英语被动语态

MetenEnglishPassivevoiceSA:Aileen2021/5/91被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。2021/5/921.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone2021/5/93Hisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsare

washedbyhis

brother

every

day.改为被动语态2021/5/94TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinChina.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadebyusinChina.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？2021/5/951.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词变为被动语态2021/5/96Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主谓宾(受动者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.2021/5/97Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.2021/5/982.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词2021/5/99Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.2021/5/910Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosontheplaygroundtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenontheplaygroundtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.2021/5/9113.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词2021/5/9124．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Tina

．Tina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词2021/5/9131.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.2021/5/9141.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）2021/5/9153.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told2021/5/9165.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used2021/5/9177.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished2021/5/9189.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous2021/5/91910.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.

wasasked

isdone2021/5/92012.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemended

mustbe

taken2021/5/92114.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?

is

studiedIs

talked

bythem2021/5/922下列时态的被动语态构成

Wehavefinishedourcompositions.

看一看想一想2021/5/923We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.现在完成时：

S+have/has+been+过去分词2021/5/924总结：各种时态的被动语态构成2021/5/925一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在完成时：情态动词：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done各种时态的被动语态构成2021/5/926

时态

主动语态

被动语态一般现在时V.(原形)/V.(e)sam/is/are+V.pp一般过去时V.-ed/madewas/were+V.pp一般将来时will+V.(原形)will+be+V.pp含情态动词情态动词+V.(原形)情态动