2022年(上)全国英语(二)试卷4

2022年（上）全国英语（二）试卷4Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Tobe“historicallyminded”istoseethingsIrelationandinperspective,and

tojudgetolerantly.Wemustremember

howdifferentlymenhavethoughtandactedindifferenttimes.Wemustalways

keepanopenmind,readytoreceiveand

weighnewevidence.Ifwegraspthisidea,wewillneverthinkthatahistorian

（历史学家）issomeonewhocanremember

dates.

Thatchildishideaislikecallingamanastatesman（政治家）becausehecan

rememberthenamesofvotersinhis

district.

Awaitercouldremembermorenamesandatelephoneoperatormorenumbersthan

thegreatesthistorian.

Thetruehistorianisnotcontenttotakeallhisfactsfromotherhistorians.

Todayhemakessurethathisstatements

arebasedonsound“documents”or“sources”whichgobacktothetimeofthefacts

themselves.

Butthehistorianneedsalwaystobeinhisguardnottobemisledbyhissources.

Adocumentmaynotbearealone.

Itsauthormaybelyingonpurposeforsomereason.Hemaybesogreatlyinfluenced

bynational,religious,party,or

personalbackgroundsastobetotallyunfairtotheotherside.Ifhonest,he

maybemisinformedastothefactsand

mistakeninhisinferences.

Anyonewhoreadstheaccountspublishedinthedifferentcountriesconcerning

thecausesandresultsofwarswill

realizethatthehistorianneedscautionandtraininginhandlingthesesources.

Thetrainedhistorianasksfirst:

“Didthiswritermeantotellthetruth?”andsecond:“Washeinapositionor

frameofmindtotellthetrutheven

ifhewantsto?”Everystatementmustbepatientlyweighedandtestedandcombined

withallotheravailableinformation

inordertogetatthe

truth.

31.A“historicallyminded”researcher_________.

[A]alwayskeepsanopenmindtohistory

[B]looksatonehistoricaleventwithoutrelatingittoanother

[C]seesthingsfromasinglepointofview

[D]refusestoacceptnewevidence

32.InParagraph1theauthormeanstoillustratethat________.

[A]differentmenthinkandactdifferently

[B]thestudyofhistoryisnotmerelyamatterofrememberingdates

[C]astatesmancanrememberthenamesofvotersinhisdistrict

[D]awaitercanremembermorenamesthanthegreathistorians

33.Thetruehistorianshouldbasehisstatementson________.

[A]findingsofotherhistorians

[B]documentscreatedatthepresenttime

[C]hisowninferences

[D]soundhistoricalmaterials

34.WhichofthefollowingisthetopicofParagraph3?

[A]Somehistoricaldocumentsmaynotbereal.

[B]Someauthorsmaynotbehonest.

[C]Historiansshouldbecarefulabouttheirsources.

[D]Historiansmaybeinfluencedbytheirownbackground.

35.Itisemphasizedinthelastparagraphthat________.

[A]warsareaccountedfordifferentlyindifferentcountries

[B]thehistorianneedscautionandtrainingindealingwithhissources

[C]somewritersmaynotbetellingthetruth

[D]somewritersmaynotbeinapositionorframeofmindtotellthetruth

PARTTWO

Ⅳ.WordSpelling（10points,1pointfortwowords）

将以下汉语单词译成英语并写在答题纸上。每个词的词类和第一字母已在答题纸上给出。

首字线