中考被动语态考梳理

-PAGE6-中考被动语态考点梳理2019中考被动语态考点梳理语态有“主动”与“被动”两种。主动语态表示主语与谓语之间形成的是主谓关系，例如“某人做某事、某事发生了”等。被动语态则表示主语与谓语之间形成的是动宾关系，例如“某人被告知某事、某事被做了”等。我们在解答被动语态试题时，应了解中考关于被动语态的命题特点，做到以下“六注意”：一、注意题中有“陷阱”部分考查主动语态的单选题，常以动词的被动形式作为干扰项。也就是说，这类试题貌似考查被动语态，其实是考查主动语态。这类“声东击西”的试题往往会使我们在答题时误入“陷阱”。【中考例题】 1.(2015安顺)PremierZhouEnlai______formanyyears,hestilllivesintheheartsofChinesepeople. A.died B.wasdied C.hasbeendead D.hasbeendied 2.(2015广州)MissBrown,we______cleaningourclassroom.Canyougohomenow? A.finish B.finishing C.arefinished D.havefinished 3.(2014菏泽)Look,somanypeoplearerunningourofthestation.Iwonderwhat______. A.ishappened B.washappening C.ishappening D.hadhappened 4.(2013荆门)Since2000,Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything______. A.ischanged B.waschanged C.hadchanged D.haschanged 5.(2013兰州)—Thefoodlookedbad,butit______OK.—Sowecan’tjudgeamanbyhisappearance. A.istasted B.tasted C.wastasted D.taste 6.(2013常州)Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,______well. A.sells B.sell C.issold D.aresold 7.(2013河南)—Excuseme.I’mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.—Sorry.Thebookyouaskfor______out. A.isselling B.issold C.wasselling D.willbesold【答题策略】第1题中的die属于不及物动词，不能用bedied，也没有havebeendied等被动形式；句中还有表示“一段时间”的状语formanyyears，因此要选主动语态的完成时作为句子的谓语。第2题中的finish属于及物动词，可以有被动，但是本句的主语是we，“我们”和“完成”属于主谓关系，因此本句要用主动语态。第3题中的happen属于不及物动词，不能用is/was/havebeenhappened等被动形式。第4题中的“事物”与“变化”属于主谓关系，故用主动语态。第5题中空格后的OK是形容词，意为“好的，不错的”，因此可以看出空格处应是表示“尝起来(味道是)……”的连系动词，英语中，连系动词没有被动语态。第6题中考查主动结构表被动含义。某些可以和well，easily，smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词(如wash，sell，grow等)，当主语是无生命的名词或代词时，常用主动语态形式表示被动含义，表示“主语本身做得怎么样”，如sellwell意为“畅销”，groweasily意为“长得容易；很容易生长”等。但是当主语是“物品”时，动词短语sellout(卖完)要用被动语态，如第7题。二、注意语态、时态综合考查被动语态是通过不同的时态体现的。中考英语单选题中最常考的有：时态结构形式※一般现在时am/is/are+done※一般过去时was/were+done现在进行时am/is/are+beingdone过去进行时was/were+beingdone※现在完成时have/has+beendone过去完成时had+beendone※一般将来时shall/will+bedone；am/is/aregoingto+bedone过去将来时would+bedone；was/weregoingto+bedone※含有情态动词情态动词+bedone语态、时态综合考查的试题，选项中常以不同的时态作为干扰点。因此，解题时必须根据句中的时间状语选择对应的时态。如果没有明确的时间状语，则根据上下文提供的信息判断对应的时态。【中考例题】 8.(2015成都)Chengduisagreenercitynowbecausemoreandmoretrees_____everyspring. A.wereplanted B.areplanted C.willbeplanted D.willplant 9.(2014广东)—Chinese______bymanypeopleallovertheworldtoday.—Yes,Iagreewithyou. A.learnt B.islearn C.islearnt D.islearning 10.(2015克拉玛依)—DidJackcometoourpartyyesterday?—No,he______. A.didn’tinvite B.wasn’tinvited C.isn’tinvited D.hasn’tinvited 11.(2015重庆B)Ournewlibrary______lastyear.Weenjoyedreadingandstudyinginit. A.builds B.built C.isbuilt D.wasbuilt 12.(2015梅州)The31stGames______inRiodeJaneiroofBrazilnextyear. A.isheld B.willhold C.willbeheld D.isgoingtohold 13.(2015泰安)—Lily,willyougotoJenny’sbirthdaythisSaturday?—I’mnotsure.BecauseI______sofar.A.haveinvited B.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tbeeninvited D.willbeinvited 14.(2015广州)Manyhouses______bytheearthquakeandthousandsofpeoplewerelefthomeless. A.damaged B.weredamaged C.weredamaging D.aredamaged 15.(2015江西)Youcan’twearshoesinsidethisplace.It______. A.doesn’tallow B.isn’tallowed C.hasn’tallowed D.wasn’tallowed 16.(2015兰州)Hehasorderedawatchonlineforhisfatherandit______tohimbeforeFather’sDay. A.send B.willbesent C.wassent D.sent 17.(2014长沙)—I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthetasksuccessfully.—Don’tworry.You______plentyoftimetodoit.A.willbegiven B.give C.willgive D.willbegiving三、注意语态、时态、主谓一致综合考查某些考查被动语态试题的选项中，不但以时态和主动语态作为干扰点，还将主谓一致的考查纳入其中。解答这类试题，必须对时态、语态、主谓一致同时考虑。18.(2015天津)Thenovel______bymanypeopletoday. A.isread B.areread C.reads D.wereread 19.(2015福州)—Don’tsmokehere,Dad.Smoking______inpublicplaces.—Oh,sorry.I’llstoprightnow.A.isn’tallowed B.aren’tallowed C.doesn’tallow D.didn’tallow 20.(2015烟台)Everyoneinourclass______totakepartintheEnglishSpeechContest. A.isencouraged B.encourages C.areencouraging D.areencouraged 21.(2013重庆A)Alotoftrees____aroundhereeveryyearandwecanenjoyfresherairnow. A.plant B.isplanted C.wereplanted D.areplanted 22.(2014云南)China’shotwords,liketuhao,damaandlianghui,______onthewesternmedia(媒体). A.usewidely B.iswidelyused C.useswidely D.arewidelyused 23.(2014绵阳)Apopularsport,ping-pong,______bymanypeoplearoundChina,forfunandexercise. A.areenjoyed B.wasenjoyed C.wereenjoyed D.isenjoyed 24.(2013梅州)Thechildwithoutparents______goodcareofbyhisteacherinthisspecialschool. A.istaken B.aretaken C.take D.takes 25.(2013苏州)—Haveyouheardaboutthatcataccidentneartheschool?—Yes,luckilynoone______.A.hurt B.washurt C.hashurt D.werehurt 26.(2013黄石)It’ssaidthat______ofthewateraroundtheworld______polluted. A.twothird;has B.twothirds;have C.twothird;are D.twothirds;is 27.(2013天津)—Whatlanguages______inthatcountry?—GermanandEnglish.A.arespeaking B.arespoken C.speak D.isspoken四、注意时间和条件状语从句中的语态和时态 主动语态中，条件状语从句和部分时间状语从句的谓语要用一般现在时表示将来的概念。在被动语态中，依然要遵循这个规则。【中考例题】 28.(2015龙岩)—Dad,canIplaycomputergames?—Notuntilyourhomework______. A.finishes B.willfinish C.isfinished D.willbefinished 29.(2013青岛)Thesongremindsmeofmyoldschooldaysassoonasit______. A.isplayed B.plays C.willbeplayed D.willplay 30.(2015乌鲁木齐)—Mum,canIpickstrawberrieswithmyclassmatesonSanpingfarmthisweekend?—Sure.Ifyourhomework______.A.isfinished B.finishes C.willbefinished D.willfinish 31.(2014黄冈)—Claudia,areyougoingtoJeff’sbirthdaypartythisSaturday?—UnlessI______.A.willbeinvited B.aminvited C.wasinviting D.invitedA.built B.wasbuilt C.isbuilt D.builds 17.(1998)Hisschoolbag______byawomantenminutesago.A.tookaway B.hadtakenaway C.wastakenaway D.weretakenaway 18.(2015邯郸一模)Smoking______here.Can’tyouseethesign? A.doesn’tallow B.won’tallow C.isn’tallowed D.wasn’tallowed19.(2015邯郸二模)Don’tworry.You______plentyoftimetofinishthetasktomorrow.A.give B.aregiving C.willgive D.willbegiven 20.(2014邯郸一模)Flowersandtrees______everyyear.Nowourcityisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.haveplanted D.wereplanting 21.(2014邯郸二模)Anewgym______inourneighbourhoodnextyear.A.isbuilt B.wasbuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.willbebuilt 22.(2013邯郸一模)It’ssaidthatthetelephone______byBellinthe1870s. A.invented B.isinvented C.wasinvented D.willbeinvented 23.(2013邯郸二模)—Allthemobilephonesmust______beforethemeetingbegins. —OK,Iwill. A.turnoff B.turnedoff C.beturnedoff D.areturnedoff24.(2012邯郸一模)—Wehaven’tgotthenewbooksyet. —Don’tworry.They_____toourschooltomorrow. A.aresent B.willsend C.willbesent D.aresending25.(2012邯郸二模)—Handanisbecomingmuchmorebeautiful.It'slikeabiggarden. —Yes.Manytreesandflowers_____inourcityeveryyear. A.areplantingB.areplanted C.wereplantingD.wereplanted完形填空一篇WhenIwasinmyfirstyearofmiddleschool,myfatherdied.AndmymothergotilljustafterIstartedhighschool.Ihadto1goingtoschoolbecausemymotherhadnomoneytopaymyschoolbills.Westartedworkinginpeople’sgardenstosaveupenoughmoneyformetogobacktoschool.2,Ireturnedtoschool.Verysadly,mymotherdiedthenextyear.Suddenlymyworldwent3.IaskedmyheadmasterifIcouldworkfortheschool4Icouldpaymybills.Hewasanicemanandletmeworkintheschoolgardenduringthe5.Ihadnotbeenabletostudywellbecauseofmymother’sdeath.Attheendofmysecondyear,I6mostofmyexamsandhadtorepeattheyear.Afteranothersummerofworkingintheschoolgarden,Iwentbacktoclassesagain.ButsuddenlyIfell7.Becauseofmyillness,Iwasweakandcouldn’tworkatschool.Iwashopeless(无望的).Myheadmastertoldmenotto8.Andmyteachersandclassmateshelpedmealot.Now,I’mfeelingbetterandwill