案例教案ielts课时reading session

Session9:Multiplechoice

1Session9:Multiplechoice

1QuestionType11:Multiplechoice2(multipleQuestionQuestionChooseTWOletters,A-Thequestionasksyoutochoosemorethanoneanswers.Writethecorrectletterinboxes…onThequestionisalwaysrelatedtooneortwoparagraphs.(NBYouranswersmaybegiveneitherSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:

1StepUsethepromptStep用题干中的定位词或

ChooseStepinStepanswer在选项中选择（特

MatchtheanswerchoiceswiththeStepStepSession9:Multiplechoice

1Multiplechoice2:SampleCambridge9,Test3,PassageQuestions18-ChooseFIVEletters,A-WhichFIVEofthefollowingclaimsabouttidalpoweraremadebythewriter?AItisamorereliablesourceofenergythanwindBItwouldreceallotherformsofenergyinCItsintroductionhascomeasaresultofpublicDItwouldcutdownonairEItcouldcontributetotheclosureofmanyexistingstationsinFItcouldbeameansofincreasingnationalGItcouldfacealot fromotherfuelHItcouldbesoldmorecheaplythananyothertypeofIItcouldcompensatefortheshortageofinlandsitesforenergyJItisbestproducedinthevicinityofcoastlineswithSession9:Multiplechoice

1Multiplechoice2:SampleTidalUnderseaturbineswhichproduceelectricityfromthetidesaresettoeanimportantsourceofrenewableenergyforBritain.Itisstilltooearlytopredicttheextentoftheimpacttheymayhave,butallthesignsarethattheywill yasignificantroleinthefuture.Operatingonthesameprinciplesaswindturbines,thepowerinseaturbinescomesfromcurrentswhichturnbladessimilartoships’propellers,but,unlikewind,thetidesareandthepowerinputisconstant.ThetechnologyraisestheprospectofBritainingself-

inrenewableenergyanddrasticallyreducingitscarbondioxideemissions.Iftide,windandwavepowerarealldeveloped,Britainwouldbeabletoclosegas,coalandnuclearpower ntsandexportrenewablepowertootherpartsofEurope.Unlikewindpower,whichBritainoriginallydevelopedandthenabandonedfor20yearsallowingtheDutchtomakeitamajorindustry,underseaturbinescouldeabigexportearnertoislandnationssuchasJapanandNewZealand.Session9:Multiplechoice

1Multiplechoice2:SampleTidalTidalsiteshavealreadybeenidentifiedthatwillproduceonesuchormoreoftheUK’spower—couldproduce10%ofthecountry’selectricitywithbanksofturbinesunderthesea,andnewestnuclearnt,SizewellB,inSuffolk.OthersitesidentifiedincludetheBristolChannelSession9:Multiplechoice

1Multiplechoice2:SampleActionn–StepUsethepromptand可以用题干中的提示来定位（题干中会提示该题目出自哪几段）可以用题干中的定位词来定位，也可以用其他题目协助定位题目往往涉及到文章的1-2段内容Multiplechoicequestion:WhichFIVEofthefollowingclaimsabouttidalpoweraremadebytheNextquestion:AnunderseaSession9:Multiplechoice

1Multiplechoice2:Sample n–StepChoosethe theanswerchoices.挑 即可协助定位又可用Choosethe theanswerchoices. ItisamorereliablesourceofenergythanwindItwould ceallotherformsofenergyinItsintroductionhascomeasaresultofpublicItwouldcutdownonairItcouldcontributetotheclosureofmanyexistingpowerstationsinItcouldbeameansofincreasingnationalItcouldfacealot fromotherfuelItcouldbesoldmorecheaplythananyothertypeof Itcouldcompensatefortheshortageofinlandsitesforenergy ItisbestproducedinthevicinityofcoastlineswithparticularfeaturesSession9:Multiplechoice

1Multiplechoice2:SampleActionn–Stepchoiceswiththe选项里的内容要和原到同义替换添加或者遗漏信息都不是正确答案 Answer:A(tips:结合选项中的 Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Cambridge5,Test2,PassageQuestions9-ChooseTWOletters,A-NBYouranswersmaybegivenineitherorder.WhichTWOofthefollowingfactorsinfluencingthedesignofBakeliteobjectsarementionedinthetext?thefunctionwhichtheobjectwouldtheeasewithwhichtheresincouldfillthethefacilitywithwhichtheobjectcouldberemovedfromthethefashionablestylesoftheTestUsethenouninthequestiontolocate.PayattentiontoIfpossible,youcanchooseverb Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Thebirthof In1907,LeoHendrickBaekeland,aBelgianscientistworkinginNewYork,discoveredandpatentedarevolutionarynewsyntheticmaterial.Hisinvention,whichhenamed‘Bakelite’,wasofenormoustechnologicalimportance,andeffectivelylaunchedthemodern sticsindustry.Theterm‘stic’comesfromtheGreek ssein,meaning‘tomould’.Some sticsarederivedfromnaturalsources,somearesemi-synthetic(theresultofchemicalactiononanaturalsubstance),andsomeareentirelysynthetic,thatis,chemicallyengineeredfromtheconstituentsofcoaloroil.Someare‘thermostic’,whichmeansthat,likecandlewax,theymeltwhenheatedandcanthenbereshaped.Othersare‘thermosetting’:likeeggs,theycannotreverttotheiroriginalviscousstate,andtheirshapeisthusfixedforeverBakelitehadthedistinctionofbeingthefirsttotallysyntheticthermosetting Thehistoryoftoday’s sticsbeginswiththediscoveryofaseriesofsemi-syntheticthermosticmaterialsinthemid-nineteenthcentury.Theimpetusbehindthedevelopmentoftheseearly sticswasgeneratedbyanumberoffactors—immensetechnologicalprogressinthe ofchemistry,coupledwithwiderculturalchanges,andthepragmaticneedtofindacceptablesubstitutesfordwindling sof‘luxury’materialssuchastortoises andivory.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Baekeland’sinterestinsticsbeganin1885when,asayoungchemistrystudentinBelgium,heonresearchintophenolicresins,thegroupofstickysubstancesproducedwhenphenol(carbolicacid)combineswithanaldehyde(avolatilefluidsimilartoalcohol).Hesoonabandonedthesubject,however,onlyreturningtoitsomeyearslater.By1905hewasawealthyNewYorker,havingrecentlymadehisfortunewiththeinventionofanewphotographicpaper.WhileBaekelandhadbeenbusilyamassingdollars,someadvanceshadbeenmadeinthedevelopmentofstics.Theyears1899and1900hadseenthepatentingthefirstsemi-syntheticthermosettingmaterialthatcouldbemanufacturedonanindustrialscale.Inpurelyscientificterms,Baekeland’smajorcontributiontothefieldisnotsomuchtheactualdiscoveryofthematerialtowhichhegavehisname,butratherthemethodbywhichareactionbetweenphenolandformaldehydecouldbecontrolled,thusmakingpossibleitspreparationonacommercialbasis.On13July1907,Baekelandtookouthisfamouspatentdescribingthispreparation,theessentialfeaturesofwhicharestillinusetoday.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Theoriginalpatentoutlinedathree-stageprocess,inwhichphenolandformaldehyde(fromwoodorcoal)wereinitiallycombinedundervacuuminsidealargeegg-shapedkettle.TheresultwasaresinknownasNovalak,whichbecamesolubleandmalleablewhenheated.Theresinwasallowedtocoolinshallowtraysuntilithardened,andthenbrokenupandgroundintopowder.Othersubstanceswerethenintroduced:includingfillers,suchaswoodflour,asbestosorcotton,whichincreasestrengthandmoisture,compoundofammoniaandformaldehydewhichdtheadditionalformaldehydenecessarytoformthermosettingresin.Thisresinwasthenlefttocoolandharden,andgroundupasecondtime.TheresultinggranularpowderwasrawBakelite,readytobemadeintoavastrangeofmanufacturedobjects.Inthelaststage,theheatedBaketitewaspouredintoahollowmouldoftherequiredshapeandsubjectedtoextremeheatandpressure,thereby‘setting’itsformforlife.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1ThedesignofBakeliteobjects,everythingfromearringstoevisionsets,wasernedtoalargeextentthetechnicalrequirementsofthemouldingprocess.Theobjectcouldnotbedesignedsothatitwaslockedintothemouldandthereforedifficulttoextract.Acommongeneralrulewasthatobjectsshouldtapertowardsthedeepestpartofthemould,andifnecessarytheproductwasmouldedinseparatepieces.MouldshadtobecarefullydesignedsothatthemoltenBakelitewouldflowevenlyandcompleyintotheSharpcornersprovedimpracticalandwerethusavoided,givingrisetothesmooth,‘streamlined’stylepopularinthe1930s.Thethicknessofthewallsofthemouldwasalsocrucial:thickwallstooklongertocoolandharden,afactorwhichhadtobeconsideredbythedesignerinordertomakethemostefficientuseofSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Baekeland‘sinvention,althoughtreatedwithdisdainmitsearlyyears,wentontoenjoyanunparalleledpopularitywhichlastedthroughoutthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.Itbecamethewonderproductofthenewworldofindustrialexpansion—‘thematerialofathousanduses’.Beingbothnon-porousandheat-resistant,Bakelitekitchengoodswerepromotedasbeinggerm- seizedonitsinsulatingproperties,andconsumerseverywhererelisheditsdazzlingarrayofshades,delightedthattheywerenow,atlast,nolongerrestrictedtothewoodtonesanddrabbrownsofthepre-sticera.Itthenfellfromfavouragainduringthe1950s,andwasdespisedanddestroyedinvast ties.Recently,however,ithasbeenexperiencingsomethingofarenaissance,withreneweddemandfororiginalBakeliteobjectsinthecollectors'marketce,andmuseums,societiesanddedicatedindividualsonceagainappreciatingthestyleandoriginalityofthisinnovativematerial.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Actionn–3UsethepromptandintheanswerchoiceswiththeSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1TestCambridge6,Test4,PassageQuestions25-ChooseTWOletters,A-TestCambridge6,Test4,PassageQuestions25-ChooseTWOletters,A-WhichTWOimportantimplicationsdrawnfromtheNicaraguanstudyarcmentionedbythewriterofthepassage?AItisbettertoeducatematurewomenthanyoungBSimilarnsinothercountrieswouldbeequallyDImprovingchildhealthcanquicklyaffectacountry’sEMoneyspentonfemaleeducationwillimprovechildUsethenouninthequestiontolocate.Thequestionisthelastone,soyoucanbrowsethoughthelastparagraphstolocate.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Do teWomenMakeBetterChildrenindevelo countriesarehealthierandmorelikelytosurvivepasttheageoffivewhentheirmotherscanreadandwrite.Expertsinpublichealthacceptedthisideadecadesago,butuntilnownoonehasbeenabletoshowthatawoman’sabilitytoreadinitselfimprovesherchildren’schancesofsurvival.Mostli tewomenlearnttoreadinprimaryschool,andthefactthatawomanhashadaneducationmaysimplyindicateherfamily’swealthorthatitvaluesitschildrenmorehighly.Nowalong-termstudycarriedoutinNicaraguahaseliminatedthesefactorsbyshowingthatteachingreadingtopooradultwomen,whowouldotherwisehaveremainedilli te,hasadirecteffectontheirchildren'shealthandsurvival.In1979, cyCrusade.By1985,about300,000illi teadultsfromalloverthecountry,manyofwhomhadneverattendedprimaryschool,hadlearnthowtoread,writeandusenumbers.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1DoLiteWomenMakeBetterDuringthisperiod,researchersfromtheLiverpoolSchoolofTropicalMedicine,theCentralAmericanInstituteofHealthinNicaragua,theNationalAutonomousUniversityofNicaraguaandtheCostaRicanInstituteofHealthinterviewednearly3,000women,someofwhomhadlearnttoreadaschildren,someduringthelicycrusadeandsomewhohadneverlearntatall.Thewomenwereaskedhowmanychildrentheyhadgivenbirthtoandhowmanyofthemhaddiedininfancy.Theresearchteamsalsoexaminedthesurvivingchildrentofindouthowwell-nourishedthey motherswasaround110deathsperthousandlivebirths.Atthispointintheirlives,thosemotherswholaterwentontolearntoreadhadasimilarlevel6fchildmortality(105/1000).Forwomeneducatedinprimaryschool,however,theinfantmortalityratewassignificantlylower,at80perthousand.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Do teWomenMakeBetterIn1985,aftertheNationalLi cyCrusadehadended,theinfantmortalityfiguresforthosewhoremained teandforthoseeducatedinprimaryschoolremainedmoreorlessunchanged.Forthosewomenwholearnttoreadthroughthe n,theinfantmortalityratewas84perthousand,animpressive21pointslowerthanforthosewomenwhowerestillilli te.Thechildrenofthenewly-li temotherswerealsobetternourishedthanthoseofwomenwhocouldnotread.Whyarethechildrenofli temothersbetteroff?AccordingtoPeterSandifordoftheLiverpoolSchoolofTropicalMedicine,nooneknowsforcertain.Childhealthwasnotonthecurriculumduringthewomen’slessons,soheandhiscolleaguesarelookingatotherfactors.Theyareworkingwiththesamegroupof3,000women,totrytofindoutwhetherreadingmothersmakebetteruseofhospitalsandclinics,optforsmallerfamilies,exertmorecontrolathome,learnmodernchildcaretechniquesmorequickly,orwhethertheymerelyhavemorerespectforthemselvesandtheirchildren.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1DoLiteWomenMakeBetterTheNicaraguanstudymayhaveimportantimplicationsforernmentsandaidagenciesthatneedtowheretodirecttheirresources.Sandifordsaysthatthereisincreasingevidencethatfemaleeducation,atage,is‘animportanthealthinterventioninitsownright’.TheresultsofthestudylendsupporttotheBank’smendationthateducationbudgetsindevelocountriesshouldbeincreased,notjusttohelpeconomies,butalsotoimprovechild‘We’veknownforalongtimethatmaternaleducationisimportant,’saysJohnClelandoftheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine.‘Butwethoughtthatevenifwestartededucatinggirlstoday,we’dhavetowaitagenerationforthepay-off.TheNicaraguanstudysuggestswemaybeabletobypassthat.’ClelandwarnsthattheNicaraguancrusadewasspecialinmanyways,andsimilarnselsewherenotworkaswell.Itisnotoriouslydifficulttoteachadultsskillsthatdonothaveanimmediateimpactoneverydaylives,andmanylicynsinothercountrieshavebeenmuchlesssuccessful.‘Thewaspartofalargerefforttobringabetterlifetothepeople,’saysCleland.ReplicatingtheseconditionsothercountrieswillbeamajorchallengefordevelopmentSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Actionn–3UsethepromptandChooseintheanswerchoiceswiththeSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Cambridge8,Test3,PassageQuestions14-Belowarelistedsomepopularbeliefsaboutgeniusandgiftedness.WhichFIVEofthesebeliefsarereportedbythewriterofthetext?ChooseFIVEletters,A-NBYouranswersmaybegiveninanyorder.ATrulygiftedpeoplearetalentedinallBThetalentsofgeniusesaresoonCGiftedpeopleshouldusetheirDAgeniusappearsonceineveryEGeniuscanbeeasilydestroyedbyFGeniusisGGiftedpeopleareveryhardtoliveHPeopleneverappreciatetrueIGeniusesarenaturalKGeniuswillalwaysrevealTestyoushouldfirstfinishtheT/F/NGquestions,andthenthismultiplechoiceItishardtousethequestiontolocate.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1TheNatureofTherehasalwaysbeenaninterestingeniusesandprodigies.Theword‘genius’,fromtheLatingens(=family)andtheterm‘genius’,meaning‘begetter’,comesfromtheearlyRomancultofadivinityastheheadofthefamily.Initsearliestform,geniuswasconcernedwiththeabilityoftheheadofthefamily,thepaterfamilias,toperpetuatehimself.Gradually,geniuscametorepresenta ’scharacteristicsandthenceanindividual'shighestattributesderivedfromhis‘genius’orguidingspirit.Today,peoplestilllooktostarsorgenes,astrologyorgenetics,inthehopeoffindingthesourceofexceptionalabilitiesor Theconceptofgeniusandofgiftshasepartofourfolkculture,andattitudesareambivalenttowardsthem.Weenvythegiftedandmistrustthem.Inthemythologyofgiftedness,itispopularlybelievedthatifpeoplearetalentedinonearea,theymustbedefectiveinanother,thatinlectualsareimpractical,thatprodigiesburntoobrightlytoosoonandburnout,thatgiftedpeopleareeccentric,thattheyarephysicalweaklings,thatthere‘sathinlinebetweengeniusandmadness,thatgeniusrunsinfamilies,thatthegiftedaresoclevertheydon’tneedspecialhelp,thatgiftednessisthesameashavingahighIQ,thatsomeracesaremoreinligentormusicalormathematicalthanothers,thatgeniusgoesunrecognisedandunrewarded,thatadversitymakesmenwiseorthatpeoplewithgiftshavearesponsibilitytousethem.Languagehasbeenenrichedwithsuchtermsas‘highbrow’,‘egghead’,‘blue-stocking’,‘wiseacre’,‘know-all’,‘boffin’and,formany,‘inlectual’isatermofdenigration.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Actionn–3UsethepromptandChooseintheanswerchoiceswiththeSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1Cambridge9,Test2,PassageQuestions11-ChooseTWOletters,A-Thelistbelowincludesfactorscontributingtoclassroomnoise.WhichTWOarementionedbythewriterofthepassage?AcurrentteachingBechoingTest CcoolingDlargeclassEloud-voicedUsethenounin ygroundquestionstoYoucanusethe choicestorecetherelevantpartintheSession9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:SkillpracticeReadingPassage

1Hearingimpairmentorotherauditoryfunctiondeficitinyoungchildrencanhaveamajorimpactontheirdevelopmentofspeechandcommunication,resultinginadetrimentaleffectontheirabilitytolearnatschool.Thisislikelytohavemajorconsequencesfortheindividualandthepopulationasawhole.TheNewZealandMinistryofHealthhasfoundfromresearchcarriedoutovertwodecadesthat6-10%ofchildreninthatcountryareaffectedbyhearingloss.ApreliminarystudyinNewZealandhasshownthatclassroomnoisepresentsamajorconcernforteachersandpupils.Modernteachingpractices,theorganizationofdesksintheclassroom,poorclassroomacoustics,andmechanicalmeansofventilationsuchasair-conditioningunitsallcontributetothenumberofchildrenunabletocomprehendtheteacher’svoice.EducationresearchersNelsonandSolihavealsosuggestedthatrecenttrendsinlearningofteninvolvecollaborativein ctionofmultiplemindsandtoolsasmuchasindividualpossessionofinformation.Thisallamountstoheightenedactivityandnoiselevels,whichhavethepotentialtobeparticularlyseriousforchildrenexperiencingauditoryfunctiondeficit.Noiseinclassroomscanonlyexacerbatetheirdifficultyincomprehendingandprocessingverbalcommunicationwithotherchildrenandinstructionsfromtheteacher.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1ReadingPassageC.Childrenwithauditoryfunctiondeficitarepotentiallyfailingtolearntotheirumpotentialbecausenoiselevelsgeneratedinclassrooms.Theeffectsofnoiseontheabilityofchildrentolearneffectivelyintypicalclassroomenvironmentsarenowthesubjectofincreasingconcern.TheInternationalInstituteofNoiseControlEngineering(I-INCE),ontheadviceoftheWorldHealthOrganization,hasestablishedaninternationalworkingparty,whichincludesNewZealand,toevaluatenoiseandreverberationcontrolforschoolrooms.D.Whilethedetrimentaleffectsofnoiseinclassroomsituationsarenotlimitedtochildrenexperiencingdisability,thosewithadisabilitythataffectstheirprocessingofspeechandverbalcommunicationcouldbeextremelyvulnerable.Theauditoryfunctiondeficitsinquestionincludehearingimpairment,autisticspectrumdisorders(ASD)andattentiondeficitdisorders(ADD/ADHD).Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:Skillpractice

1ReadingPassageE.Autismisconsideredaneurologicalandgeneticlife-longdisorderthatcausesdiscrepanciesinthewayinformationisprocessed.Thisdisorderischaracterizedbyinterlinkingproblemswithsocialimagination,socialcommunicationandsocialinction.AccordingtoJanzen,thisaffectstheabilitytounderstandandrelateintypicalwaystopeople,understandeventsandobjectsintheenvironment,andunderstandorrespondtosensorystimuli.Autismdoesnotallowlearningorthinkinginthesamewaysasinchildrenwhoaredevelonormally.Autisticspectrumdisordersoftenresultinmajordifficultiesincomprehendingverbalinformationandspeechprocessing.Thoseexperiencingthesedisordersoftenfindsoundssuchascrowdnoiseandthenoisegeneratedbymachinerypainfulanddistressing.Thisisdifficulttoscientificallyfyassuchextra-sensorystimulivarygreatlyfromoneautisticindividualtoanother.Butachildwhofindsanytypeofnoiseintheirclassroomorlearningspaceintrusiveislikelytobeadverselyaffectedintheirabilitytoprocessinformation.F.Theattentiondeficitdisordersareindicativeofneurologicalandgeneticdisordersandarecharacterizedbydifficultieswithsustainingattention,effortandpersistence,organizationskillsanddisinhibition.Childrenexperiencingthesedisordersfinditdifficulttoscreenoutunimportantinformation,andfocusoneverythingintheenvironmentratherthanattendingtoasingleactivity.Backgroundnoiseintheclassroomesamajordistraction,whichcanaffecttheirabilitytoconcentrate.Session9:MultiplechoiceMultiplechoice2:SkillpracticeReadingPassage

1G.Childrenexperiencinganauditoryfunctiondeficitcanoftenfindspeechandcommunicationverydifficulttoisolateandprocesswhensetagainsthighlevelsofbackgroundnoise.Theseleve