2019年高中英语Unit1GreatscientistsSectionⅢGrammar过去分词作定语和表语教案(含解析)

SectionⅢGrammar—过去分词作定语和表语语法图解研究发现①Buthebecameinspired

whenhethoughtabouthelping

ordinary

peopleexposedtocholera.②Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.③Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthatpossiblyexplainedhowcholerakilledpeople.④Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffectedpersondied.⑤Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.⑥HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.⑦HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.⑧WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthegerms.[我的发现]例句①②④⑥⑦⑧中的过去分词(短语)作定语。例句②④⑦⑧中为单个的过去分词作定语，经常放于被修饰名词的前面；例句①⑥中过去分词短语作定语，经常放于被修饰名词的后边。例句③⑤中的过去分词在句中作表语。一、过去分词作定语1．过去分词作定语时的地点前置定语一般状况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词以前。Thepolluted

waterwastoblameforthespreadofcholera.被污染的水造成了霍乱的流传。Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.康复的动物会很快被开释。[名师点津]①有些过去分词表示特定含义时，独自作定语也放在所修饰的名词以后，如left(节余的),given(所给的),concerned(有关的)等。Therearefewtigersleft.Itistimeforthedepartmentsconcernedtotakemeasurestoprotectthemfromdyingout.节余的老虎不多了，是有关当局采纳举措保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。②假如被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所组成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后边。Isthereanything

unsolved?还有什么没解决的吗？(2)后置定语过去分词短语作定语时常常作后置定语，

即放在所修饰词以后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。LastTuesdayinamountainousarea,therewereatotalof173sheepkilledimmediately(＝whichwerekilledalmostimmediately)whenlightningstruck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊马上被雷电击死。

almost[即时操练

1](1)用所给词的适合形式填空(2017·北京高考改编)Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytimespent(spend)withhisstudents.②(2016·浙江高考改编)Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I’dlikeyoutolookatastudyconducted(conduct)inAustraliain2012.③(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)built(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.同义句变换Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.→Heisateacherwho_is_loved_by_his_students.②Thegirl,whowasbroughtupbyheruncle,hasbeguntoworknow.→Thegirl,brought_up_by_her_uncle,_hasbeguntoworknow.2．过去分词作定语时的意义及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或达成，有时也不表示时间性。Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof.(表示被动)卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。Theplanputforwardatthemeetingwillbecarriedoutsoon.(表示被动和完成)会上提出的计划将很快被履行。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只重申换作达成。Ourretired

soccercoachwenttowatchusplayagamelastweek.上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场竞赛。Therisen

sunisshiningbrightlyinthemorning.清晨已升起的太阳正光亮地闪烁。[即时操练

2]

选择填空过去分词作定语有三种状况：A．只表示被动B．只表示达成C．既表示被动又表示达成请判断以下句子中加黑部分属于哪一种状况①Americaisadevelopedcountry.__B__②IfoundithardtounderstandtheEnglishspokenbythenativevillagers.__A__③Isthereanythingplannedfortheweekend？__C__3．过去分词与此刻分词作定语的差别意义语态时态形式过去分词被动达成此刻分词主动进行Asweallknow,Chinaisa

developing

country.尽人皆知，中国是一个发展中国家。Thevisitorcamefroma

developedcountry.这位旅客来自于一个发达国家。[即时操练3]用分词作定语补全句子①Eventhoughitisstillinsummer,therearemany_fallen_leavesontheground.只管还是夏季，但地上有好多的落叶。②Nowadaystherearealotofman-madesatellites

flying_in_space.此刻在太空中有许很多多人造卫星在飞翔。4．过去分词

(done)

、此刻分词的被动语态

(beingdone)与动词不定式的被动语态

(tobedone)作定语的差别意义语态时态形式done被动达成beingdone被动进行tobedone被动还没有发生Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.昨年建筑的楼是我们的教课楼。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.此刻正在建筑的楼是我们的教课楼。Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthisourclassroombuilding.下个月将要建筑的楼是我们的教课楼。[即时操练4]用所给词的适合形式填空①Thecarsbeing_sold(sell)atthemarketnowaremadeinGuangzhou.②TsinghuaUniversity,founded(found)in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.(2014·北京高考改编)Therearestillmanyproblemsto_be_solved(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.二、过去分词作表语1．过去分词作表语的用法过去分词可放在连系动词

be,

get,

feel,

remain,

seem,look,

become等以后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。Helooked

worried

afterreadingtheletter.看完信后，他显得很忧愁。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeply

moved.当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感人了。[即时操练

5](1)用所给词的适合形式填空①(2016·浙江高考改编

)—Areyousureyou

’rereadyforthetest?—Noproblem.I’mwellprepared(prepare)forit.(2014·广东高考语法填空)Wegotalittlesunburned/sunburnt_(sunburn),butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn’tmind.③(2014·安徽高考改编)Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.

promoted(2)补全句子①Whydoyoualways

look_tired?你为何老是看上去很疲惫？②Iwas_disappointed

atthefilmIsawlast

night.

Ihadexpected

it

tobebetter.我对昨晚看的电影很绝望。我原认为它能好些。2．过去分词作表语时与被动语态的差别过去分词作表语时，重申主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，重申换作。Thecupis

broken.杯子破了。

(系表构造)Thecupwas

brokenbyTom.杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态)[即时操练6]对照翻译①这本书写得很好。The_book_is_well_written.②这本书是他昨年写的。The_book_was_written_by_him_last_year.3．感觉类及物动词的此刻分词与过去分词作表语的差别英语中有好多与感觉有关的及物动词，其此刻分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被惹起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常用的这种词有：exciting令人激动的astonishing令人惊讶的excited激动的；喜悦的astonished惊讶的surprising令人惊讶的discouraging令人丧气的surprised感觉惊讶的discouraged感觉丧气的delighting令人快乐的disappointing令人绝望的delighted快乐的disappointed感觉绝望的encouraging令人激励的frightening令人惧怕的encouraged遇到激励的frightened吓坏了的interesting令人感兴趣的moving动人的interested感兴趣的moved受感人的pleasing令人快乐的shocking令人震撼的pleased满意的shocked感觉震撼的tiring令人疲惫的worrying令人担忧的tired感觉疲惫的worried感觉担忧的satisfying令人满意的puzzling令人诱惑的satisfied感觉满意的puzzled感觉诱惑的Weweresurprisedatwhathesaidatthemeeting.我们对他在会上讲的话非常惊讶。Hiswordswerediscouraging,whichmademanypeoplediscouraged.他的话令人灰心，使得好多人心灰意冷。[即时操练7]用所给词的适合形式填空Thefrightenedlookonherfacesuggestedthatshewasfrightenedbythefrighteningscene.(frighten)②Thenewswasexcitingandtheywereallexcitedatit.(excite)③Weallfeltencouragedattheencouragingnews.(encourage)④Theaudiencewereallmovedtotearsbythemovingfilm.(move)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2015·北京高考改编)Theparkwasfullofpeople,enjoying(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.2．(2014·浙江高考改编)AmieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurseappointed(appoint)toguardher.3．(2014·重庆高考改编)Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecamerasreturned(return)toourshopforqualityproblems.4．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed(disappoint).5．(2014·福建高考改编)Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstayingconnected(connect).6．(2013·湖南高考改编)Youcannotacceptanopinionoffered(offer)toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.7．Ifyougetlost(lose)inastrangeplace,you’dbetternotmoveandwaitforhelpthere.8．Thepuzzledexpressiononhisfaceshowedthatthequestionwaspuzzling.(puzzle)9．Thestudentlikesreadingstorieswritten(write)bythefamouswriter.10．Manyused(use)computerswillbesoldinthismarket.Ⅱ.单句写作1．(2017·天津高考书面表达)In_order_to/To_be_a_qualified_volunteer,_IimprovemyselfbyreadingsomebooksaboutTianjinsoastoknowmoreaboutit.

haveto为了成为一名合格的志愿者，

我不得不阅读一些对于天津的书本来认识更多的有关信息以提升自己。2．(2015·福建高考书面表达

)Themoralofthestory

is:

sparenoeffort

toacquireknowledgeandnever_get_discouraged_easilynomatterhowdifficultthesituationmaybe.故事的寓意是：尽最大努力获得知识，不论状况多么困难，都不要轻易失掉信心。3．(2015·北京高考书面表达)If_you_are_interested_in_it,_letmeknowandI’sendyoumoreinformation.假如你对此感兴趣，请见告我，我会给你发送更多信息。4．(2014·湖南高考书面表达)Soexcited_was_IthatIcouldn’twaittotrywearingthem.我太激动了，急不可待地想穿上它们。5．(2014·陕西高考书面表达

)Weare/feel_honoured

tohaveyouhereinthemiddleofourEnglishWeekActivities.您能来参加我们的英语周活动，我们深感有幸。6．Withreferencetoyour_advertised_position,_I

havethepleasure

tosaythatIamthejustpersonyouareaskingfor.对于您做广告的职位，我很快乐地说，我就是那个您要找的人。7．Asforthephenomenonmentioned_above,_somepeoplesupportitwhileothersdonot.对于上文提到的现象，有些人支持，而有些人反对。8．Theplayers

selected_from_the_whole_countryareexpectedtobring

ushonorinthissummergame.人们期望这些选自全国的运动员在夏季