初中英语阅读短文回答问题的解题技巧

“阅读短文回答问题”解题技巧2021/5/91《课标》初中生要达到的五级

阅读目标要求：能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息2021/5/92《考试说明》要求：1.能获取文章的具体信息2.能理解归纳文章的主旨要义2021/5/93题型介绍根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。2021/5/94★09-12年北京中考卷中此题型五道题分析文章字数一般疑问句选择疑问句特殊疑问句事实细节概括主旨201324875题无76-7975-7879201422665题66题67-6965-686920158365题无66-6965-68692016186无无64-6864-67682021/5/95历史回顾

近几年的中考题中，特殊疑问句的比例在增大，2012年达到了100%；选择疑问句近五年中考只在2010年考了1题；一般疑问句由原来的必考1题在2012年也宣告了它的终结。2021/5/96未来预测

命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查与选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同角度，不同思维方式出发，除了考查准确获得信息的能力外更多的是测试综合运用英语的能力。2021/5/97提问类型1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或No回答）2.由选择疑问句（AorB）来提问文章的细节。（选择A或者B来回答）3.由特殊疑问词Who(人物)、Where(地点)、

When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)、

How(方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章的细节。（根据文章细节回答）4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：What’sthemainideaofthepassage?WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?Whispassage?（概括文章大意）2021/5/98解题技巧答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。1.一般疑问句用Yes/No回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。2.选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中正确的一部分来做答。2021/5/9966．Wasthearearichorpoorinthe1950s?Itwaspoor.

真题链接2010年中考题2021/5/91066.Isplayinginwateragoodchoiceorabadone?Agoodchoice.

模拟链接2011海淀二模题2021/5/911解题技巧3.回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。(1)问目的，就应当用for短语，不定式短语等来回答；(2)问原因，就应当用becauseof短语或because从句来回答；(3)问方式，就应当用Bydoing来回答；(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。(5)提问词是what只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;2021/5/91279.WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?真题链接2009年中考题Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.2021/5/91369.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?Togivesuggestionsaboutwhattodotofeelgoodandhavefunonhotdays.模拟链接2011海淀二模题2021/5/91467.Whyshouldtheyhaveproperweight?真题链接2012年中考题Becausetheywon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.2021/5/91567．WhydidtherestaurantworkershavenotimetolearnEnglish?真题链接2010年中考题Becausetheyoftenworked17hoursaday. 2021/5/91678.WhydidChinesepeoplehave“Bye–ByeThrowawayCultureWeek”? 真题链接2009年中考题Becausetheywantedeveryonetostopthrowingawayplasticbags.2021/5/91718.HowdidyoungChicogetmoney?真题链接2008年中考题

Bytakingalittlerubber．2021/5/91866.Howdowemakeourmotherfeelclosetous?模拟链接2012海淀一模题Byrespectingherpointofview.2021/5/91920.WhenwasChicomurdered?

真题链接2008年中考题

OnDecember22，1988．2021/5/92065.Wheredotheyjumpfrom?真题链接2012年中考题

Theyjumpfromplanes.2021/5/92164.WhatareSmokejumpers?真题链接2012年中考题

Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.2021/5/92265.Whatcanhelpusunderstandourmotherbetter?模拟链接2012年海淀一题Remembering/Knowingourmother’sage.2021/5/923解题步骤1.初读文章，标好段。2.根据问题中的keywords在文章中定位信息。--稳、准、快3.表述信息精（炼）准(确)变人称时态2021/5/924阅读回答问题第5题的解法1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。2.抓住文章的结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：development(n.),history(n.)

,(dis)advantage(n.)

,Importance(n.)

,suggestion(n.)

value(n.)information(n.),Introduction(n.),feature(n.)，responsible(adj.),creative(adj.)

successful(adj.)confident,(adj.)

achieve(v.),encourage(v.)2021/5/9254.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：It’s(about)…What…isandhow…Tohelp…andencourage…2021/5/9262012年中考题

Para4.Althoughmostsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportantareyourweightandheight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.

Para5.Smokejumpersmustbeabletoliveinthewilderness.inRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.

Para6.Theyworkisdangerous,thehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpersisn’tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumpersAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobforthestrongandbrave.”真题链接68.What’sneededtobeasmokejumpers?

此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，划线部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。Tobeasmokejumper,oneneedstohaveproperheightandweight,beabletoliveinthewildernessandlovehis/herjob.2021/5/9272011年中考题

Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer(节俭的消费者)isonewaytohelp.But,whatexactlydoesthatmean?UseItUpYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeezethatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap....WearItOutYoudonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakersanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone....真题链接68.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总-分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说whatexactlyafrugalconsumermeans，也就是howtobeafrugalconsumer。Whyandhowtobearesponsibleconsumer.

2021/5/9282012年朝阳一模题模拟链接68.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总-分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。theroadrules是关键词，下面的小标题都是在说roadrules,最后的小标题在说moreinformation，也需要总结。SomeroadrulesandthewaystogetmoreinformationonroadsafetyinNewZealand.

2021/5/9292010年中考题

真题链接69.WhatarethemainpointsaboutChinatowninthispassage?归纳第一段大意为Whereitis，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为howithasdeveloped。Whereitisandhowithasdeveloped.

ChinatownisthenamegiventoanareainthemiddleofLondon．ItisjustbetweenLeicesterSquareandShaftsburyAvenue．GerrardStreetisatthecenterandisthemostimportantstreetinthearea．ThereisalargeChinesecommunity（社区）withalotofChineserestaurants,Chinesesupermarketsandshopsinthisstreet．

Inthe1950s,itwasapoorareaandeverythingwasverycheap．....Inthe1970sand1980s,British-bornChinesestartedtohaveabettereducationandthisbrought....NoweveryoneknowsaboutLondon’sChinatown．DuringtheChineseNewYear,...2021/5/9302011年海淀一模题

模拟链接69.WhatarethemainpointsabouttheTwinsDayFestivalinthispassage?归纳第一段大意为WhattheTwinsDayFestivalis，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为howithasdeveloped。WhattheTwinsDayFestivalisandhowithasdeveloped.

2021/5/9312009年中考题

真题链接79.WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.

2021/5/9322009年中考题

真题链接OnecoolApril22morning,peoplestartedthedayasusual.Yetitwasnotanormalday.What′ssospecialaboutApril22?Theanswerissimple.ItisEarthDay.Peopleallovertheworldcelebratethisimportantday.TheideaofhavingaspecialdaytocelebrateEarthbeganinthe1960s.Lifewasverydifferentthen.Fewpeopletalkedoreventhoughtabouttheenvironment.Mostpeoplehadnoideahowdirtyourairandwaterwere.OnApril22,1970,twentymillion(百万)AmericansjoinedthefirstEarthDayactivities.Theyshowedthatpeoplereallydidwanttodosomethingabouttheenvironment.Sincethenlawshavebeenpassedtoprotecttheair,water,land,andanimals.Thevehiclessuchascarsandbusesyourideinmustpassteststomakesuretheydon′tcausetoomuchpollution.Thankstothislaw,carstodayrelease(排放)abouthalfasmanybadchemicalsascarsdidbackin1970.Asaresult,theairwebreatheiscleanerthanitoncewas.Riversandlakesarealsocleanertodaythantheywereinthe1970s.It′sagoodthingbecausetheyneededalotofhelp.TheCuyahogaRiverinOhiowassopollutedthatrubbishandoilontheriverevencaughtfire!Today,theriveriscleaner.Itnolongerburns.It′shealthyenoughforbirds,fish,andotheranimals.Nowthecelebrationhasspreadtoothercountries.Morethan175countriestakeparteachyear.2021/5/9332009年中考题

真题链接In2007,peopleinChinapai