初中英语语法介词用法讲解与练习

第第页介词表示时间的介词：at,in,on,before,to,from,by,till,until,after,for,since等。表示地点，位置，方向的介词：next,to,in,infrontof,on,outof,at,above,over,into,near,between,under,up,across,by,down,from,around,behind,beside等表示原因，理由的介词：for,as,at,from等表示方式的介词：on,in,by,with等。常用介词辨析表示时间的in,on,at,afterin的用法。用于早晨、下午、傍晚。Inthemorning/afternoon/evening用于月、年、季节等。InMarch,in1986,inspring用于一段时间后。Inaweek,inayear’stime,intwohourson的用法用于具体某一天。Onmybirthday,onthemorningofnextFriday,onJune6,onSunday,onNewYear’sDay用于描述性的时间。Onacoldnight,onawinterdayat的用法用于具体的钟点。At12o’clock,athalfnine用于固定的搭配。Atlunch,atnight,atbreakfast,atnoon,atChristmas,atweekends,atthattimeafter表示在一点时间以后。Aftertwelveo’clock2.表示的地点的in,on,atin指大地方，at是小地点，in表示的是体，on表示的是面，at表示的是点。in可指内部，on可指“在…之上”Therearesixwindowsinthewall.墙上有6扇窗子。Therearefivepicturesonthewall.墙上贴着5幅画。3.表示方位的on,over,under,above,below.1）on,over,above指上方；under,below指下方；on指物体接触。2）over指正上方、above指斜上方、under指正下方、below指斜下方。Therewillbetwobridgesovertheriver.河上将有两座桥。4.between,amongBetween指两者之间,among指三者或三者以上。5.across,over,throughAcross表示从这一边到另一边的横过,over表示从空间通过,through则表示从内部空间穿过。Canyouswimacrossthelake?你能游泳过湖吗？6.with,in,byWith后跟工具,in后跟语言、材料等,by跟某种方式。Icanwritewithapen.我能用笔写。7.看似相同，但意义有别的词组。Atschool在上学Attheschool在学校Infrontof在…前边（外部）Inthefrontof在…前部（内部）Inclass在课上Intheclass在这个班Inbed在睡觉Inthebed在床上Inhospital住院Inthehospital在医院里Gotoschool去上学Gototheschool去学校用适当的介词填空Heknowseverything______________theschool.Heusuallygoesoutforawalk________lunch.Ihavelunch_________halfpasteleven.Pleaselook________theblackboard.5.Theywork____________8:00___________16:00.Whendotheygetup_________themorning?Willwego____________busor_________foot?7.Wehavelearnedalot_________you.Thecupwasbroken_________her.Whereareyou________?I’m_________Beijing.Weareworking_________thepeople.Itistime_________breakfast.Classbegins_________nine.Wecome______________differentpartsofAmerica.Shelives________herfather.Sheoftengetsup_________halfpastsix________themorning.Westayhere_________sixmonths.Youareleaving__________Shanghai.Hewasborn____________1986.Weusuallyhavemeetings___________Saturdayafternoon.Beijingisthecapital_________china.Haveacup_____________coffeeplease.XiaoLiwasborn___________March25,1991.I.介词的种类

1.

简单介词，常用的有at,

in,

on,

about,

across,

before,

beside,

for

,

to,

without,to,by,with,of,over,behind,up,after,against等。

2.

复合介词，如,

along

with,

because

of,

in

front

of,

instead

of等。

3.介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

(1)

和动词的搭配，如agree

with,

ask

for,

belong

to,

keep

away

from,

care

about等。

(2)

和形容词的搭配，如afraid

of,

angry

with,

different

from,

good

at

(3)

和名词的搭配，如answer

to

,

key

to,

reason

for,

visit

to等.4.Themanclimbeduptothetree_________aladder.5.Theysolvedtheproblem_________communicating.6.Thewomanwascrying________alowvoice.7.Theoldmanoftengetsnews______theradio..8.Weoftencutthings_________aknife.9.Heimprovedhiswritingskill________keepingdiaries.10.Mygrandpacansingsomesongs_______Russian.13.放在地点之前的介词:at,in,onA.at

(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁边”

B.in

(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。

C.on

表示毗邻，接壤

D.to

表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤III.介词的其他一些用法.as,作为.Englishisusedasamotherlanguage.at,在…旁边,Theboyissittingatthedoor.but,除了.Hehasnothingbutmoney.like,象,如同.Helookslikemybestfriend.till,until,直到…,在…以前.Wedidn’tgohometillfiveyesterday.with,有，带着。I’dlikesomecoffeewithsugar.by,在….附近Theylivebyariver.短语介词:thanksto,becauseof,inspiteof,insteadof选择最佳答案(表示时间关系的介词).TheplanearrivedatLondonairport______Wednesday.A.onB.atC.inD.forWhatdoyouusuallydo________Christmas?A.onB.atC.inD.forThefirstclassbegins_______8o’clock______themorning.A.at/onB.at/inC.on/inD.on/on________lastSaturday,wehadhadtwofootballmatcheswithClassTwo.A.ForB./C.ByD.DuringWewillbeinNanjing_____Tuesday______Thursday.A.on/throughB.on/toC.from/toD.on./tillMrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuilding______twodays.A.beforeB.afterC.atD.in_______theendoflastspringWangHaijoinedthearmy_______theend.A.At/atB.By/inC.In/atD.At/inWewillhaveafootballmatch_____thisSaturdayafternoon..A.onB./C.inD.forHecametoseeyou_____theeveningofMay10th.A.inB.atC.onD.forI’mafraidIgaveyoualotoftrouble________mystayhere.A.inB.forC.duringD.onThesupermarketisopen______midnight.A.atB.onC.tillD./Daysarelonger______summerthan___________winter.A.in/inB.in/onC.from/toD.to/in19.________NewYear’sevepeopleusuallydon’tgotobeduntilmidnight.A.AtB.OnC.ForD.InTomandPaulusuallywatchTV______weekends.A.atB.inC.forD./Everydaytheoldmantakesthesechildrenhome_____school.A.atB.toC.fromD.afterCouldyoucometomyoffice________thedayaftertomorrow.A./B.onC.inD.atWehadbuiltthreebridgesovertheriver_______theendof1994.A.atB.onC.forD.byLifewillbebetter_____the21stcentury.A.atB.onC.forD.inDoyouoftenworklate_____night.A.atB.inC.forD.during选择最佳答案(表示地点运动方向的介词).Thereisabridge________theriver.A.underB.overC.onD.nextTherearemanybeautifulbirds______thetree.A.onB.atC.inD.besidesMyhouseis_____thetwobuildings,sowegetlittlesunshineduringtheday.A.betweenB.amongC.inD.atLucyiswaiting_____No.3busstop________herfather.A.for/forB.for/atC.at/forD.at/atIsthereanythinginteresting________today’snewspaper?A.inB.onC.atD./Canyoutellmewhospoke________themeeting?A.atB.alongC.inD.forMyunclelives______208SmithStreet.A.atB.onC.toD.withAtlastwereachesthevillage______thehill.A.atthefootofB.atfootC.onfootofD.inthefootfromShanghaiis_______theeastofChinaandJapanis_______theeastofChina.A.to/toB.to/inC.in/toD.in/in________theendofthestreetyoucanfindthepostoffice.A.ByB.AtC.OnD.InDoyouoftenlisten________theprogrammes________theradio.A.to/ofB.to/inC.to/onD.on/toPleasewait________theoffice.Don’tcomeinuntilyouarecalled.A.inB.intoC.insideD.outsideAreyougoingtoleaveGuangzhou__________Beijing?A.forB.toC.fromD.inThereisahole_______thewall.A.inB.atC.forD.towardsCanyoutellmetheway______ShanghaiZoo?A.toB.atC.forD.towards选择最佳答案(注意与一些动词搭配使用的介词)Thankyou_______yourcoming.A.toB.ofC.byD.forHespentalongtime______themathsproblem.A.inB.onC.forD.atMrLiisgoingtohelphim________hisChinesethisafternoon.A.withB.onC.byD.atHowmuchdidyoupay________thisbook?A.forB.atC.onD.withPleasetranslatethesentence______English.A.intoB.toC.atD.forPleasefillthebottle_______tea.A.byB.withC.forD.inThemachinescutbigpiecesofmetal____smallpieces.A.inB.byC.toD.intoYoucanborrowthebook________yourschoollibrary.A.fromB.toC.forD.atIprefercoffee_______tea.A.overB.toC.forD.thanWouldyoushowme________yourfactory?A.toB.inC.atD.roundHelpyourself_______somefish.Ittastesverynice.A.withB.onC.inD.toTheyhaven’tdecided________thedateforthenextmeeting.A.forB.byC.inD.onLetmeintroduceher_______you.A.withB.onC.toD.forLiLingfell_____hisbicyclethismorningA.onB.downC.offD.toIshouted______her,butshididn’thearme.A.toB.atC.onD.forTomhasmadefriends_____manyChinesestudents.A.withB.toC.byD.among选择最佳答案(注意介词的习惯用法)Canyoufindouttheanswer__________thesequestions?A.ofB.forC.toD.with__________hishelp,IpassedtheEnglishtestyesterday.A.UnderB.OfC.WithD.byDon’tforgettobringyourtextbook______you.A.inBafterC.withD.toThepeoplearewaiting____thebus,andtheyatestanding____line.A.for/onB.for/inC.at/onD.at/inCanyousingthissong_____English?A.withB.inC.byD.forWhoistheboy_____bluetrousers?A.inB.onC.withD.atHedecidedtogetsomemedicine_______hiscold.A.toB.ofC.onD.forThebaby’ssleeping.Don’tspeak_______sucha