2016年全国卷1高考英语试题及解析

英 注意事项2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案第一部分（共两节，满分30分

第一节（5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分听下面5段，每段后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15CWhatarethespeakerstalkingHavingabirthdayngsomeGettingLydiaaWhatisthewomangoingtoHelptheTakeaGetaWhatdoesthewomansuggestthemanlKatetoCallKate,sStayawayfromWheredoestheconversationprobablytakeInawineInaInaWhatdoesthewomanKeepthewindowGooutforfreshTurnonthe66、7WhatisthemangoingtodothisTeachaRepairhisWorkatahoHowwillthemanusetheTohireaTobuyTopayforaboat78、9WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweentheWhatdoesFrankntodorightafterWorkasaTravelaroundtheStarthisown第二节（151.522.5分听下面5段或独白。每段或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段或独白读两遍。81012WhydoesthewomanmaketheTobookahoToaskabouttheroomTomakechangestiaWhenwillthewomenarriveattheho?A.OnSeptember15B.OnSeptemberC.OnSeptemberHowmuchwillthewomanpayherroomper C.91316Whatisthewoman’snforGoingshopB.GoingcamC.GoingWherewilltnewomanstayinInacountry B.Inafive-starhoC.Inheraunt’sWhatwillGordondoovertheVisithisfriendsB.WatchDVDsC.JointheWhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon’scomingweekend? 101720 isWangA.A B.An C.AnWhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear?A.It’sunpredictable B.It’squitestableC.It’snotoptimisticWharpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow? 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C.50％WhyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptaTheyneedmoreworkThesalaryisusuallyTheirchoiceis（40分第一节（15230分AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addanshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneedIn1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetlfftheMontgmerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredlrgivingin,”saidParks.WhatisjaneAddamsnotedforinHersocialHerlackofpropertraininginHereffortstowinaHercommunityWhatisthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawHerlackofpropertraininginHerlittleworkexperienceinThediscriminationagainstThepoorfinancialWhomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementinthe B.Rachel C.SandraDayWhatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedintheTheyarehighly B.TheyaretrulyC.Theyare D.Theyarepeace-BGrandparentsAnsweraandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelptheirchildren,shepoliyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGaffinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemovetoasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertothechildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudygrandparentscom.83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson‘sdecisionwillinfluencethegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.“inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughfsstenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofgratemanazineforgrandparents.Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportant””tobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’rerainingchildren.”Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.WhywasGarza’smoveaItstrengthenedherfamilyItimprovedherlivingItenabledhermakemoreIthelpedherknowmorenewWhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sA．17%expressedtheirsupportforit.B．Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.C．83%believedithadabadinfluence.D．ThemajoritythoughtitwasaWhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleintheTheywereunsureofraisemoreTheywereeagertoraisemoreTheywantedtoliveawayfromtheirTheybadlittlerespectfortheirWhatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelasrMakedecisionsinthebestinterests'oftheirAsktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstoSacrificefortheirstrugglingGettoknowthemselvesCIampeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.Since March2012,I'vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimntedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.牛校网IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmericaIpickedupthestemcellsinProvidenceRhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidencetheladyonthedesksaid:”WellI’mreallysorryI’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:”Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-pleasepleaseyou’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallncetobeheldforme.re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyForthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatboxyou’regotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.Whichofthefollowingcanrecetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph17Aprovider BdeliverymanC DmedicalWhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithinHecannotstayawayfromhisjobtooThedonorcanonlywaitforthatTheoperationneedsthatveryTheicewon'tlastanyWhichflightdidthewomanputPeteron B.ToC.To D.ToDThemeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,orworrySilencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsas fortablethereforeattemptsmaybemadetofillevery 隙)withconversation.sinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingarson'sneeds.ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeoplejustassometraditionalandThaisdo.Therefore,whenafromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied(暗示)isthatthewantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicudnerdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyainauthorityratherthanberudetothatbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,sinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorainauthority.Nursesandothercare-geiversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthealanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexpericencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(治愈)valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareoffromtheirownandfromotherWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinItimpliesItpromotesItisculture-Itiscontent-WhichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulTheTheTheTheWhatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutLetitcontinueasthepatientBreakitwhiletreatingEvaluateitsharmtoMakeuseofitshealingWhatmaybethebesttitlefortheSoundandWhatItMeanstoBeSilencetoNativeSpeechIsSilver;SilenceIs第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分Secretcodes()keepmessagesprivateBanks,companies,andernmentagenciesusesecretcodesinngbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.ThescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledTherearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“1352013Acodeusessymbolstorecewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39Forexample,”bridge“mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.ItisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodeInanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanOnlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadtheAslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakYoucanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitWithacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherAnotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthe第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、CD）中，选出可以填入空白处的AHeroicLarryworkswithTransportDrivers.Inc.Onemorningin2009.Larrywas along165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.hegotcloserhefound44vehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticed45shootingoutfromunderthe46vehicleLarrypulledoversetthebrakeand47thefireextinguisher灭火器).Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasputout.Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson48andtoldLarryhehad49anemergencycall.50heardawoman’svoicecomingfromthewrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.51thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencynelarrived,53shethoughtthecarwasgoingto54.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmove55sheinjuredherneck.Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrive,Larryandtheotherman56andletthemgotowork.Then,Larryaskedthe57ifhewasneededor58togo.Theylethimandtheothermango.Onething mostlikelysavedthewoman’sA. B.touring A.passengersB. C. D.A. B. D.A. B.anotherC. D.A. B.smokeC. D.A. B. C. D.A.gothold B.preparedC.tookcharge D.A.came B.came C.came D.cameA. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.ParkingC. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.slip C.fall D.A.as B. C.in D.A.stepped B.backed C.moved D.setA. B.C. D.A. B. C. D.A.for B.for C. B. C. 第IIChengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhos.ButfortouristslikepandasareitstopSoitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBasewhereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I62_（arrow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentreFromtomorrowIwillbetheirUKambassadorThetitlewillbe63(officialgiventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback64mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter66(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude67_(i