小学英语小升初语法虚拟语气

小学英语小升初语法：虚拟语气假如你看到以下的句子，你会认为它们是正确的还是错的呢？

1.IwishIwereabird.

2.Werequestthatyoubeheretomorrow.

或许你会说:“哈哈，第一句的Iwere错了，应当是Iwas；而其次句中的yoube是什么东东呀？不是youare,也不是youwillbe,什么yoube?!“其实上面的句子都是一种称为Subjunctive类型的句子。SubjunctiveMood有的书译为“假设语气“，虽不很贴切；但在相当大的程度上，告知我们这种句子的特点。SubjunctiveMood中文译作“虚拟语气“，好像不及“假设语气“那么简单明白。它是一种动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、疑心、猜想、建议等含义。根本上，虚拟语气可分为虚拟现在(SubjunctivePresent)和虚拟过去(SubjunctivePast)两种；但它们和时态(Tenses)上所指的现在时态(PresentTense)和过去时态(PastTense)是有所不同的。

一、虚拟现在(SubjunctivePresent):

虚拟现在的句子，在任何时候都要用动词的原形(rootform)，就算是第三人称(he,she,it)也是如此。如：

1.1现在时态(SimplePresent):(右边为虚拟语气)

Iwork----Iwork

youwork----youwork

heworks----hework(留意到了吗，是work，不是works)

sheworks----shework(不是sheworks喔）

itworks----itwork(同样不是itworks喔)

wework----wework

theywork----theywork

1.2现在进展时态(PresentContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气）

Iamworking----Ibeworking(留意用的是be，怪怪的!)

youareworking----youbeworking

heisworking----hebeworking

sheisworking----shebeworking

itisworking----itbeworking

weareworking----webeworking

theyareworing----theybeworking

1.3现在完成时态(PresentPerfect):(右边为虚拟语气)

Ihaveworked----Ihaveworked

youhaveworked----youhaveworked

hehasworked-----hehaveworked(用的还是have喔)

shehasworked----shehaveworked

ithasworked----ithaveworked

wehaveworked----wehaveworked

theyhaveworked----theyhaveworked

1.4现在完成进展时态(PresentPerfectContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气)

Ihavebeenworking----Ihavebeenworking

youhavebeenworking----youhavebeenworking

hehasbeenworking----hehavebeenworking(是hehave,不是hehas)

shehasbeenworking----shehavebeenworking

ithasbeenworking---ithavebeenworking

wehavebeenworking----wehavebeenworking

theyhavebeenworking----theyhavebeenworking

谈谈虚拟语气(SubjunctiveMood)（二）

二、虚拟过去(SubjunctivePast)

虚拟过去的动词无论在什么状况之下都要用过去复数形式。如：动词be，在虚拟过去中要用were。

2.1过去时态(SimplePast):(右边为虚拟语气)

Iworked----Iworked

youworked----youworked

heworked----heworked

sheworked----sheworked

itworked----itworked

weworked----weworked

theyworked----theyworked

2.2过去进展时态(PastContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气)

Iwasworking----Iwereworking（留意是Iwere）

youwereworking----youwereworking

hewasworking----hewereworking(是hewere喔)

shewasworking----shewereworking

itwasworking----itwereworking

wewereworking----wewereworking

theywereworking----theywereworking

2.3过去完成时态(PastPerfect):(右边为虚拟语气)

Ihadworked----Ihadworked

youhadworked----youhadworked

hehadworked----hehadworked

shehadworked----shehadworked

ithadworked----ithadworked

wehadworked----wehadworked

theyhadworked----theyhadworked

(耶，全部都用had!)

2.4过去完成进展时态(PastPerfectContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气)

Ihadbeenworking----Ihadbeenworking

youhadbeenworking----youhadbeenworking

hehadbeenworking----hehadbeenworking

shehadbeenworking----