水文预报课程设计

水文预报课程设计11学院：水利土木工程学院专业：水文与水资源管理班级：水文一班学号：********姓名：***指导老师：程**时间:2013年12月17日目录第一章课程设计内容及要求TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"1.1课程设计内容 3\o"CurrentDocument"基本要求 3\o"CurrentDocument"1.3设计题目 3第二章设计资料 3第三章蒸发计算\o"CurrentDocument"3.1蒸散发计算 4\o"CurrentDocument"3.2流域三层蒸散发模式计算图框 4\o"CurrentDocument"3.3流域蒸散发程序设计 5第四章产流计算4.1产流计算原理 9\o"CurrentDocument"4.2蓄满产流模型计算图框 9\o"CurrentDocument"4.3蓄满产流计算程序设计 10第一章设计内容及要求1.1课程设计内容三水源新安江模型包括产流、汇流两个主要内容。三水源新安江模型计算程序的编制主要涉及以下几个子模块：1、 用三层蒸散发模型计算蒸散发量；2、 用蓄满产流模型计算产流量。1.2基本要求1、 提交的报告成果以打印版形式上交。凡成果中涉及到需要编程计算的，均要有程序中所用到基本变量的说明，编程思路，以及程序代码。2、 完成时间为一周。1.3设计题目流域产流汇流的编程计算方法第二章设计资料已知资料：流域的降水（过程）、蒸发器实测值（过程）见下表。时序降水量mm器测值Emm时序降水量mm器测值Emm105.6915.16.0207.21006.2306.81163.23.0408.21256.82.7507.61323.53.463.07.4141.24.274.26.81505.8810.36.41607.4土壤含水量初值Wu=0，WL=2.2,Wd=20；蓄水容量Wum=15,WLm=85,Wdm=20，Wm=120，（单位均为mm）。B=0.3，蒸发折算系数K=0.95。第三章蒸散发计算3.1蒸散发计算在新安江模型中，流域蒸散发计算没有考虑流域内土壤含水量在面上分布的不均匀性，而是按土壤垂向分布的不均匀性将土层分为三层，用三层蒸散发模型计算蒸散发量。参数有流域平均张力水容量WM，上层张力水容量UM，下土层张力水容量LM，深层张力水容量DM，蒸散发折算系数KC和深层蒸散发折算系数C,计算公式如下：WM=UM+LM+DMW=WU+WL+WDE=EU+EL+EDEP二KC*EM式中：W为总的张力水蓄量，mm；WU为上层张力水蓄量，mm；WL为下层张力水蓄量，mm；WD为深层张力水蓄量，mm；E为总的蒸发量，mm；EU为上层蒸散发量，mm；EL为下层蒸散发量，mm；ED为深层蒸散发量，mm；EP为蒸散发能力，mm。具体计算为：若P+WU>=EP，则EU=EP,EL=0,ED=0若P+WU<EP,则EU=P+WU若WL>C*LM，则WL=(EP-EU)WL/LM,ED=0若WL<C*LM,且WL>=C*(EP-EU),则EL=C*(EP-EU),ED=0若WL<C札M且WL<C*(EP-EU),则EL=WL,ED=C*(EP-EU)-WL3.2流域三层蒸散发模式计算图框变量说明：时段蒸散发能力E ；流域上层土壤蒸散发量E；流域下层土壤蒸散发量E；流域深层土壤蒸散发量E；时段降水量P；与深层蒸散发有关的系数C；时段初流域上层土壤量W 、时段初流域下层土壤量W；时段初流域深层土壤量u,t-1 L,t-1Wd,t-1。3.3流域蒸散发程序设计注：因为处理的数据较多，用记事本存、取数据。'三层蒸发模型PrivateSubForm_Load()'逐日降水过程P(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'逐日蒸发能力Ep(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'逐日蒸发量E(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'时段初的蓄水量Wu(t-1),WL(t-1),Wd(t-1)'时段末的蓄水量Wu(t),WL(t),Wd(t)'深层蒸散发系数C'蒸散发折算系数kDimnAsInteger,P(30)AsSingle,EI(100)AsSingleDimEu(100)AsSingle,EL(100)AsSingle,Ed(100)AsSingle,E(30)AsSingleDimCAsSingleDimUAsSingle,LAsSingle,DAsSingleDimWu(100)AsSingle,WL(100)AsSingle,Wd(100)AsSingle,W(100)AsSingle,Ep(100)AsSingleDimWumAsSingle,WLmAsSingle,WdmAsSingle输入已知数据Open"C:\Users\郗鸿峰\Desktop\水文预报\水文预报ppt\p-E.txt"ForInputAs#1Input#1,nFort=1TonInput#1,P(t)NexttFort=1TonInput#1,EI(t)NexttInput#1,k,Wum,WLm,Wdm,C,Wu(0),WL(0),Wd(0)Close#1Fort=1Ton'计算雨后初始土壤含水量U=Wu(t-1)+P(t)IfU>=WumThenWu(t-1)=WumL=WL(t-1)+(U-Wum)IfL>=WLmThenWL(t-1)=WLmD=Wd(t-1)+(L-WLm)IfD>=WdmThenWd(t-1)=WdmElseWd(t-1)=DEndIfElseWL(t-1)=LEndIfElseWu(t-1)=UEndIf'计算时段蒸发量及时段末土壤含水量Ep(t)=k*EI(t)IfWu(t-1)>=Ep(t)ThenEu(t)=Ep(t)EL(t)=0Ed(t)=0ElseEu(t)=Wu(t-1)EL(t)=(Ep(t)-Eu(t))*WL(t-1)/WLmIfEL(t)<C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))ThenIfWL(t-1)<C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))ThenEL(t)=WL(t-1)Ed(t)=C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))-EL(t)ElseEL(t)=C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))Ed(t)=0EndIfElseEd(t)=0EndIfEndIfE(t)=Eu(t)+EL(t)+Ed(t)'计算雨后时段末土壤含水量Wu(t) = Wu(t - 1) - Eu(t)WL(t) = WL(t - 1) - EL(t)Wd(t) = Wd(t - 1) - Ed(t)Nextt'输出计算结果Open"C:\Users\郗鸿峰\Desktop\水文预报\水文预报ppt\p-E-out.txt”ForOutputAs#2Print#2,Print#2,Tab(30);〃三层模型计算结果〃，Print#2,Print#2,Print#2,Tab(3);"t";Tab(8);〃P(t)〃；Tab(16);〃Ep(t)〃；Print#2,Tab(25);"Eu(t)";Tab(35);"EL(t)";Tab(45);"Ed(t)";Print#2,Tab(55);"Wu(t)";Tab(65);"WL(t)";Tab(75);"Wd(t)";Print#2,Print#2,Tab(3);Format(0,"0");Tab(55);Format(Wu(0),"0.0");Print#2,Tab(65);Format(WL(0),"0.0");Tab(75);Format(Wd(0),"0.0");Fort=1TonPrint#2,Tab(3);Format(t,"0");Tab(8);Format(P(t),"0.0");Print#2,Tab(16);Format(Ep(t),"0.00");Tab(25)Format(Eu(t),"0.00");Print#2,Tab(35);Format(EL(t),"0.00");Tab(45)Format(Ed(t),"0.00");Print#2,Tab(55);Format(Wu(t),"0.00");Tab(65)Format(WL(t),"0.00");Print#2,Tab(75);Format(Wd(t),"0.00");Print#2,NexttClose#2EndSub数据读取：C:\Users\#鸿峰\Desktop\水文预报'水文预报ppt\p-E.txt16000003.0 4.210.3 15.1 056.8 23.5 1.2005.67.26.88.27.67.4 6.86.46.06.23.02.73.44.25.87.40.951585200.302.220.0输出计算结果：Open"C:\Users\#鸿峰\Desktop\水文预报\水文预报ppt\p-E-out.txt三层模型计算结果tP(t)Ep(t)Eu(t)EL(t)Ed(t)Wu(t)WL(t)Wd(t)00.02.220.010.05.320.001.600.000.000.6020.0020.06.840.000.601.450.000.0018.5530.06.460.000.001.940.000.0016.6140.07.790.000.002.340.000.0014.2850.07.220.000.002.173.000.0012.1163.07.033.000.001.214.200.0010.9074.26.464.200.000.6810.300.0010.22810.36.086.080.000.0015.004.3210.22915.15.705.700.000.009.304.3210.22100.05.895.890.000.0015.0055.9310.221163.22.852.850.000.0015.0085.0020.001256.82.572.570.000.0015.0085.0020.001323.53.233.230.000.0012.9785.0020.00141.23.993.990.000.008.9885.0020.00150.05.515.510.000.003.4785.0020.00160.07.033.473.560.000.0081.4420.00第四章产流量计算84.,1产流计算原理产流计算中采用蓄满产流模型。按照蓄满产流的概念，采用蓄水容量一面积分配曲线来考虑土壤缺水量分布不均匀的问题。因流域面较大，各处自由水蓄水容量不同，其分布规律可用自由水蓄水容量分布曲线描述。仿照流域(张力水)蓄水容量分布曲线，流域自由水蓄水容量分布曲线的方程：f/F=1-(1-W’/WMM)若PE+A<WMM,即局部产流时R=PE-WM[(1-(A/WMM)i+b)-(1-((PE+A)/WMM)i+b]即：R=PE-(WM-W)+WM(1-(PE+A)/WMM)1+b0若pe+a>=wmm,即全流域产流时：R=PE-(WM-W)0式中:W0为流域初始土壤蓄水量，mm;MM为流域平均最大蓄水容S,mm；R为总径流S,mm；其余符号意义相同。4.2蓄满产流模型计算图框变量说明：PE=PAt-EAt；流域土壤平均蓄水容量Wm；流域上层土壤平均蓄水容量Wum；流域下层土壤平均蓄水容量WLm；流域深层土壤平均蓄水容量Wdm；蓄水容量曲线指数B；时段初(末)流域土壤平均蓄水量Wt-1；时段末流域土壤平均蓄水量Wt；时段末流域上层土壤平均蓄水量Wt；时段末流域下层土壤平均蓄水量WLt；时段末流域深层土壤平均蓄水量Wdt；

4.3蓄满产流计算程序设计==4.3蓄满产流计算程序设计==注：因为处理的数据较多，用记事本存、取数据。'蓄满产流模型-1PrivateSubForm_Load()'逐日降水过程P(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'逐日器测蒸发值EI(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'逐日蒸发能力Ep(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'逐日蒸发量E(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'逐日产流量R(t),(t=1,2,...,n)'时段初蓄水量Wu(t-1),WL(t-1),Wd(t-1)'时段末蓄水量Wu(t),WL(t),Wd(t)'流域单点最大蓄水容量Wmm'流域平均蓄水容量Wm'蒸散发折算系数k'蓄水容量曲线的指数b'深层蒸散发系数CDimnAsInteger,P(50)AsSingle,EI(100)AsSingle,Ep(100)AsSingle,PE(50)AsSingleDimEu(100)AsSingle,EL(100)AsSingle,Ed(100)AsSingle,E(50)AsSingleDimAAsSingle,bAsSingle,CAsSingle,R(50)AsSingleDimUAsSingle,LAsSingle,DAsSingle,kAsSingleDimWu(100)AsSingle,WL(100)AsSingle,Wd(100)AsSingle,W(100)AsSingleDimWumAsSingle,WLmAsSingle,WdmAsSingle,WmAsSingle,WmmAsSingle'输入已知数据Open"c:\备课、水文预报、水文预报PPT\xu-man.txt"ForInputAs#1Input#1,nFort=1TonInput#1,P(t)NexttFort=1TonInput#1,EI(t)NexttInput#1,k,Wum,WLm,Wdm,b,C,Wu(0),WL(0),Wd(0)Close#1Wm=Wum+WLm+WdmWmm=Wm*(1+b)W(0)=Wu(0)+WL(0)+Wd(0)Fort=1Ton'蓄满产流模型计算产流量Ep(t)=k*EI(t)IfP(t)>Ep(t)ThenA=Wmm*(1-(1-W(t-1)/Wm)"(1/(1+b)))If(A+P(t)-Ep(t))<WmmThenR(t)=P(t)-Ep(t)+W(t-1)-Wm+Wm*(1-(A+P(t)-Ep(t))/Wmm)"(1+b)ElseR(t)=P(t)-Ep(t)+W(t-1)-WmEndIfElseR(t)=0EndIf'计算雨后初始土壤含水量U=Wu(t-1)+P(t)-R(t)IfU>=WumThenWu(t-1)=WumL=WL(t-1)+(U-Wum)IfL>=WLmThenWL(t-1)=WLmD=Wd(t-1)+(L-WLm)IfD>=WdmThenWd(t-1)=WdmElseWd(t-1)=DEndIfElseWL(t-1)=LEndIfElseWu(t-1)=UEndIf'根据雨后初始土壤含水量计算时段蒸发量IfWu(t-1)>=Ep(t)ThenEu(t)=Ep(t)EL(t)=0Ed(t)=0ElseEu(t)=Wu(t-1)EL(t)=(Ep(t)-Eu(t))*WL(t-1)/WLmIfEL(t)<C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))ThenIfWL(t-1)<C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))ThenEL(t)=WL(t-1)Ed(t)=C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))-EL(t)ElseEL(t)=C*(Ep(t)-Eu(t))Ed(t)=0EndIfElseEd(t)=0EndIfEndIfE(t)=Eu(t)+EL(t)+Ed(t)'计算雨后时段末土壤含水量Wu(t) = Wu(t - 1) - Eu(t)WL(t) = WL(t - 1) - EL(t)Wd(t) = Wd(t - 1) - Ed(t)W(t)=Wu(t) + WL(t) +Wd(t)Nextt'输出计算结果Open"c:\备课、水文预报、水文预报PPT\xu-man-out.txt"ForOutputAs#2Print#2,Tab(30);〃蓄满产流模型计算结果〃，Print#2,Print#2,Print#2,Tab(3);"t";Tab(8);〃P(t)〃；Tab(16);〃Ep(t)〃；Print#2,Tab(25);"Eu(t)";Tab(35);"EL(t)";Tab(45);"Ed(t)";Print#2,Tab(55);"Wu(t)";Tab(65);"WL(t)";Tab(75);"Wd(t)";Print#2,Tab(85);〃R(t)〃，Print#2,Print#2,Print#2,Tab(3);Format(0,"0");Tab(55);Format(Wu(0),"0.00");Print#2,Tab(65);Format(WL(0),"0.00");Tab(75);Format(Wd(0),"0.00");Fort=1TonPrint#2,Tab(3);Format(t,"0");Tab(8);Format(P(t),"0.0");Print#2, Tab(16);Format(Ep(t),"0.00");Tab(25)Format(Eu(t),"0.00");Print#2, Tab(35);Format(EL(t),"0.00");Tab(45)Format(Ed(t),"0.00");Print#2, Tab(55);Format(Wu(t),"0.00");Tab(65)Format(WL(t),"0.00");Print#2, Tab(75);Format(Wd(t),"0.00");Tab(85)Format(R(t),"0.00");Print#2,NexttClose