2022年职称英语考试试题及答案：卫生类B级

2022职称英语考试试题及答案：卫生类B级阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出推断。假如该句供应的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;假如该句供应的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;假如该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

AIDS

TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysasmanyas10millionpersonsworldwidemayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDS(艾滋病).Expertsbelieveabout350thousandpersonshavethedisease.Andonemillionmoremaygetitinthenextfiveyears.IntheUnitedStates,about50,000personshavediedwithAIDS.Thecountry”stopmedicalofficialsaysmorethan90percentofallAmericanswhohadtheAIDSvirusfiveyearsagoaredead.

ThereisnocureforAIDSandnovaccine(疫苗)topreventit.However,researchersknowmuchmoreaboutAIDSthantheydidjustafewyearsago.WenowknowthatAIDSiscausedbyavirus.Thevirusinvadeshealthycells,includingwhitebloodcellsthatarepartofourdefensesystemagainstdisease.Ittakescontrolofthehealthycell”sgenetic(基因的)materialandforcesthecelltomakeacopyofthevirus.Thecellthendies.Andtheviralparticlesmoveontoinvadeandkillhealthiercells.

TheAIDSvirusiscarriedinaperson”sbodyfluids(液体).Theviruscanbepassedsexuallyorbysharinginstrumentsusedtotakeintravenous(进入静脉的)drugs.ItalsocanbepassedinbloodproductsorfromapregnantwomanwithAIDStoherdevelopingbaby.

ManystoriesaboutthespreadofAIDSarefalse.YoucannotgetAIDSbyworkingorattendingschoolwithsomeonewhohasthedisease.Youcannotgetitbytouchingdrinkingglassesorotherobjectsusedbysuchpersons.ExpertssaynoonehasgottenAIDSbylivingwith,caringforortouchinganAIDSpatient.

16AccordingtotheWHO,therearenow10millionAIDSpatientsintheworld.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17AmericahasthelargestnumberofAIDSpatientsintheworld.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18ThecauseofAIDSremainsamysterytoresearchers.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19AIDSpatientstodaycannotbecuredyet.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20ApregnantwomanwithAIDScannotpassthevirustoherdevelopingbaby.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21ItisunlikelythattheAidsviruswillbepassedthroughhandshaking.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22MenaremoreeasilyinfectedwithAIDSthanwomen.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.

OldManMythsandRealities

1Whendoesamiddle-agedmanbecomeanoldman?Officially,ofcourse,it”swhenwereachretirementage.But,asweallknow,thisisafairlyblunt(生硬的)methodofdecisionmaking.Aslifeexpectancy(预期寿命)increases,retirementplanningneedstobechanged.Thisisbecausebeinganoldmantodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasagenerationorsoago.

2Sixty-fiveisthenewmiddle-agedman.Thesedayspeoplearetalkingabouttheyoung-old,thatisages70-75,andthoseover75astheold-old.Theyoung-oldfrequentlycontinueingoodhealthandmaintainstronglinkswithfriendsandfamily.Theold-oldhaveamuchhigherchanceofpoorhealthandsocialisolation.

3Althoughmenarelivinglonger,therearestillmoreoldwomenthanoldmen.Thisfactaloneshouldarouseinterestastowhy.Relativelylittleisactuallyknownaboutwhythisisthecaseorabouttheexperiencesoftheoldman.Sure,weareawarethattheoldmanexperiencesanxiety,financialproblems,loneliness,etc.,butthat”sreallyaboutallweknow.

4Itisusuallybelievedthattheoldmanoftencomplainsabouttheirhealth.Infact,mostratetheirhealthasgoodeventhoughmostarediagnosedwithatleastonechronicillness.Thephysicalhealthoftheoldmanisstronglyaffectedbytheirhealthbehaviorwhentheywereyounger.

1Paragraph1_________.

2Paragraph2_________.

3Paragraph3_________.

4Paragraph4_________.

ANewdefinitionsoftheoldman

BChangingconceptoftheoldman

CHealthoftheoldman

DHappyoldmanandsadoldman

ELimitedknowledgeoftheoldman”sexperiences

FContemptfortheoldman

5Nowadaysmengenerallylivelongerthan_________.

6Amaninhismid-60sisnowregardedas_________.

7Moreresearchshouldbedoneontheexperiencesof_________.

8Mostoldmenconsiderthemselvestobe_________.

Aingoodhealth

Binthepast

Cinthewrong

Dtheoldman

Eamiddle-agedman

Fayoungman

第4局部：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请认真阅读短文并依据短文答复其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

NaturalMedicines

Sinceearliestdays,humanshaveusedsomekindsofmedicines.Weknowthisbecausehumanshavesurvived.Ancienttreatmentsforinjuryanddiseaseweresuccessfulenoughtokeephumansfromdyingoutcompletely.

Theyweresuccessfullongbeforethetimeofmodernmedicine.Beforethetimeofdoctorswithwhitecoatsandshiny(发亮的)instruments.Beforethetimeofbighospitalswithstrangeandwonderfulequipment.

Manypartsoftheworldstilldonothaveuniversity-educateddoctors.Nordotheyhaveexpensivehospitals.Yetinjuriesaretreated.Anddiseasesareoftencured.How?Byancientmethods.Bymedicinesthatmightseemmysterious,evenmagical(有魔力的).Traditionalmedicinesareneithermysteriousnormagical,however.

Throughthecenturies,tribal(部落的)medicinemenexperimentedwithplants.Theyfoundmanyusefulchemicalsintheplants.Andscientistsbelievemanyofthesetraditionalmedicinesmayprovidethecureforsomeoftoday”smostseriousdiseases.

Expertssayalmost80%ofthepeopleintheworlduseplantsforhealthcare.Thesenaturalmedicinesareusednotjustbecausepeoplehavenootherformoftreatment.Theyareusedbecausepeopletrustthem.Indevelopedareas,fewpeoplethinkaboutthesourceofthemedicinestheybuyinastore.Yetmanywidely-usedmedicinesarefromancientsources,especiallyplants.Someexpertssaymorethan25%ofmodernmedicinescome,inonewayoranother,fromnature.

Scientistshavelongknownthatnatureisreallyachemicalfactory.Alllivingthingscontainchemicalsthathelpthemsurvive.Soscientists”interestintraditionalmedicineisnotnew.Butithasbecomeanurgentconcern.Thisisbecausetheearth”ssupplyofnaturalmedicinesmaybedroppingrapidly.

1Thepassageindicatesthatancienttreatmentsforinjuryanddiseasewere

Amuchmoresuccessfulthanmodemones.

Bsuccessfulenoughforhumanstosurvive.

Csuccessfulinallcases.

Doflittlehelptohumans.

2WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

AModernmedicinesarenowavailableallovertheworld.

BManybigandmodemhospitalsareexpensive.

CTraditionalmedicinesareneithermysteriousnormagical.

DHumanshaveusedsomekindsofmedicinessinceearliestdays.

3Itisbelievedbyscientiststhattraditionalmedicines

Acancureallkindsofdiseases.

Bmaycuresomeoftoday”smostseriousdiseases

Carenolongerusefulformodemmen.

Daretoocheaptobeuseful.

4Whatdothemajorityofthepeopleintheworlduseforhealthcare?

AStrangeandwonderfulequipment.

BFactory-producedchemicals.

CModernmedicines.

DPlants.

5Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheearth”ssupplyofnaturalmedicines

Amayneverbeexhausted.

Bmaybedroppingrapidly.

Cissurprisinglybig.

Disasrichasever.

其次篇

MemoryClass

StanFieldknowswhatagecandotoaperson”smemory,andhe”snottakinganychanceswithhis.Hechooseshisfoodcarefullyandgetsplentyofexercise.Healsoavoidsstress,cocacolaandcigarettesmoke.What”smore,atbreakfasteachmorning,the69-year-oldchemicalengineerswallowsaplatefulofpillsinthehopeofboostinghisbrainpower.

MichelleArnoveislessthanhalfField”sage,butnolessconcernedabouther

memory.Whileworkingroundtheclocktofinishadegreeinfilmstudies,the33-year-oldNewYorkerhadthealarmingsensationthatshehadstoppedretaininganything.“Icouldn”tevenremembernames,“shesays.“1thought,”Ohno,I”mover30.It”salldownhillfromhere”.“Besidesloadinguponsupplements,Arnovesignedupforamemory-enhancingcourseatNewYork”sMountSianiMedicalCenter.Andwhenshegotthere,shefoundherselfsurroundedbypeoplewhowerejustasworriedasshewas.

FormillionsofAmericans,andespeciallyforbabyboomers(生育顶峰期诞生的人),thedemandsoftheInformationAgeconflictwithasenseofdecliningphysicalpower.“Whenboomerswereintheir30sand40s,theylaunchedthefitnessboom,“saysCynthiaGreen,thepsychologistwhoteachesMountSinai”smemoryclass.“Nowwehavethemental-fitnessboom.Memoryistheboomers”newlife-crisisissue.“Andofcourseamajormarketingopportunity.Thedemandforbooksandseminarshasneverbeengreater,saysJackLannom,aIongtimememorytrainerwhoseweeklyTVshow,

“MindUnlimited,“goesoutto33millionhomesontheChristianNetwork.Anxiousconsumersarerushingtobuydo-it-yourselfprogramsandsupplementmakersaretryingtoselleverythingbutsawdust(木屑)asabrainbooster.

Butbeforeyougetoutyourcheckbook,afewquestionsareinorder.Doeseverydayforgetfulnesssignaldecliningbrainfunction?Is“megamemory“(超强记忆)arealisticgoalfornormalpeople?Andifyoucouldhaveaperfectmemory,wouldyoureallywantit?Untilrecently,noonecouldaddressthoseissueswithmuchauthority,butourknowledgeofmemoryisexploding.Newtechniquesarerevealinghowdifferentpartsofthebraininteracttopreservemeaningfulexperiences.Biologistsaretryingtounderstandtheunderlying(潜在的)chemicalprocessesandneuroscientists(神经系统科学家)arediscoveringhowage,stress,andotherfactorscandisruptthem.Nooneisclosetofindingthesecrettoperfectrecall,butasyou”llsee,thatmaybejustaswell.

6WhatdoesStanFieldtakeatbreakfast?

AFoodonly.

BFoodandpills.

CNothing.

DAplatefulofpillsonly.

7Whatisthemeaningof“workingroundtheclock“?

ARepairingclocks.

BMakingclocks.

CWorkingwithaclocknearby.

DWorkingdayandnight.

8Manybaby-boomerslivingintheInformationAgefeelthat

Atheirfinancialstatusisdeclining.

Btheirpoliticalinfluenceisdeclining.

Ctheirphysicalpowerisdeclining.

Dtheirwillpowerisdeclining.

9WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTindicatepeople”senhancedawarenessoftheimportanceofmemory?

AMoredemandforbooksonmemory.

BMoredemandforseminarsonmemory.

CMoredemandformemory-enhancingsupplements.

DMoredemandforcocacolaandcigarettes.

10Accordingtothewriter，thesecrettoperfectmemory

Ahasbeenfound.

Bwillneverbefound.

Cwasfoundalongtimeago.

Disnotinsightyet.

第三篇

Knitting

Mymotherknewhowtoknit(编织),butshenevertaughtme.Sheassumed,asdidmanywomenofhergeneration,thatknittingwasnolongeraskillworthpassingdownfrommothertodaughter.Acombinationoffeminism(女权主义)andconsumerism(消费主义)mademanywomenfeelthatsuchhomelyaccomplishmentswerenowoutofdate.MyGrandmotherstillknitted,though,andeveryChristmasshemadeapairofsocksformybrotherandme,ofredwool.Theyweretheonesweworeunderouriceskates(冰鞋),whenitwasreallyimportanttohavewarmfeet.

Knittingisanervoushabitthathappenstobeproductive.Ithelpedmequitsmokingbygivingmyhandssomethingelsetodo.Itiswonderfulfordepressionbecausenomatterwhatelsehappens,youarecreatingsomethingbeautiful.Timespentinfrontofthetelevisionorjustsittingisnolongertimewasted.

Ilovebreathinglifeintothepatterns.It”struemagic,findinganeglected,dog-earedoldbookwiththeperfectsnowflakedesign,buyingthesameGermantownwoolmygrandmotherused,intheexactbluetomatchmydaughter”seyes;takingitonthetrainwithmeeverydayfortwomonths,workingenthusiasticallytogetitdonebyChristmas,stayinguplateafterthestockingsarefilledtosewinthesleevesandweaveintheends.

Knittinghastaughtmepatience.IknowthatifIjustkeepgoing,evenifittakesmonths,therewillbeareward.WhenImakeamistake,Iknowthatangerwillnotfixit,thatIjusthavetogobackandtakeoutthestitches(针脚)betweenandstartoveragain.

PeopleoftenaskifIwoulddoitformoney,andtheanswerisalwaysadefiniteno.Inthefirstplace,youcouldnotpaymeenoughforthehoursIputintoasweater.Butmoreimportant,thisisanactivityIkeepseparatefromsuchconsiderations.IknittocovermychildrenandotherpeopleIloveinwarmthandcolor.Iknittogivethemsomethingearthlythatmoneycouldneverbuy.

Knittinggivesmylifeanalternativerhythmtothedailydeadline.BydayIcanwriteaboutNorthernIrelandortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartmentandgetpaidforit,butonthetrainhome,surroundedbypeoplewithlaptops,Istagemylittlerebellion:Itakeoutmyoldknittingbagandjointhecenturiesofwomenwhohaveknittedforlove.

11Whydidmanywomenfeelthatknittingwasoutofdate?

ABecausetheirmothersdidn”tteachthem.

BBecausetheywereinfluencedbyfeminismandconsumerism

CBecausetheywerefeminists.

DBecausetheywereconsumerists.

12Theauthorworetheredsockshergrandmotherhadknittedforher

Awhenshewenttoschool.

Bwhenshewentsightseeing.

CwhenshecelebratedChristmas.

Dwhenshewentskating.

13Theword“quit“inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto

A“giveup“.

B“speedup“.

C“slowdown“.

D“buildup“.

14Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutknittingisNOTtrue?

AKnittinghelpsonegetridofbadhabits.

BKnittinghelpsonegetfreefromabadmood.

CKnittingrequirespatience.

DKnittingisaprofit-makingbusiness.

15WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewriter”spurposeofknitting?

ATosavemoney.

BTomakefulluseofherleisuretime.

CToenrichherlife.

DToshowherloveforthefamily.

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请依据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Garlic

Fromearlytimesmanhasusedgarlic(大蒜).TheBiblespeaksofit.TheIsraelites(古以色列人)wereoncefarfromhome.TheycriedouttoMoses,theirleader,forthefoodstheyloved:leeks(韭菜),onions,andgarlic.TheRomans,liketheIsraelites,lovedtoeatgarlic.Andtheyhungbagsofgarlicaroundtheirnecks._____(1)Theyalsothoughtitwouldkeepthemfromgettingsick.

Asimilarideaisstillheld.Manypeopletakegarlicthinkingitwillpreventorcuredisease.Mostdoctorssayitdoesnosuchthing._____(2)Itssmellmayforcepeopletostayfarapart.Atleastthentheycan”tpassgermsontoeachother._____(3)Whatifyou”reinaplay,forinstance?Actorshavebeenknowntoforgettheirlinesbecausetheycouldn”tstandthegarlicsmellonafellowactor”sbreath.Somehaveevenmadeupnewlinesandactionsthatkeptthemfarawayfromtheonewhohadeatengarlic.

Throughtheyearsmanhastriedtocopewiththesmellofgarlic._____(4)Wenowknowwhy.It”sbeenfoundthattheoilsofthegarlicdonotsticktotheteeth,Garlictongue,orgums(齿龈).Theygointothelungsinstead.Fromtheretheyarebreathedout.Theypassoutthroughtheskintoo.

Strangeasitseems,foodmayhaveagreatdealofgarlicinitwithoutsmellingortastingstrong.Italldependsonhowitiscooked.Frenchcooksmakeagoodsoupwithwholecloves(瓣)ofgarlic.Theyusemorethanthirtyclovesinonebowlofsoup.Buttheytakecarenottocrushthem.Andtheycookthemwhole._____(5)Andastheclovescooktheychangeinsomestrangeway.Thesoupturnsouttobedelicious.It”snotstrongatall.

AButnomedicine,mouthwash,chewinggum,ortoothpasteseemstohelpmuch

BAsaresult,thestrongoilsstayinthecloves.

CTheysayitmayhelpinoneway,though.

DManypeopleeatgarlic.

EButkeepingyourdistancecanbehardattimes.

FTheyhopeditwouldkeepawaytheevileye.

第6局部：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请依据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

HealthyFood

Streetsellers,particularlyindevelopingcountries,supplylargeamountsoffood_____(1)peopleonlowincomes.Thissector(部门)alsoemployssome6-25%oftheworkforce,mainlywomen,indevelopingcountries,andprovidesmarketsforagriculturalandotherproduce.Inmanycountries,_____(2),theauthoritiesarenotwillingtorecognizeitasaformalsectorofthefood_____(3)system;theymayignoreitinfoodcontrolprogramsoreventrytoputanendto_____(4).

Therearetwopossiblecontaminants(污染物):pathogenic(病原)micro-organisms(微生物)_____(5)harmfulchemicals.As_____(6)asmicro-organismsareconcerned,thereisapparentlynoconvincingevidencethatstreetfoodsaremoreinvolvedinthetransmissionofinfectionthanfoodsobtainedin,e.g.hotels.StudiesinEgyptandelsewherehavefoundstreetfoodstocomparenotunfavorablywithhotel_____(7)inrespectofcontaminationwithmicro-organisms-somestreetfoodswerefoundtobecontaminatedwithpathogens(病原菌),butsowerefoodsfromfour,andfive-star_____(8)inthesamearea.

Harmfulchemicalshavebeenfoundinstreetfoods,andfoodexp