2017年圈考王12月英语四级考试考前预测卷

possess具有(品质、才能等.，拥有attribute属性，品质，特征devotion献身；专注recognizabledemonstrateenterprising有事业心的，有进取心的,arouserestonone’slaurelsNapaValley纳帕谷(位于加州，是最著名的葡萄酒产区.endeavor努力conservationslowdown Irespectthemostis…，whoIbelievepossessesalltheimportantattributesofarespectable.的原因。本句中Ibelieve是插入语。As…hehasdemonstratedhispassionforsportsinhisCBAandNBAWhat’Smore，hisenterprisingspirithasalsoarousedmydeeprespect．What’smore用于进一步说明观点，使文章更具说服力。Inaword，YaoMinghasshownUShowtoearnrespectinlifebyneverslowingdown．最后一句以inaword开头总结全文，再次点明。题听英语四级考试预测卷（位置：文件夹下打开即可2-262[单选题Christmas-timeattacksmadebySomaliAnexplosionatabusstationincentralThekillingofmorethan70UgandansinBlastssetoffbyaSomaligroupinUganda’s参考解析：[1]Kenyansayone waskilledand26injuredinanexplosionatabusstationincentralNalrobi.TheblasthitabusabouttosetofffortheUgandancapitalKampala.LastJuly,theSomaligroupai-ShababsaiditwasbehindtheblastsintheUgandancapitalwhichkilledmowthan70people.WillRossreportsfromtheKenyancapital.TheexplosionhappenedbesideabuswhichwasabouttosetoffforanovernightjourneyfromNairobitotheUgandancapitalKampala.[2]Someeyewitnessesreportthatabagwasabouttobeloadedonboard,butitexplodedduringasecuritycheck.Windowsoftheredbuswereleftsmashed,andbloodcouldbeseenonthegroundbesidethevehicle.Justhoursearlier,Uganda'schiefhadwarnedofpossibleChristmas-timeattacksbySomalirebels.Whatisthenewsreportmainlywhat提问。听到问题后立刻回忆所 法被称为“倒三角，，型。开头提到，肯尼亚称，在内罗毕中部的一个车站里发生的一起事故造成1死26伤。由此可知，这则主要叙述内罗毕发生的一起爆炸案，答案为B，同时排除D。本题答案也可以由后面的内容得到印证。中并未明确这起是谁制造的，故排除A；造成70多人丧生的乌干达首都是去年3[单选题OnChristmasJustbeforeDuringflsecurityInthesmallhoursofthe参考解析：Whendid occur?【做题提示】四个选项均表示时间，可知本题【解析】中提到，一些目击者称，一个行李包正要被装上汽车，但是它在过安检时爆炸了，由此可知，是在包安检过程中发生的，故本题选C。4[单选题ItislikelytoclosemanyofitsItisknownforthequalityofitsItremainscompetitiveintheItwillexpanditsonlineretail参考解析WoolworthsisoneofthebestknownnamesontheBritishHighStreet.It'sbeeninbusinessnearlyacentury.[4]Manyofits800storesarelikelytoclosefollowingthe'sdecisiontocallinadministrators[3]afteranattempttosellthebusinessforatoken£failed.Thehashugedebts.TheimmediatecauseforthecollapsehasbeenBritain'sslidetowardrecession,whichhascutintoconsumerspending.However,thebusinesshadbeenintroubleforyears.Knownforlow-pricedgeneralgoods,Woolworthshasstruggledinthefaceofcompetitionfromsupermarketsexpandingbeyondgroceriesandanewgenerationof ctManyofthestowgroup's25,000employeesarelikelytolosetheirjobs.SomeprofitableareassuchastheDVDpublishingbusinesswillsurvive.WhatdowelearnaboutWoolworthsfromthenews【做题提示】四个选项均以it为主语，描述了四种情况，听到问题后立刻回忆所听内容，锁定it的指代对象并结合选项作答。【解析】开头部分提到，伍尔沃斯是英国高街最著名的品牌之一，已经营近百年了，它企图以象征性的l英镑卖掉其业务，但没有成功，于是该公司做出了撤回分店管理者的决定，为此，其800多家分店中有许多很可能。由此可知，伍尔沃斯有可能关闭多家分店，故本题选A。5[单选题A.Expanditsbusinessbeyondgroceries．B.Fire25，000ofitscurrentC.CutitsDVDpublishingD.Sellthebusinessforone参考解析：WhatdidWoolworthsattempttodorecently?【做题提示】四个选项均为动宾短语，涉及拓展业务领域、解雇员工、削减业务和业务四个方面，听到问题后立刻回忆【解析】开头提到，afteranattempttosellthebusinessforatoken￡lfailed(企图以象)attempttodo相吻合，故可知，以一英镑其业务是该公司最近的企图，故本题答案为D。6[单选题A.AlltaxisbegantouseB.Alltaxisgotconditioning．C.AdvertisementsallowedonD.Oldtaxiswererecedwithnew参考解析Cairoisknownforitsovercrowdedroads,irregulardrivingpracticesandshakyoldvehicles,butalsoforitsairpollution.Inrecentmonths,though,environmentalstudiesindicatetherehavebeensignsofimprovement.[5]That'sdueinparttotheremovalofmanyofthecapital'sold-fashionedblackandwhitetaxis.Mostofthesedatedbacktothe1960sand70sandwereinapoorstateofrepair.Afternewlegislationdemandedtheirremovalfromtheroads,[6]alowinterestloanschemewassetupwiththreeEgyptianbankssodriverscouldbuynewcars.Theernmentpaysabout$900foroldonestobediscardedandadvertisingonthenewvehicleshelpscoverrepayments.Theideahasprovedpopularwithcustomers—theycannowtravelinair-conditioned[7]andbecausethenewcabsaremetered,theydon'thavetoargueoverfares.Banksandcarmanufacturersaregladfortheextrabusinessintougheconomictimes.Asforthetaxidrivers,mostaredelightedtobebehindthewheelofnewcars,althoughtherehavebeenafewcomintsaboutswitchingfromblackandwhitetoainwhitecolour.WhatchangetookceinCairo【解析】开头提到，开罗道路拥挤、车辆破旧、空气污染严重，紧接着说最近几个月这一情况得到了改善，下文给出了原因，首都许多老式的黑白色出租车已被取缔，在新法规做出这些出租车上路的规定之后，三家埃及银行开通了低息计划，以便能新车由可知新租车代出租是罗最发的变，本题选。、B两项说法过于绝对，不符合原文，故排除；开罗何时允许在出租车身上做，文中并7[单选题A.Alowinterestrotests．C.Taxipassengers’comints．D.Permissionforcaradvertising．参考参考解析：Whathelpedbringaboutthechange?【做题提示】四个选项均为名词性短语，推断本题以what提问。听到问题后立刻回忆所听内容，并结合选项作答。【解析】中提到，在新做出这些出租车上路的规定之后，三家埃及银行开通了低息计划。以便能够新车，由此可知，实施的新直接导致了这种题选A。8[单选题TherearenomoreirregularAllnewcabsprovideair-NewcabsareallequippedwithWhydocustomersnolongerarguewithnewcabdrivers?【做题提示】四个选项均为句子，描述了四种情况，两项与出租车有关，一项涉及规则，另一项涉及新法规对消费者权利的保护。听到问题后立刻回忆所听内容，并结合选项作答。选C。9[单选题Sheishard-ShehastocatchanearlySheisbusyintheShegetsuplateinthe参考解析：W:GoodmorningMr.Smith.MayIjoinyouonthewalkingexercise?Ithoughtitisagoodideatowalkaroundtogetsomefreshairearlyinthemorning.M:Docomealong.Itisnicetohavesomeforgoodexercise.Mywifecomesalongwithmesometimesbutsheisquiteirregular.[8]WehavealargefamilyandshehastopreparebreakfastforthechildrenandforW:DoyoutakewalkingexerciseeveryM:Yes.Ifeelmuchbetterafteragoodwalkinthemorning.Ihavetositatadeskthewhole[9]Someexercisebeforegoingtoworkhelps.Itclearsmyheadandputsvigorintomybody.W:Somepeopleprefertotakeaneveningwalkafterdinner.M:[10]Igetfairlylatecominghackfromoffice.ThenIhavemylittlesonwithhislessonsintheW:Thesedays,fitnesswalkingisgettingverypopular.Nearlyallmencomeoutforfitnesswalkingbetweenfiveandsixinthemorning.M:Inoticethattheyarethemiddle-agedandolderpeople,whoareoutwalkinginthemorning.Theyunderstandtheimportanceofmorningexercise.W:Yes,itseemslikethat.Theyoungwhitecollarsgotopartiesafterworksooftenthattheycanhardlygetupearlyinthemorning.Thatisthereasonfortheirabsencefromfitnesswalking.M:Alsoperhapstheyareintheprimeoflifeanddonotfeelthestrainlikeusoldermen.W:Yousaidit.M:Well,today'swalkingexercisewasveryrefreshingandinformative.[ll]Imustgohomenowandgetreadyforwork.Seeyoutomorrowagainformorningexercise.Whatdowelearnabouttheman's们准备早餐，没有时间来晨练，可见男士的妻子早上很忙，故本题应选C。A.It’sbetterthaneveningB.IthelpshimworkmoreC.YoungpeopledonotneedtotakeD.Morningexerciseisgenerally参考解析：Whatdoesthemansayaboutmorningexercise?①四项均提到了锻炼(eveningexercise，takeexercise，morningexercise)②三项含有表示好处或作用的词(better，help…workefficiently，informative)。结论：该题【解析】由上题可知，男士在中提到了上班前晨练很有好处，可以让他头脑清醒、充满，四项中只有B项“晨练让他工作更有效率”与此意思最为接近，故B为正确答A.HehastogotopartiesintheB.HehastopreparedinnerfortheC.TheairisnotfreshintheD.Hecan’taffordthe参考解析：Whydoesn'tthemantakeexerciseintheevening?②两项提到了在晚上(intheevening)【解析】当提到有些人喜欢在晚上锻炼时，男士说自己每天下班很晚，而且还要辅导孩子功课，故可知D项为正确答案。A.GoB.GotohisC.GotothebusD.SendhissontoWhatwillthemanprobablydonext?【听前预测】做的是回家，故A项正确。C.TheNileD.TheMuseumofNatural参考解析：M:[12]It'sgoodtoseeyouback.HowwasyourtriptoArizona?DidyouseetheGrandCanyon?W:Yes,itwasfantastic.NowIknowwhyitislistedtogetherwiththeNileRiver-asoneofthegreatnaturalwondersoftheworld.Here,wanttoseethepicturesItook?M:Oh,whataview!ItisevenbiggerthanIhadimagined.IrememberreadingabouttheGrandCanyonandIthinkitsaidthatitwasformedsuddenlywhentheearth'screstwassplitopenduringanearthquake.W:Well,notthatquickly.Look,hereisthepictureoftheColoradoRiver.Seewaydownatthebottomofthecanyon,thatriveranditsbrancheshavebeenwearingthecanyonfloorawayfortenmillionyears.M:Thenthecanyonistheresultofsoilerosion.I'llbetgeologistshavemadesomeinterestingdiscoveriesthere.W:[13]Notonlythegeologists,archaeologistshavefoundthebonesofextinctanimalsincavesinthecanyonwalls.[14]Inacaveonehundredandfortyfeetabovetheriver,theyfounddriftwoodthatdatesbackasfarasthirtyseventhousandyears.M:Thatmeanstherivermusthavebeenahundredandfortyfeethigherupwhenitcarriedthedriftwoodintothecave.W：It'sverypossible,butofcourse,whoknows.TheGrandCanyonisfullofmysteries.[15]Wouldn'tyouliketogotoArizonasomeday?M：YoubetIWherehasthewoman【听前预测】四项均是地点名称(Colorado，Arizona,theNileRiver，theMuseumofNatural【解析】男士在开头就问道：“很高兴看到你回来。你的亚利桑那之行怎么样?”可见是去了亚利桑那州。故选B。B.BiologicalC.Mociological．参参考解析：Whattypeofscientificdiscoveriesdoesthewomanmainlytalkab【听前预测】四项均为表示学科的形容词，分别为“archaeological(考古学的)biological(生物学的)”、“meteorological(气象学的)”、“sociological(社会学的)”。在听时应注意中是否提及以上，也可能需要根据中出现的科学解释辨别是属于哪一门学科。【解析】本题问主要讨论了哪一学科的研究发现。中男士提到：“对于大峡谷地理学家应该有很多有趣的发现。”回答道：“不仅是地理学家，考古学家在大峡谷已选。A.InaB.InaC.InaD.Ina参考解析：Wheredoesthewomansaythedriftwoodwasfound?【听前预测】四为【解析】本题问浮木是在什么地方被发现的。提到，在高于河面140英尺的一个中，考古学家发现了有37000年历史的浮木。故选A。A.SolveaB.Seecanyon．C.FindsomeD.Takesome参考解析：whatwouldthemanliketodosomeday?【听前预测】四以动词开【解析】本题问男士未来某一天要做什么事，答案线索在结尾处。问：“你不想有一天到亚利桑那州去看看吗?”男士回答：“YoubetIwould．(我肯定会去。)”可见他会youbetBA未提及，C和D太过具体，在中找不到依据。A.TheheadoftheAlumniB.AC.AprofessorofbusinessD.Astudentfromlastyear’s参考解析：[16]AsdirectoroftheAinmniOffice,letme eyoutothismeeting,andthankyouforyourinterestinourinternshipprogram.WhileitmayseemoddtostartnningnowinSeptemberyourfour-weekprogramnextJanuary,experiencehasshownthatsuchadvancednningisessential.[17]Thepurposeoftheprogramistogiveyouundergraduatesachancetoinvestigatecareeropportunitiesthroughworkexperience.Suchshort-termexperiencewillbehelpfulinfindingpermanentemploymentaftergraduation.Theprogrambasicallyprovidesyouwithafull-timejobwithoutpayoracademiccreditforthemonthofJanuarywhenthecollegeisclosed.Opportunitiesareavailableinawiderangeoffieldsincludingpublishing,publicadministration,healthcareandfinance.[18]Thejobsaresponsoredbyalumniwhoareactiveinthesefields.Whenyoutakeononeofthesejobs,thesponsorwilldefineyourtasksandsuperviseyourwork.ThefunctionoftheAlumniOfficeistobringyouandthesponsorstogether.BasedonyourresponsestoaquestionnairethatI'llhandouttoyouinaminute,wewillmatchyouwithoneormoresponsors.Nowyourmostimportantresponsibilityistowritetothesponsorsandapplyfortheinternship.Thecareeradvisoryservicehereoncampuscanhelpyouprepareyourletters.ThistaskmustbedonebeforeNovember.Youarealsoresponsibleformakingyourownhousingarrangementsandpayingyourlivingexpensesforthetimeyouareinvolvedintheprogram.Whoisthespeaker?四为表示人物的名词短语三项的均与校园生活有(headoftheAlumniOffice，professor，student)。3．四项均为单数，其中三项以a开头。【解析】本题考查者的。一开始者就开门见山地表明自己是“directoroftheAlumniOffice(校友)”。故选A。B.Undergraduatestudents．参考解析：Whomisthespeakeraddressing?四为表示人物的名词短语四为复数，其中两项与学生有关(interns，students)，两项与社会有【解析】address作及物动词时的含义是“向……致辞”，因此本题是在问者的对象是谁。者在内容的前半部分提到：“Thepurposeoftheprogramistogiveyouundergraduatesachance…—可见，者是在向一些本科生介绍校友会提供的实习项目。故选B。TheygivemoneytosponsortheTheywriteletters TheyprovidejobTheyworkfortheAlumni参考解析：What'sthefunctionofthealumniintheprogram?四以they开头谓语动词均为一般现在时，都表示提供某种协助(give，write，provide，workfor)。结作任务并监督你的工作。故选C。TogivebackgroundinformationaboutSantaCatalina ltheaudienceaboutnewbooksonSantaTointroduceatrainingfilmonTolpeopleaboutthemusicfromthe1930sand参考解析：Goodevening. eto"TravelogueNight".[19]TonightourspotlightisonSantaCatalinaIsland,located26upthesouthernCaliforniacoast.ForyearstheislandwithitstinyresorttownofAvalon,hasbeenahavenforcampers,fishersandswimmers.TheislandwasdiscoveredbyaPortugueseexplorerin1542.Duringitshistory,SantaCatalinapassedthroughthehandsofmanynations.[20]In1919,afterafiredestroyedmuchofAvalon,chewing-gummagnateWilliamWrigleyJr.purchasedtheislandwiththreemilliondollars.[21]Wrigleyboughttheislandprimarilyasthetrainingcampforhisbaseballteam,theChicagoCubs.Soon,however,themillionairebecameinterestedindeveloCatalinafurtherasabeautifulpeacefulretreatwithsomethingforeveryone.Duringthenexttenyears,hoswereconstructed,thegolfcourseenlarged,andevenaspecial ertheCatalinawasbuilttoeatery2,000passengers.In1928,Mr.WrigleydecidedtobuildahugedancehallcalledtheCasinoBallRoom.Withtheballroomdancecrazesweethecountrythenthecasinobecamethefavoritevenueofbignamebandleaders.[22]Themostfamousmusiciansandsingersofthe1930sand1940syedthereforthosewhoenjoyeddancingtotheirbigbandtunes.YoucanseeforyourselfwhatCatalinalookslikeasweturndownthelightsnow.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?四为不定式短语四含有与介绍有关的词汇(givebackgroundinformation，l，introduce)【解析1者在开头处就介绍了：“今天的《旅行见闻之夜》将带大家来到圣卡塔利娜岛。”接着，者介绍了小岛的地理位置、历史、后期建设开发等等，可见应选A.AB.AwealthyC.AnearlysettlerofSantaD.Abaseballyerfrom参考解析：WhowasWilliamWrigleyJr.?结论：此类选项一般与两种问题有关：第一种是考查者的，第二种涉及短文中提到的一个人。因本题已是第二题，故考查者的可能性稍小。需重点关注短文中提【解析】文中有关williamWrigleyJr．的主要有两处：l．chewing-gummagnatewilliamWrigleyJrpurchasedtheislandwiththreemilliondollars(口香糖业大亨小威糜·里格利300万美金的价格买下了这个小岛。)2Soonhowever,themillionairebecameinterestedindeveloCatalinafurtherasabeautifulpeacefulretreatwithsomethingforeveryone．(然而不久之后，这个百万富翁就对进一步将圣卡塔岛开发成为一个人人可以前往的美丽宁静的度假胜地产生了。)由此可知，williamwriglevJr．的是一个富商。故选B。TosetupanexclusiveTobuildaToestablishasummerretreatforTostartatrainingcampforabaseball参考解析：InitiallywhatwasWrigley'spurposeofbuyingtheisland?四含有表示建立、建设含义的词汇(setup，build，establish，start)。小岛是为了给他的棒球队“芝加哥幼兽队”当地。故选D。music．B.Opera．C.Big-bandmusic.D.Musiccomposedby参考解析：WhatkindofmusicwaspopularonSantaCatalinaIsland?【解析】者在结尾处提到：在20世纪30和40年代，最著名的音乐家和歌手在这里为那些伴着大乐队乐曲跳舞的人们表演(大乐队是一种以演奏爵士乐和摇摆乐为主的人数较多的乐队)。故选c．A.Recallingsomethingfromone’smemory．B.Thepreparatorymethodinexams．C.Conscience.mind．参考答案：[23]Didyoueverhavesomeone'snameonthetipofyourtongueandyetyouwereunabletorecallit?Whenthishappensagain,donottrytorecallit.Dosomethingelseforacoupleofminutes,andthenamemaycomeintoyourhead.Thenameistheresinceyouhavemetthisandlearnedhisname.Itonlyhastobedugout.[25]Theinitialefforttorecallpreparesthemindforoperation,butitisthesubconsciousactivitiesthatgotoworktodigupadimmemory.Forcingyourselftorecallalmostneverhelpsbecauseitdoesn'tloosenyourmemory;itonlytightensit.Studentsfindthepreparatorymethodhelpfulintheexaminations.Theyreadoverthequestionsbeforetryingtoansweranyofthem.[24]Thentheyanswerfirsttheonesofwhichtheyaremostconfident.Meanwhile,deepermentalactivitiesinthesubconsciousmindaretakingce;workisbeingdoneonthemoredifficultquestions.Bythetimetheeasierquestionsareanswered,answerstothemoredifficultoneswillusuallybegintocomeintoconsciousness.Itisoftenjustaquestionofwaitingforrecalltocometothememory.What'sthepassageabout?【解析】不少人都有过这样的经历：当你想叫出的名字时，却突然想不起来了。本篇短文以此为，介绍了唤醒的方法，并以学生在考试时答题的过程为例进行具体讲解，可见短文主要论述的是如何唤醒。故选A。FromtheonestheyarefamiliarwithtothedifficultFromtheshortonestothelongFromthecomplicatedonestotheeasyFromtheonestheyareconfidentoftothemoredifficult参考解析：Accordingtothepassage,whatkindoforderdostudentsusuallyfollowwhentheyanswerquestionsinexams?【解题思路】四为from…to…结构四提及ones，其中两项包含一对反义词(short／long，complicated／easy)。结论：本题可能考查做某事的先后顺序，需注意辨别ones指代何物。【解析】题干问学生在考试答题时往往依照怎样的顺序。短文后半部分提到，学生总是先做那些自己最有把握的题目，等这些比较简单的题目答完了，那些较难题目的答案也就想ArWhenyoucan’trecallsomethinginstantly，youshouldtryyourbesttodoWhenyoucan’trecallsomethinginstantly，you’dbetterhaveanoperationonyourThesubconsciousactivitiesmaygotoworktodigupadimForcingyourselftorecallmayloosenyour参考解析：WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?【解题思路四为成分完整的句子，其中两项 开头四含有与、回忆相关的词；E(recall，mind，subconscious，memory)【解析】短文中间部分提到，最初试图进行回忆的努力使意识准备好开始运转，但是，是活动负责去挖掘模糊的。强迫自己去回忆几乎从来都不会奏效，因为这样做非。Questions27-36arebasedonthefollowingWorriedaboutwhatpeoplearesayingaboutyou?Concernsaboutgossipcould“Asitturnsout，theactofgossipcanindeedbequitepowerful，saidJaredPiazzaofQueen’sUniversityinBelfast，NorthernIreland．PiazzaandJesseM．Beringastudiedthe26of72collegestudentswhowereaskedtodistributetokens(代金券.withamonetaryvaluebetweenthemselvesandsomeoneelse．Halfofthegroupwere27toldtheirdecisionwouldbediscussedwithathird“Participantswhoweretoldthatthereceiverwouldbecommunicatingtheireconomicdecisionwiththethirdpartywere28moregenerousintheirallocationsofthetokensthanparticipantswhowerenot29tobelievethattheirdecisionswouldbediscussed，"PiazzaandBeringasaidinthestudypublishedintheJoumalHumanBehavior．Theyaddedthatthemost30strategyfromaneconomicstandpointwouldhavebeenforastudentto31all10tokenstohimorherself,butthethreatofgossipseemedtohave32theirAlthoughgenderdidnotyamajorroleinthestudy，menwereslightlymore33than“Allocationsofmaleswere，onaverage，slightlygreaterthanallocationsoffemales，althoughtherewerealmosttwiceasmanyfemaleparticipants，”theresearchers34.Apreviousstudyshowedthatgossipismorepowerfulthantruth，suggestingpeoplebelievewhattheyhearthroughthegrapevineeveniftheyhaveevidencetothe35.I.allocateN.led27[单选题]第（26）ABCDEFGHIJKLMN参考解析：【参考译文】在意别人对你的看法吗?研究人员称，在意别人的流言蜚语会影响你的行为，包括你的程度。北爱尔兰贝尔法斯特皇后大学的贾里德·皮亚扎说：皮亚扎和杰西·M72名大学生给自己和其他人分发具有货币价值的代金券。皮亚扎和贝林加在于《人类行为》期的研究中：“那些知道分到代金券的人会将他们的分配结果告诉第的分配者，在分配的时候比那些未9]知他人将议论这一结果的分配者[勰]明显要得多。”研究人员还补充道，从经济角度考虑，最[30]10张代金券都[31]研究人员[34]补充说：“尽管参与该研究的女性数量几乎为的两倍，但平均来看，男名词．也可以作动词的过去式。根据语义判断，只有reactions符合语义。故正确选项为28[单选题]第（27）ABCDEFGHIJKLMN参考解析：语法判断：除去空格，句子非常完整，语法上没有句子成分欠缺。因此，空格中所填词汇应当不是句子的主干成分，即不是主、谓、宾，而是句子的补充成分，最有可能是副词。语义判断：备选项里副词有：still、significantly和also。从上下文语义进行判断，此句意为：“这些大学生中的一半人还知他们的分配结果会被第讨论。”因此，正确选项应为also。29[单选题]第（28）ABCDEFGHIJKLMN可能也是副词。语义判断：该句大意为：“知分配结果会被第知道的人，比那些未知的人明显要得多。”备选项中的副词只剩下still和significantly，综合考虑，significantly更符合语义上的要求。30[单选题]第（29）ABCDEFGHIJKLMNwerenot，后面是动词不定式结构，从语法上判断，此处可能为形容词，也可能为语态(即填入过去分词)。语义判断：备选项中的形容词有：beneficial、contrary、generouseconomicaltobelieve都不合适。可能为过去分词的有：added、swayed、fabricated、made、thought、led。根据语义判断，led最合适，且leadto为惯用搭配。31[单选题]第（30）ABCDEFGHIJKLMN参考解析：语法判断：空格前为themost，后面为strategy，故应填入形容词。语义判断：备选项中的形容词有：beneficial、contrary、generouseconomical。根据句意，正确答案应为beneficial，即指“最有利的”分配策略。32[单选题]第（31）ABCDEFGHIJKLMNforastudenttoall10tokens，因此从语法上来讲，不定式后应填入动词。语义判断：备选项中的动词只有allocate。此句意为：“研究人员还补充道，从经济角度考虑，最有利的分配策略是把所有10个代金券都分给自33[单选题]第（32）ABCDEFGHIJKLMNseemedtohavetheirdecision，语法上要求空格内填入过去分词。语义判断：备选项中可能为过去分词的还有：added、swayed、fabricated、made和thought。swayone’sdecision为惯用搭配，意为“影响的决定”，符合本句句意。故选C。34[单选题]第（33）ABCDEFGHIJKLMNmorethan，这是一个比较结构，因此空格中应填入形容词。语义判断：备选项中形容词还有：contrary、generouseconomical，本句意为：“尽管差异不是该项研究的重点，但比女性还是要略微一些。”因此，generous为正确选项。35[单选题]第（34）ABCDEFGHIJKLMNthereearcher，再往前是一个直接therearchers所说的话。语义判断：此句意为：“研究人员补充说：‘尽管参与该研究的女性数量几乎为的两倍，但平均来看，分给他人的代金add36[单选题]第（35）ABCDEFGHIJKLMN参考解析：语法判断：空格后面全文结束，因此语法线索，前面是the，在这种情况下空格中最可能是名词，但语法中亦有“the+形容词”表示名词的情况，如：therich(富人)、thedisabled(残疾人)等。语义判断：此句意为：“此前的一项研究表明，流言比事实更有。这意味着人们更容易相信，即使他们掌握了事实相反的依据。”可见此处应为thecontrary。HowYourLanguageAffectsYourWealthandDoesthelanguagewespeakdeterminehowhealthyandrichwewillbe?NewresearchbyKeithChenofYaleBusinessSchoolsuggestsso.Thestructureoflanguagesaffectsourjudgmentsanddecisionsaboutthefutureandthismighthavedramaticlong-termconsequences.TherehasIseenalotOfresearchintohowwedealwiththefuture.Forexample,thefamousmarshmallow(棉花糖.studiesofWalterMischelandcolleaguesshowedthatbeingabletoresisttemptationispredictiveoffuturesuccess.Four-year-oldkidsweregivenamarshmallowandweretoldthatiftheydonoteatthatmarshmallowandwaitfortheexperimentertocomeback,theywillgettwomarshmallowsinsteadofone.Follow-upstudiesshowedthatthekidswhowereabletowaitforthebiggerfuturerewardbecamemoresuccessfulyoungadults.Resistingourimpulsesforimmediatepleasureisoftentheonlywaytoattainthe thatareimportanttous.Wewanttokeepaslimfigurebutwealsowantthatlastsliceofpizza.Wewantacomfortableretirement,butwealsowanttodrivethatdazzlingcar,goonthatdreamvacation,orgetthosegorgeousshoes.Somepeoplearebetteratdelayinggratification(满足.thanothers.Thosepeoplehaveabetterchanceofaccumulatingwealthandkeeahealthylifestyle.Theyarelesslikelytobeimpulsebuyersorsmokers,ortoengageinunsafe.Chen'srecentfindingssuggestthatanunlikelyfactor,language,stronglyaffectsourfuture-orientedbehavior.Somelanguagesstronglydistinguishthepresentandthefuture.Otherlanguagesonlyweaklydistinguishthepresentandthefuture.Chen'srecentresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhospeaklanguagesthatweaklydistinguishthepresentandthefuturearebetterpreparedforthefuture.Theyaccumulatemorewealthandtheyarebetterabletomaintaintheirhealth.Thewaythesepeopleconceptualizethefutureissimilartothewaytheyconceptualizethepresent.Asaresult,thefuturedoesnotfeelverydistantanditiseasierforthemtoactinaccordancewiththeirfutureinterests.Differentlanguageshavedifferentwaysoftalkingaboutthefuture.SomelanguagessuchasEnglish,Korean,andRussian,requiretheirspeakerstorefertothefutureexplicitly(明确的..EverytimeEnglish-speakerstalkaboutthefuture,theyhavetousefuturemarkerssuchas"will"or"goingto."Inotherlanguages,suchasMandarin,Japanese,andGerman,futuremarkersarenotobligatory(强制性的..Thefutureisoftentalkedaboutsimilartothewaypresentistalkedaboutandthemeaningisunderstoodfromthecontext.AMandarinspeakerwhoisgoingtogotoaseminarmightsay"Woqutingjiangzuo,"whichtranslatesto"Igolistenseminar."LanguagessuchasEnglishconstantlyremindtheirspeakersthatfutureeventsaredistant.ForspeakersoflanguagessuchasMandarinfuturefeelscloser.Asaconsequence,resistingimmediateimpulsesandinvestingforthefutureiseasierforMandarinChertyzedindividual-leveldatafrom76developedanddevelocountries.Thisdataincludespeople'seconomicdecisions,suchaswhethertheysavedanymoneylastyear,thelanguagestheyspeakathome,demographics(人口统计资料.,andculturalfactorssuchas"savingisanimportantculturalvalueforme."Healsoyzedindividual-leveldataonpeople'sretirementassets,smokingandexercisinghabits,andgeneralhealthinolderage.Lastly,heyzednational-leveldatathatincludesnationalsavingsrates,countryGDPandGDPgrowthrates,countrydemographics,andproportionsofpeoplespeakingdifferentlanguages.People'ssavingsratesareaffectedbyvariousfactorssuchastheir e,educationlevel,age,religiousconnection,theircountries'legalsystems,andtheirculturalvalues.Afterthosefactorswereaccountedfor,theeffectoflanguageonpeople’ssavingsratesturnedouttobebig．Speakingalanguagethathasobligatoryfuturemarkers，suchasEnglish，makespeople30percentlesslikelytosavemoneyforthefuture．Thiseffectisaslargeastheeffectofunemployment．Beingunemployeddecreasesthelikelihoodofsavingbyabout30percentas ysesshowedthatspeakingalanguagethatdoesnothaveobligatoryfuturemarkers，suchasMandarin，makespeopleaccumulatemoreretirementassets，smokeless，exercisemore，andgenerallybehealthierinolderage．Countries’nationalsavingsratesarealsoaffectedbylanguage．Havingalargerproportionofpeoplespeakinglanguagesmatdoesnothaveobligatoryfuturemarkersmakesnationalsavingsrateshigher．Atamorepracticallevelresearchershavebeenlookingforwaystohelppeopleactinaccordancewiththeirlong-terminterests．Recentfindingssuggestthatmakingthefuturefeelclosertothepresentmightimprovefuture-orientedbehaviorForinstanceresearchersrecentlypresentedpeoplewithrenderingsoftheirfutureselvesmadeusingage-progressionalgorithms(算法.thatforecasthowphysicalappearanceswouldchangeovertime．Onegroupofparticipantssawadigitalrepresentationoftheircurrentselvesinavirtualmirror，andtheothergroupsawanage-morphedversionoftheirfutureselves．Thoseparticipantswhosawtheage-morphedversionoftheirfutureselvesallocatedmoremoneytowardahypotheticalsavingsaccount．Theinterventionbroughtpeople’sfuturetothepresentandasaresulttheysavedmoreforthefuture。Chen’sresearchshowsthatlanguagestructuresourfuture-relatedthoughts．Languagehasbeenusedbeforetoaltertimeperceptionwithsurprisingeffects．EllenLangerandcolleaguesfamouslyimprovedolderpeople’sphysicalhealthbysimpleinterventionsincludingaskingthemtotalkabouttheeventsoftwentyyearsagoasifittheywerehappeningnow．．Talkingaboutthepastasifitwerethepresentchangedpeople’smindsetsandtheirmindsetsaffectedtheirphysicalstates．Chen’sresearchpointsatthepossibilitythatthewaywetalkaboutthefuturecanshapeourmindsets．Languagecanmovethefuturebackandforthinourmentalspaceandthismighthavedramaticinfluencesonourjudgmentsanddecisions．37[单选题]Usually，preventingourselvesfromenjoyingimmediatepleasureimpulsivelyistheonlywaytoachievethe esthatareimportanttous．ABCDEFGHI参考解析：【参考译文】语言如何影响你的与健我们所说的语言是否会决定我们未来的健康和Khn研究表明事实正是如此。[7]语言结构会影响我们对未来的判断和决定，而这可能会产生极其长远的影响。关于我们如何应对未来的研究有很多。[39]WalterMischel和他的同事们一起进行的著名的“棉花糖实验”表明：能够抵御预示着未来的成功。实验中，实验员给一些4岁的孩子每人一块棉花糖，并们，如果等到实验员回来他们还没有棉花糖c)[3]我们要想获取一些对自己来说非常重要的成果，住眼前的一时痛快往往是唯一的办法。我们想要保持好身材，却又想要最后那块比萨。我们想要舒舒服服地退休，却也想开豪车，完成梦寐以求的旅行或者买华丽的鞋子。一些人在推迟满足感上比其他人做得好。他们更有可能积累并保持一种健康的生活方式。他们不大可能成为冲动购物者或吸烟者，也不大可能会发生的性行为。Cn的影响。在一些语言中很明显地区分了现在和将来，而在其他语言中，这种差别非常模糊。[2]hn最近的研究表明：使用不太区分现在和将来的语言的人对未来准备得更充分。他们会积累的，也更能保持自身健康。这些人构想未来的方式和他们构思现在的方式类似。因此，他们觉得未来并不遥远，而且对于他们来说，采取与其未来利益相符的行为方式也更为容易。当谈论将来时，不同的语言有不同的表达方式。一些像英语、韩语及俄语之类的语言要求他们的使用者清楚明确地将来。讲英语的人每次谈到将来时必须使用相应的标志性词汇，例如“将”或“打算”gt。而其他的一些语言，像中国的普通话、日语和德语则不一定非要那样。人们谈论未来和谈论现在的方式相似，要通过语境才能理解意思。一个说普通话的人如果打算去听讲座，可能会说“我去听讲座”，译成英语就是“Igoni”。[0诸如英语这样的语言会不断提醒其使用者未来是很遥远的。而对于说45]Chen76的经济决策譬如去年有没有存钱、在家中所使用的语言、人口统计数据以及一些文化因素，如“储蓄对于我来说是一种非常重要的文化价值观”。他还分析了关于人们的退休资产、吸烟和运动习惯以及老年人的总体健康状况等个人层面的数据。最后，他分析了国家层面的数据，包括国民储蓄率、国内生产总值及其增长率、国家人口统计数据以及使用不同语言的人所占的比例．诸如收入、教育水平、、信仰、所在国的及文化价