HewasSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhave2Writingkeepsusintouchwithotherpeople.Wewritetocommunicatewithrelativesandfriends.Wewriteto(36) ourfamilyhistoriessoourchildrenandgrandchildrencanlearnand theirheritage(传统).WithcomputersandInternetconnectionsinsomany(38) colleges,business,peoplee-mailingfriendsandrelativesallthetime—ortalkingtotheminwritinginonline(39)rooms.Itischeaperthancallinglongdistance,andalotmore(40) waitinguntilSundayfortheephone(41)todrop.Studentsaree-mailingtheirprofessors(42)anddiscusstheirclassroomassignmentsandto(43) them.Theyaree-mailingclassmatestodiscussandcollaborate(合作)on.(44) Despitethegrowingimportanceofcomputers,however,therewillalwaysbeaceandneedforthealletter.(45) .Nomatterwhatthecontentofthemessage,itsrealpointis,“IwantyoutoknowthatIcareaboutyou.”(46) ,butonlyinthesuccessofhumanrelationships.PartⅣ ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth) (25minutes)Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whatdeterminesthekindofyouare?Whatfactorsmakeyoumoreorlessbold,inligent,orabletoreadamap?Alloftheseareinfluencedbytheinctionofyourgenesandtheenvironmentinwhichyouwere47.Thestudyofhowgenesandenvironmentincttoinfluence48activityisknownasbehavioralgenetics.Behavioralgeneticshasmade49tothebiologicalrevolution,providinginformationabouttheextenttowhichbiologyinfluencesmind,brainandbehavior.Anyresearchthatsuggeststhat50toperformcertainbehaviorsarebasedinbiologyiscontroversial.Whowantstobetoldthattherearelimitationstowhatyoucan51basedonsomethingthatisbeyondyourcontrol,suchasyourgenes?Itiseasytoacceptthatgenescontrolphysicalcharacteristicssuchas,raceandeyecolor.Butcangenesalsodeterminewhetherpeoplewillgetdivorced,how52theyare,orwhatcareertheyarelikelytochoose?Aconcernofpsychologicalscientistsisthe53towhichallofthesecharacteristicsareinfluencedbynatureandnurture(养育bygeneticmakeupandtheenvironment.Increasinglyscience54thatlaythegroundworkformanyhumantraits.Fromthis,peopleareborn55likeundevelopedphotographs:Theimageisalreadycaptured,butthewayit56appearscanvarybasedonthedevelopmentprocess.However,thebasicpictureistherefromthebeginning.2［A］ ［I］［B］ ［J］［C］ ［K］［D］com ［L］［E］ ［M］［F］dis ［N］［G］ ［O］［H］SectionPassageQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingItisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybecommonforuniversityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthecommercialworldthereisverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeenthebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeeltheycannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.Forsomeindustrialscientists,howevertheattractionsofacademia(学术界)outweighanyfinancialconsiderations.HelenLeetooka70%cutinsalarywhenshemovedfromaseniorpostinAbbotttoamedicaldepartmentattheUniversityofCambridge.Hermainreasonforreturningtoacademiamid-careerwastotakeadvantageofthegreaterdomtochooseresearchquestions.Someareasofinquiryhavefewprospectsofacommercialreturn,andLee’sisoneofthem.Theimpactofasalarycutisprobablylesssevereforascientistintheearlystagesofacareer.GuyGrant,nowaresearchassociateattheUnileverCentreforMolecularInformaticsattheUniversityofCambridge,spenttwoyearsworkingforapharmaceutical(制药的)beforereturningtouniversityasapost-doctoralresearcher.Hetooka30%salarycutbutfeltitworthwhileforthegreaterinlectualopportunities.Higheruptheladder,whereapaycutisusuallymoresignificant,thedemandforscientistswithawealthofexperienceinindustryisforcinguniversitiestomakethetransition(转换)toacademiamoreattractive,accordingtoLee.Industrialscientiststendtoreceivetrainingthatacademicsdonot,suchashowtobuildamultidisciplinaryteam,managebudgetsandnegotiatecontracts.Theyarealsowellcedtobringsomethingextratotheteachingsideofanacademicrolethatwillhelpstudentsgetajobwhentheygraduate,saysLee,perhapsexperienceinmanufacturingpracticeorproductdevelopment.“Onlyasmallnumberofundergraduateswillcontinueinanacademiccareer.Sosomeoneleavinguniversitywhoalreadyhastheskillsneededtoworkinanindustriallabhasfarmorepotentialinthejobmarketthansomeonewhohasspentalltheirtimeonanarrowresearchproject.”2By“aone-waystreet”(Line1,Para.1),theauthormeans ［A］universityresearchersknowlittleaboutthecommercial［B］thereislittleexchangebetweenindustryand［C］fewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkina［D］fewuniversityprofessorsarewillingtodoindustrialTheword“deterrent”(Line2,Para.1)mostprobablyreferstosomethingthat ［A］keepssomeonefromtaking ［C］attractspeople’s［B］helpstomovethe ［D］bringssomeoneafinancialWhatwasHelenLee’smajorconsiderationwhenshechangedherjobinthemiddleofher［A］Flexiblework ［C］Herpreferenceforthelifestyleon［B］Herresearch ［D］Prospectsof GuyGrantchosetoworkasaresearcheratCambridgeinorderto ［A］dofinanciallymorerewarding［B］raisehisstatusintheacademic［C］enrichhisexperienceinmedical［D］exploitbetterinlectualWhatcontributioncanindustrialscientistsmakewhentheycometoteachina［A］Increaseitsgraduates’competitivenessinthejob［B］Developitsstudents’potentialin［C］Helpittoobtainfinancialsupportfrom［D］GearitsresearchtowardspracticalPassageQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingBeingsociablelookslikeagoodwaytoaddyearstoyourlifeRelationshipswithfamilyfriends,neighboursevenpets,willalldothetrick,butthebiggestlongevity长寿boostseemstocomefrommarriageoranequivalentrelationshipTheeffectwasfirstnotedin1858byWilliamFarrwhowrotethatwidowsandwidowers(鳏夫)wereatamuchhigherriskofdyingthantheirmarriedpeers.Studiessincethensuggestthatmarriagecouldaddasmuchassevenyearstoaman’slifeandtwotoawoman’s.Theeffectholdsforallcausesofdeath,whetherillness,accidentorself-harm.Eveniftheoddsarestackedagainstyou,marriagecanmorethancompensate.LindaWaiteoftheUniversityofChicagohasfoundthatamarriedoldermanwithheartdiseasecanexpecttolivenearlyfouryearslongerthananunmarriedmanwithahealthyheart.Likewise,amarriedmanwhosmokesmorethanapackadayislikelytoliveaslongasadivorcedmanwhodoesn’tsmoke.There’saflipside,however,aspartnersaremorelikelyto eillordieinthecoupleofyearsfollowingtheirspouse’sdeath,andcaringforaspousewithmentaldisordercanleaveyouwithsomeofthesamesevereproblems.Evenso,theoddsfavourmarriage.Ina30-yearstudyofmorethan10,000people,NicholasChristakisofHarvardMedicalSchooldescribeshowallkindsofsocialnetworkshavesimilareffects.Sohowdoesitwork?Theeffectsarecomplex,affectedbysocio-economicfactors,health-serviceprovision,emotionalsupportandothermorephysiological生理的)mechanisms.Forexample,socialcontactcanboostdevelopmentofthebrainandimmunesystem,leadingtobetterhealthandlesschanceofdepressionlaterinlife.Peopleinsupportiverelationshipsmayhandlestressbetter.Thentherearethepsychologicalbenefitsofasupportivepartner.Alifepartner,childrenandgoodfriendsareall mendedifyouaimtoliveto100.Theultimatesocialnetworkisstillbeingmappedout,butChristakissays:“Peopleareinterconnected,sotheirhealthisinterconnected.”2WilliamFarr’sstudyandotherstudiesshowthat ［A］sociallifeprovidesaneffectivecurefor［B］beingsociablehelpsimproveone’squalityof［C］womenbenefitmorethanmenfrom［D］marriagecontributesagreatdealtoLindaWaite’sstudiessupporttheideathat ［A］oldermenshouldquitsmokingtostay［B］marriagecanhelpmakeupforill［C］themarriedarehappierthanthe［D］unmarriedpeoplearelikelytosufferinlaterItcanbeinferredfromthecontextthatthe“flipside”(Line4,Para.2)refersto ［A］thedisadvantagesofbeing［B］theemotionalproblemsarisingfrom［C］theresponsibilityoftakingcareofone’s［D］theconsequenceofabrokenWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutsocial［A］Theyhaveeffectssimilartothoseofa［B］Theyhelpdeveloppeople’scommunity［C］Theyprovidetimelysupportforthosein［D］Theyhelprelievepeopleoftheirlife’sWhatcanbeinferredfromthelast［A］It’simportantthatwedevelopasocialnetworkwhen［B］Tostayhealthy,oneshouldhaveapropersocial［C］Gettingadivorcemeansriskingareducedlife［D］WeshouldshareoursocialnetworkswitheachPart (152Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest“GlobalReportonHumanSettlements”saysasignificantchangetookcelastyear.Thereport thisweekfromU.N.Habitat,aUnitedNationsagency.Acenturyago, thanfivepercentofallpeoplelivedincities. themiddleofthiscenturyitcouldbeseventypercent,or sixandahalfbillionpeople.Already sofpeople countriesliveincities.Nowmosturban isinthe Urbanizationcan73tosocialandeconomicprogress,butalsoput74oncitiestoprovidehousingand75.Thenewreportsaysalmosttwohundredthousandpeoplemove76citiesandtownseachday.Itsaysworseninginequalities,77bysocialdivisionsanddifferencesin78,couldresultinandcrime79citiesnbetter.Anotherissueisurbansprawl(无序扩展的城区).Thisiswherecities80quicklyruralareas,sometimes81amuchfasterratethanurbanpopulationSprawlis82intheUnitedStates.Americansmovealot.Inarecentstudy,ArtHallattheUniversityofKansasfoundthatpeoplearemovingawayfromthe83citiestosmallerones.Heseesa84toward“de-urbanization”acrossthenation.85urbaneconomiesstillprovidemany86thatruralareasdo［A］came ［B］came ［C］came ［D］came［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］［B］［C］［D］PartVI (5minutes)Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishthegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.2 (为了确保他参加会议),IcalledhimupinThemagnificentmuseum (据说建成于aboutahundredyearsTherewouldbenolifeonearth (没有地球独特的环境 (给游客印象最深的wasthefriendlinessandwarmthofthelocalTheyrequestedthat (我借的书还 馆)bynext2010年12月英语四级答案解1:Todayin,manyfamilieshaveonlyonechild.Sothechildrenusuallydoteduponbyallfamilymembers.Graduallysomeofthemgetusedtodependingontheirparentsandfamilymembers,asaresulttheylacktheabilitytofacetheirlivesbythemselves.Therearesomewaystohelpchildrentobeindependent.First,thechildshouldhaveachancetoseetheworldaroundhimindividuallytounderstandthattherearevariouspeopleandcompetitionsintheirlives,andlearntofindhisrightpositioninthesocietyonlybyindividualefforts.Second,itisimpossibletoaskachildnottodependonparentsatonce.Theparentsmaygivethechildenoughhelpandspacetomakehimfeelcomfortable.Achildneedshelpfromtheirfamilies.Becausewithoutwhichcanchallengehisabilitytodealwithproblems.Achildshouldbepraisedwhenheissuccessfulorencouragedwhenhefails.Tobeindependentisvitalforthechildren,becausenoparentscangowiththeirchildrenforthewholelife.Onlyanindependentcanliveandenjoyafullandmeaningfullife.Nowadays,moreandmoreparentsindulgetheirchildrentoomuch,showingtoomuchlovetothem.Theparentsgetusedtomakeanarrangementofeverythingfortheirchildren.Asresult,manyadultchildrenwillnotdealwiththingsbythemselvesbutdependontheirparentsstrongly.Howshouldparentshelpchildrentobeindependent?Ontheonehand,parentsshouldtrytolthechildrentheimportanceofindependenceatanearlyage.Ifthechildrenhavenoawarenessearly,howcanweexpectthemtoachieveindependencelater.Ontheotherhand,letthechildrenalwayshaveatrybythemselvesbeforeaskingforhelp.Letthemknowthatindependentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityintheirlife.Helchildrentowardsindependencewillalwaysbeour【快速阅读APeopleinstinltivelyseeknatureindifferentprofoundbelief，第一段的最后一句给出了答案，whetherweknowwearengsoornot（不管我们知道与否）instinctively（本能地）.DThingsthatareistosay,thingsthatcanbebought”，奇怪的新观念，什么对孩子最好，能买到的东西。B:Moreaccesstothenaturemakeschildrenlesslikelytofall玩耍的小朋友少患病，身体也更健康。很明显，B选项最符合语意。Darelesslikelytobeinvolvedin解析：此题对应的是第六段的第一句，theleastbullyingisinanaturalareathatthechildrenareD选项是正确答案。B:ProvidemoregreenspacesforB:Theyenjoyalifeofbetter解析：第九段第一句：Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.选C:accesstonaturecontributestothereductionof解析：第11段第二句话给出C。humanitythingsseparable是不正确的。thewild解析：最后一段第二句：Withoutthewildworldwearenotmorebutlesscivilized.照抄过来就解析：这道题的是最后几段的小标题，Fivewaystofindharmonywiththenaturalworld。harmony是正确答案。【原文短M:Ohmygod!Theheatissimplyunbearablehere.Iwishwe’vegonetothebeachW:Well,withthemuseumsandrestaurantsinWashingtonI’llbehappyherenomatterwhattheQ：WhatdoesthewomanM:How’sthenewjobW:Well,I’mlearningalotofnewthings,butIwishthedirectorwouldgivemesomefeedback.Q：Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?M:CanyouhelpmeworkoutaphysicaltrainingprogramW:Sure,butwhateveryoudobecarefulnottooverdoit.LasttimeIhadtwoweeks’worthofweight-liftinginthreedaysandIhurtmyself.Q:WhatdoesthemansuggestthewomanM:IhaveanelderlymotherandI’mworriedabouthergoingonane.Isthereanyrisk?W:Notifherheartisallright.Ifshehasaheartcondition,I’d mendagainstit.Q:WhatdoesthemanwanttoknowabouthisM:Whydidn’tyoustopwhenwefirstsignaledyouattheW:Sorry,Iwasjustabitabsent-minded.Anyway,doIhavetopayafine?Q:whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?M:I’mnoexpert,butthatnoiseinyourrefrigeratordoesn’tsoundright.MaybeyoushouldhaveitW:You’reright.AndIsupposeI’veputitofflongenough.Q:Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?M:Ididextremelywellonthesaleofmydowntownapartment.Now,IhaveenoughmoneytobuythatpieceoflandI’vehadmyeyeonandbuildahouseonit.W:Congratulations！Doesthatmeanyou’llbemovingQ:WhatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheW:Myhandstillhurtsfromthefallontheiceyesterday.IwonderifIbrokeM:I’mnodoctor,butit’snotblackandblueoranything.MaybeyoujustneedtorestitforafewQ:whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromthe长M:Mrs.Dawson,thanksverymuchforcomingdowntothestation.IjustliketogooversomeofthethingsthatyoutoldofficerParmeratthebank.W:AllM:Well,couldyoudescribethemanwhorobbedthebankforthisreportthatwe’refillingouthere?Now,anythingatallthatyoucanrememberwouldbeextremelyhelpfultous.W:Well,just,IcanonlyrememberbasicallywhatIsaidbefore.M:That’sallright.W:Themanwastall,sixfoot,andhehaddarkhair,andhehadmoustache.M:Verygood.Allright,didhehaveanyotherdistinguishingmarks?W:Um,no,nonethatIcanM:DoyourememberhowoldhewasbyanyW:Well,Iguessaround30,maybeyounger,giveortakeafewM:Mm,allright.Doyourememberanythingaboutwhathewaswearing?W:Yes,yes,hehadonadarksweater,asolidcolor.M:OK.Um,anythingelsethatstrikesyouattheW:Irememberhewaswearingalightshirtunderthesweater.Yes,M:Allright.Mrs.Dawson,Ireallyappreciatewhatyou’vebeenthroughtoday.I’mjustgoingtoaskyoutolookatsomephotographsbeforeyouleaveifyoudon’tmind.Itwon’ttakeverylong.Canyoudothatforme?W:Oh,ofM:Wouldyouliketostepthiswaywithme,please?W:OK,sure.M:ThankQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustWhatdowelearnabouttheWhatdidthelookWhatdidthemanfinallyaskedthewomanto长W:Goodmorning,I’mcallingaboutthejobthatwasinthepaperlastnight.M:Well,couldyoulmeyourname?W:CandiderM:Ohyes.Whatexactlyisitthatinterestsyouaboutthejob?W:Well,Ithoughtitwasjustrightforme.M:Really?Um…Couldyoulmealittleaboutyourself?W:Yes.I’m23.I’vebeenworkingabroad.M:Whereexactlyhaveyoubeenworking?W:InGeneva.M:Oh,Geneva.AndwhatwereyoungW:Secretarialwork.Previoustothat,Iwasatuniversity.M:Whichuniversitywasthat?W:TheUniversityofManchester.I’vegotadegreeinM:Yousaidyou’vebeenworkinginGeneva.DoyouhaveanyspecialreasonforwantingtocomeW:IthoughtitwouldbenicetobeneartotheM:Isee,andhowdoyouseeyourselfdevelointhisW:Well,I’mambitious.IdohopethatmycareerasasecretarywillleadmeeventuallyintoM:Isee.YouhaveforeignW:FrenchandM:Well,Ithinkthebestthingforyoutodoisdoreplyawritingtotheadvertisement.W:Can’tIarrangeforaninterviewnow?M:Well,I’mafraidwemustwaituntilalltheapplicationsarein,inwriting,andwe’llthendecideontheshortlist.Ifyouareontheshortlist,ofcourseweshouldseeyou.W:Oh,IM:Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourapplicationinwritinginadayortwo.W:Oh,yes,yes,certainly.M:Ok,thankyouverymuch.Goodbye.W:Thankyou.Goodbye.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustHowdidthewomangettoknowaboutthejobWhydidthewomanfindthejobWhathadthewomanbeennginWhatwasthewomanaskedtodointheSectionBPassageOneofthegreatestheartbreaksforfirefightersoccurswhentheyfailtorescueachildfromaburningbuildingbecausethechild,frightenedbysmokeandnoise,hidesunderabedorinaclosetandislaterfounddead.Saddestofalliswhenchildrencatchaglimpseofthemaskedfirefighterbuthidebecausetheythinktheyhaveseenamonster.Topreventsuchtragedies,firefighterEricVelezgivestalkstochildreninhiscommunity,exiningthattheyshouldneverhideduringafire.Hedisysfirefighters’equipment,includingtheoxygenmask,whichheencourageshislistenerstoywithandputon.“Ifyouseeus,”Velezlsthem,“don’thide!Wearenotmonsters.Wehavecometorescueyou.”VelezgiveshispresentationsinEnglishandSpanish.GrowingupinSanFrancisco,helearntSpanishfromhisimmigrantparents.VelezandotherfirefightersthroughoutNorthAmerica,whogivesimilarpresentations,willneverknowhowmanylivestheysavethroughtheirtalks.Butit’safactthatinformativespeakingsaveslives.Forexample,severalmonthsafterlisteningtoaninformativespeech,PeteGentryinNorthCarolinarescuedhisbrotherwhoischokingonfood,byusingthemethodtaughtbystudentspeaker,JulieParis.Inadditiontosavinglives,informativespeakershelppeoplelearnnewskills,solveproblemsandacquirefascinatingfactsabouttheexcitingworldinwhichtheylive.Whydosomechildrentrappedina