阅读理解主旨大意（记叙文）课件

Readforunderstandingandcriticalthinking

记叙类篇章阅读指导

----主旨大意题&阅读主观题主旨大意题大意类

What'sthepassagemainlyabout?Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

Thepassagemainlytellsus…标题类

Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?PassageOneOnedayalonelygirlfoundtwoweakbirdswhileshewaswalkingintheforests.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.Shefedthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithbeautifulsongs.Thegirllovedthemverymuchandwantedtheirsingingtolastforever.OneSundaythegirlleftthecage’sdooropen.Thelargerandstrongerofthetwobirdsflewoutofthecage.Thegirlwatchedworriedlyasitcircled(盘旋)highaboveher.Shewasafraidthatitwouldflyawayandshewouldneverseeitagain.Sowhenitflewclose,shegrasped(抓)atitwildly.Shewasveryhappythatsheheldittightly(紧紧地)withinherhand!Suddenly,shefeltsomethinghadhappenedtothebird.Sheopenedherhandandwassurprisedtofindthebirdwasdead.Herloveforthebirdkilledit.Afterthebird'sdeath,shenoticedtheotherbirdjumpinginthecage.Shecouldfeelthatitwantedtobefree.Ithopedtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.Shelifteditfromthecageandflewitintotheair.Thebirdcircledonce,twice,threetimes...Whenthebirdwasflyinghappilyinthesky,shewassoglad.Justthenthebirdflewcloserandsatsoftlyonhershoulder.Itsangthesweetestsongshehadeverheard.savedfreedkilledOnedayOneSundayAfterthatThegirl

twobirds.Thegirl

oneoftwobirds.Thegirl

theotheroftwobirds.A.savedB.freed(使自由)C.killedWhatiseachparagraghmainlyabout?TimelinePassageOneOnedayalonelygirlfoundtwoweakbirdswhileshewaswalkingintheforests.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.Shefedthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithbeautifulsongs.Thegirllovedthemverymuchandwantedtheirsingingtolastforever.OneSundaythegirlleftthecage’sdooropen.Thelargerandstrongerofthetwobirdsflewoutofthecage.Thegirlwatchedworriedlyasitcircled(盘旋)highaboveher.Shewasafraidthatitwouldflyawayandshewouldneverseeitagain.Sowhenitflewclose,shegrasped(抓)atitwildly.Shewasveryhappythatsheheldittightly(紧紧地)withinherhand!Suddenly,shefeltsomethinghadhappenedtothebird.Sheopenedherhandandwassurprisedtofindthebirdwasdead.Herloveforthebirdkilledit.Afterthebird'sdeath,shenoticedtheotherbirdjumpinginthecage.Shecouldfeelthatitwantedtobefree.Ithopedtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.Shelifteditfromthecageandflewitintotheair.Thebirdcircledonce,twice,threetimes...Whenthebirdwasflyinghappilyinthesky,shewassoglad.Justthenthebirdflewcloserandsatsoftlyonhershoulder.Itsangthesweetestsongshehadeverheard.Thepassagemainlytellsusagirl

savedtwoweakbirds.

A.andfedthemwithlove.

B.andputtheminasmallcage.

C.butkilledoneandfreedtheotherbecauseoflove.

D.buttheycouldn’tflyhappilyandfreelyinthesky.

断章取义概括性全面性精准性PassageTwo

Ataxihitatruck.Apolicemanspoketothetaxidriverandtothetruckdriver.HealsospoketoTom.Hewasawitness(目击者).Thisiswhattheysaid.TRUCKDRIVER:IwasdrivingfromtheairporttoNewton.Acarcrossedtheroad,soIsloweddown.Ididn’tstop.Ataxihitthebackofmytruck.Nobodywasseriouslyhurtbutbothcarsweredamaged(受损害).TAXIDRIVER:IwasdrivingbehindatruckafewkilometersfromNewton.Thetruckstoppedsuddenly.Thedriverdidn’tgivemeawarning(警告).Iwasdrivingveryslowly.Icouldn’tpassthetruckbecausethereweretwocomingcarsfromNewton.Mytaxihitthetruck,andsomeglasscutmylefthand.Tom:IwaswatchingthetrafficaboutakilometerfromNewton.AtruckwasgoingtoNewton.Itwasnotgoingveryquickly.Therewasataxiabouttwohundredmetersbehindthetruck.Itwasgoingfast.Whenthetrucksloweddown,thetaxihitit.Thetaxidrivedidn’tlookatthetruck.Hewaslookingoutofthewindowatsomething.Myfriendsawtheaccident,too.Tom’sfriendspoketothepolicemanandagreedwithTom.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ATaxiDriverB.ATrafficAccidentC.ATruckDriverD.Atrain

accident

无中生有以偏概全精准性TopicsentencePassageThereLonglongago,therewasaswan(天鹅)withgoldenfeathers(羽毛).Shelivedinalake.Awomanlivedinasmallhousenearthelakewithhertwodaughters.Theywereverypoor.Theyworkedhardallyearround,butstill,theylivedahardlifeandsometimestheyevendon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyfood.Theswanwassadtoseethat.Shesaidtoherself,“I’llgiveoneofmyfeatherstothemeachday,thentheycanliveahappylikewiththemoneysellingmyfeathers.”Thatevening,sheflewtothepoorwoman’houseandleftagoldenfeatheronthetablewithoutsayinganything.Fromthenon,theswancameeverydayandgavethemafeather.Thewomanwashappybecausetheirlifewasmuchbetterthanbefore.Butdayafterday,thewomanbecamegreedy(贪婪的).Shesaidtoherdaughter,“Theswanmayflyawayoneday.Ifso,wewillbepooragain.Weshouldtakeallherfeatherswhenshecomesnexttime.”“Oh,no,Mum!”criedthedaughter.“Thiswillhurttheswan.Shehelpsusalot!”Butthemotherwouldn’tlisten.Whentheswancameasusual,themothercaughtherandtookallherfeathers.Butsuddenly,thegoldenfeatherschangedintochickenfeathers.Then,theGoldenSwansaid,“PoorMother,youaretoogreedy.Icametohelpyou,butyouwantedtokillme.Now,Iamleavingandwillnevercomeback.Neverbegreedy!”Withthesewords,theswanflewaway.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ALakewithaGoldenSwanB.AGreedyMotherC.KindDaughtersD.ASadStory断章取义断章取义主题扩大Tip3:Payattentiontothewordsappearingrepeatedly抓住高频词PassageFourAfamousdoctoroncereceivedalittlechildthatwasbadlyill.Thankstohisskillandcare,thechildgotwellandwassoonabletogetupandrunaboutagain.Thechild’smotherwasverythankfultothedoctor,andshevisitedhimforwhathehaddoneforherchild.“Doctor,”shesaid,“youhavesavedmylittleson.Idon’tknowhowtothankyouenough.Ifeelthatmoneyalongcannotpayyou,soIhavemadethislittlepursewithmyownhands,asasymbolofmythanks.Ihopeyouwillacceptit.”Thedoctorstoodupandsaidcoldly,“Madam,alittlepresentlikethatisverynicebetweenfriends,butadoctorneedstobepaidenoughforwhathehasdone.”Theladywassosurprisedandhurtsomuchthatshecouldnotreplyforamoment.Thenshesaidquietly,“PerhapsyouwilltellmehowmuchIshouldgiveyou.”“Fiftypounds,”heanswered.Theladyopenedthelittlepurseandtookoutfourfifty-poundbanknotes.Shepassedoneofthemtothedoctorandputtheotherthreebackintothepurse.Sheputthepurseintoherhandbag,saidgoodbyetothedoctorandwentoutoftheroom.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Adoctorrefusedamother'sthanks.B.Amotherthankedadoctorwithalittlepurse.C.Adoctorsavedalittlechildandaskedforsomemoneyaspay.D.Alittlechildwasbadlyillandgotwellagainbecauseofadoctor.Tip2:Wh-questionsmayhelpyouunderstandbetter.

(记叙文六要素\5W1H)主旨大意特征干扰项特征针对性全面性精准性概括性断章取义张冠李戴主题扩大无中生有以偏概全阅读主观题Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?Why?分数值给分标准第五档：5分理解题意，给出完整、合理的答案，依据充分，逻辑严密，语言规范，水平高第四档：4分理解题意，给出较完整、较合理的答案，有依据，语言规范第三档：3分理解题意，给出基本合理的答案，语言有问题，影响理解第二档：2分给出与问题相关的答案，语言水平低，很难读懂第一档：0分不作答或回答不相关记叙类篇章主观阅读题评分标准PassageOneOnedayalonelygirlfoundtwoweakbirdswhileshewaswalkingintheforests.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.Shefedthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithbeautifulsongs.Thegirllovedthemverymuchandwantedtheirsingingtolastforever.OneSundaythegirlleftthecage’sdooropen.Thelargerandstrongerofthetwobirdsflewoutofthecage.Thegirlwatchedworriedlyasitcircled(盘旋)highaboveher.Shewasafraidthatitwouldflyawayandshewouldneverseeitagain.Sowhenitflewclose,shegrasped(抓)atitwildly.Shewasveryhappythatsheheldittightly(紧紧地)withinherhand!Suddenly,shefeltsomethinghadhappenedtothebird.Sheopenedherhandandwassurprisedtofindthebirdwasdead.Herloveforthebirdkilledit.Afterthebird'sdeath,shenoticedtheotherbirdjumpinginthecage.Shecouldfeelthatitwantedtobefree.Ithopedtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.Shelifteditfromthecageandflewitintotheair.Thebirdcircledonce,twice,threetimes...Whenthebirdwasflyinghappilyinthesky,shewassoglad.Justthenthebirdflewcloserandsatsoftlyonhershoulder.Itsangthesweetestsongshehadeverheard.

Whydidthegirlholdthebirdtightlyinherhand?Whatdoesthestorywanttotellus?

Tip3:Payattentiontothewordsappearingrepeatedly抓住高频词PassageOneOnedayalonelygirlfoundtwoweakbirdswhileshewaswalkingintheforests.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.Shefedthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithbeautifulsongs.Thegirllovedthemverymuchandwantedtheirsingingtolastforever.OneSundaythegirlleftthecage’sdooropen.Thelargerandstrongerofthetwobirdsflewoutofthecage.Thegirlwatchedworriedlyasitcircled(盘旋)highaboveher.Shewasafraidthatitwouldflyawayandshewouldneverseeitagain.Sowhenitflewclose,shegrasped(抓)atitwildly.Shewasveryhappythatsheheldittightly(紧紧地)withinherhand!Suddenly,shefeltsomethinghadhappenedtothebird.Sheopenedherhandandwassurprisedtofindthebirdwasdead.Herloveforthebirdkilledit.Afterthebird'sdeath,shenoticedtheotherbirdjumpinginthecage.Shecouldfeelthatitwantedtobefree.Ithopedtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.Shelifteditfromthecageandflewitintotheair.Thebirdcircledonce,twice,threetimes...Whenthebirdwasflyinghappilyinthesky,shewassoglad.Justthenthebirdflewcloserandsatsoftlyonhershoulder.Itsangthesweetestsongshehadeverheard.Whydidthegirlholdthebirdtightlyinherhand?Whatdoesthestorywanttotellus?

Becauseshewasafraidtoloseit.Ittellsusifyouwanttokeeplove,pleaseletitgofreely.Whenthegirlwasafraidthatthebirdwouldflyaway,sheheldittootightlyandkilledit.Whenthegirlfreedtheotherbird,itsatonhershoulderandsanghappily.opinionfactsTip2:Wh-questionsmayhelpyouunderstandbetter.

(记叙文六要素\5W1H)PassageThreeLonglongago,therewasaswan(天鹅)withgoldenfeathers(羽毛).Shelivedinalake.Awomanlivedinasmallhousenearthelakewithhertwodaughters.Theywereverypoor.Theyworkedhardallyearround,butstill,theylivedahardlifeandsometimestheyevendon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyfood.Theswanwassadtoseethat.Shesaidtoherself,“I’llgiveoneofmyfeatherstothemeachday,thentheycanliveahappylikewiththemoneysellingmyfeathers.”Thatevening,sheflewtothepoorwoman’houseandleftagoldenfeatheronthetablewithoutsayinganything.Fromthenon,theswancameeverydayandgavethemafeather.Thewomanwashappybecausetheirlifewasmuchbetterthanbefore.Butdayafterday,thewomanbecamegreedy(贪婪的).Shesaidtoherdaughter,“Theswanmayflyawayoneday.Ifso,wewillbepooragain.Weshouldtakeallherfeatherswhenshecomesnexttime.”“Oh,no,Mum!”criedthedaughter.“Thiswillhurttheswan.Shehelpsusalot!”Butthemotherwouldn’tlisten.Whentheswancameasusual,themothercaughtherandtookallherfeathers.Butsuddenly,thegoldenfeatherschangedintochickenfeathers.Then,theGoldenSwansaid,“PoorMother,youaretoogreedy.Icametohelpyou,butyouwantedtokillme.Now,Iamleavingandwillnevercomeback.Neverbegreedy!”Withthesewords,theswanflewaway.

HowdidMotherfeelatlast?Why?

Tip2:Wh-questionsmayhelpyouunderstandbetter.

(记叙文六要素\5W1H)Shefeltsadandregretful.Becauseshetookallfeathersoftheswanandtheychangedintochickenfeathers.Theswanwashurt,soitflewawayandnevercameback.Mother'slifewaspoorasbeforeagain.

PassageFourAfamousdoctoroncereceivedalittlechildthatwasbadlyill.Thankstohisskillandcare,thechildgotwellandwassoonabletogetupandrunaboutagain.Thechild’smotherwasverythankfultothedoctor,andshevisitedhimforwhathehaddoneforherchild.“Doctor,”shesaid,“youhavesavedmylittleson.Idon’tknowhowtothankyouenough.Ifeelthatmoneyalongcannotpayyou,soIhavemadethislittlepursewithmyownhands,asasymbolofmythanks.Ihopeyouwillacceptit.”Thedoctorstoodupandsaidcoldly,“Madam,alittlepresentlikethatisverynicebetweenfriends,butadoctorneedstobepaidenoughforwhathehasdone.”Theladywassosurprisedandhurtsomuchthatshecouldnotreplyforamoment.Thenshesaidquietly,“PerhapsyouwilltellmehowmuchIshouldgiveyou.”“Fiftypounds,”heanswered.Theladyopenedthelittlepurseandtookoutfourfifty-poundbanknotes.Shepassedoneofthemtothedoctorandputtheotherthreebackintothepurse.Sheputthepurseintoherhandbag,saidgoodbyetothedoctorandwentoutoftheroom.Howwouldthedoctorfeelintheend?Why?Hewouldfeelsurprisedandsorry/regretful.Becausehedidn'tknowtherewerefourfifty-poundbanknotesinthelittlepurse.Andherefusedthewoman'sthanksrudelyandhurthertoomuch.Tip2:Wh-questionsmayhelpyouunderstandbetter.

(记叙文六要素\5W1H)Tipsforreading(方法总结)1.Readfortopicsentencesan