2021届枣庄市第八中学南校高三英语期中试题及答案解析

2021届枣庄市第八中学南校高三英语期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANAME:JohnFAVORITESPORT:BasketballFAVORITESNACK:PizzaHOBBY:PhotographyPET:BeaglenamedMaxFUNNIESTMOMENT:“OnMax'sbirthday,wesangthe‘HappyBirthday’songtohimandhegotabigtreat.Amonthlater,myfamilysang‘HappyBirthday’tome.Maxgotsoexcitedbecauseherememberedthesong.Hewhined（嘀咕）whenhedidn'tgetatreat,sowegavehimone.”NAME:SarahFAVORITESPORT:TrackandfieldFAVORITESNACK:GranolaHOBBY:GuitarPET:CatnamedLuluFUNNIESTMOMENT:“Onedayinmykindergarten,Iopenedmysnackbagandfoundatennisballandasock!Mylittlebrotherhadplayedhisfirstpracticaljoke.Thanks,Bryan!”NAME:PaulFAVORITESPORT:BaseballFAVORITESNACK:ApplewithpeanutbutterHOBBY:MakingcomicsPET:TropicalfishFUNIESTMOMENT:“Inaschoolplay,Iwassupposedtosaytheline‘Stoprightthere,cowboy!’Devinwasplayingthecowboy,and1said,‘Stoprightthere,Devin!’Itwassupposedtobeaseriouspartoftheplay,butDevincrackedup.Theneverybodyelselaughed,too,includingme.”NAME:ScottFAVORITESPORT:SoccerFAVORITESNACK:BananasHOBBY:DrawingdinosaursPET:HermitcrabnamedHermieFUNNIESTMOMENT:“Onenight,wewerecampinginastatepark.Iheardaloudthumping（砰砰作响）outsidethetent.Iwassurethatitwasabear!Iusedmyflashlighttolookaroundthecampsite^T营地）andsawalittletoadhoppingaway,goingthump,thump,thump!”.Whomwillyougetintouchwithifyoualsoliketakingphotos?A.Scott. B.Sarah.C.John. D.Paul..WheredidSarahfindthetennisballandthesock?A.Atherfriend'sbirthdayparty. B.Inherkindergarten.C.Inherschool. D.Inastatepark..Outsidethetent,whatthumpedthatnight?A.Abear. B.Acat.C.Afish. D.Atoad.BHaveyoueverdonesomethingforsomeoneelse—knowingthatyouractionswouldsolelybenefitTHEMandnotYOU?Maybeyouopenedadoorordonatedbloodorvolunteeredinahospital’sERduringthepandemic.Thisiscalledaprosocialbehavior.Humansengageinthesetypesofbehaviorsallthetime.Butaquestionremainsinscience:Arewetheonlyspecieswhodothis?Asoneofoutclosests,chimpanzeeshavelongbeenstudiedforsignsofthis.Sofar,researchhasprovidedmixedresultsonthequestion.Somestudiesshowthatchimpscooperativelyhunt,sharefoodandcomforteachother.Butonestudycametoaverydifferentconclusion.Thestudyusedacontrolledlabexperimentwherechimpanzeesinenclosuresweregiventwooptions:pushabuttontogivefoodtothemselvesorpushthebuttontogivefoodtothemselvesANDapartnerchimp.Iftheychosethelatter,itwasseenasaprosocialbehavior.Buttheresultisthatchimpsshowednospecialpreferencesforfeedingthemselvesandafriendoverfeedingjustthemselves.AnotherstudyconductedbyDeTroy,however,discoveredatotallydifferentresult.Comparedtopreviouscontrolledlab-basedexperiments,thesetupforDeTroy’sresearchwasverynaturalistic.“Weinstalledabuttonandafountainintothechimpanzees’outerenclosures.Whenanindividualpushesthebutton,itreleasesjuicefromthefountain.However,sincethebuttonandfountainareapproximatelyfivemetersapart,theindividualpushingcannotdirectlydrinkfromthefountain.Andifanyotherchimpanzeesareatthefountainwhenthebuttonispushed,they,andnotthepusher,willbeabletodrinkthejuice.Inthisexperiment,chimpanzeesshowedawillingnesstoactintheinterestofothers,withindividualchimpanzeespreparedtopushthebuttonwithoutbenefitingthemselves.“Itisreallyfascinatingtoseethatmanyofthechimpanzeeswerewillingtoprosociallyprovidevaluableresourcestothegroupmemberseveniftheycouldn’tbenefitthemselvesfromtheirbehavior.”saidDeTroy.Furtherresearchmayrevealwhatliesbehindtheirprosocialmotivation.Butfornow,it’ssafetoassumethatchimpanzeesarenotsimplyapinghumanbehavior.Whichofthefollowingbelongstoprosocialbehaviors?Jackparticipatedinvoluntaryworkinthelibraryjusttoearncredits.Markturnedtohisclassmateforhelpwhenfeelingstressfulinstudy.Timguidedalostchildbackhomeonhiswaytoanimportantjobinterview.Roseofteninterruptedtheteachertoaskquestionsactivelyinthemath’sclass.Whatisthetaskofthechimpanzeesinthelab-basedstudy?A.Sharingfood. B.Makingachoice.C.Comfortingothers. D.Showingsympathy.HowisDeTroy’sstudydifferentfromthepreviousones?Itwasbasedoncontrolledlabexperiment.Itgavejuicetothechimpanzeesasareward.Itofferedthetestedchimpanzeesanaturalsurrounding.Itprovidedachanceforchimpanzeestohelptheirpartners.WhatcanwelearnfromDeTroy’squotes?Chimpanzeescandevelopabilitiestohelpothers.Chimpanzeeshaveacquiredmanyhumanbehaviors.Chimpanzeesinthewildisclevererthanthoseinthelab.Chimpanzeesdisplayedprosocialbehaviorsforcertainrewards.CJulesVernewasbornon8February1828intheFrenchcityofNantes.Fromanearlyage,hehadafascinationwithexplorationanddiscovery.Whenhewassix,histeacher,MadameSambin,toldhimstoriesaboutherhusband,whodisappearedwhiletravelingtheworldonaship30yearsbefore.ShetoldherclassthathewaslikeRobinsonCrusoe,afictionalcastawaywholivedonadesertisland.Vernewouldlaterwritestoriesaboutsimilarcharacters.In1847,VernewassentbyhisfamilytostudylawatauniversityinParis,buthepreferredtowritenovels,poemsandplays.Aftergraduating,herealizedhewantedtowriteadventurestoriesbasedonscienceandtechnology.Thishadneverbeendonebefore,butVernewassurethatitwouldbeasuccess.Hisfirststory,FiveWeeksinaBalloon,waspublishedinSeptember1862.Hiscareerlastedformorethan40years,duringwhichtimehewrotemorethan60grippingstories.Tobeginwith,Vernewrotepositiveandoptimisticbooks.Manyoftheseweretobehismostpopularcreations.Althoughsomeincludedfantasticalelements,theywereusuallybasedinscientificfact,makingthembelievable.Thesehappystoriesweren’ttolast.Ashegotolder,Vernebecamelessconfidentintheideathatscienceandtechnologywerealwaysgoodfortheplanet.Hisbooksstartedtoincludemorescientistswhousedtechnologyfortheirown-sometimesevil-purposes.Vernediedon24March1905,butnewbookscontinuedtobepublisheduntil1919.ThesestorieswerebasedonideasVernehadwrittenaboutwhilehewasstillalive,butfeaturednewcharactersandplotscreatedbyhisson,Michel.Inthe20thcentury,hisbooksweretranslatedintomorethan140languagesandseveralsuccessfulfilmversionswerereleased.Hiscreationshavebeenrecognizedasaninspirationformanyscientistsandinventors.Manyofthefuturisticideasfromhismostpopularbookshavesincecometrue.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?AToshowVerne’sdiscovery.ToofferthebackgroundinformationofVerne.TotelloftheadventureofSambin’shusband.ToexplainhowVernebeganhiswritingcareer.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”refertoinParagraph2:Writingnovels,poemsandplays.Studyinglaw.Graduatingfromuniversity.Wringadventurestories.WhatcanbelearnedaboutVerne’slateworks?Theycoveredhappyelements.Theywereunbelievablestories.TheyrevealedVerne’sdoubtonscience.TheywerepartlywrittenbyBerne’sson.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesVerne?Talentedandproductive.Popularandcaring.Optimisticandgenerous.Friendlyandhonest.DTheannual3-to-4-millimeterriseinsealevelsisexpectedtoimpactmanycoastalcommunitiesinthecomingdecades.However,fewareasdefencelessastheRepublicoftheMaldives,acollectionofmorethanathousandpicturesqueislandsintheIndianOcean.NASAresearchersbelievethatpartsofwhatis“arguablythelowest-lyingcountryintheworld”willbecomeuninhabitableby2050,duetowave-drivenfloodingandlimitedfreshwater.Tofighttheunavoidable,thegovernmentrecentlyrevealedplansfortheworld'sfirst'true'floatingislandcity.Theaptly-namedMaldivesFloatingCity（MFC）isthebrainchildofDutchDocklands,agloballeaderinfloatinginfrastructure（基建）.AccordingtotheMarch13,2021,announcement,thenewcitywillbeconstructedona200-hectarelagoon（环礁湖）locatedjust10minutesbyboatfromtheMaldiviancapital,Male.Itwillinitiallyconsistofathousandwaterfrontresidences,arrangedinaseriesofhoneycomb-likemazerows.Thedevelopersplantoaddhotels,restaurants,shops,andevenaschoolandahospitalinthenearfuture.Thefloatingstructures.willbeattachedtothesurroundingislands,whichwillformabaseandprovideprotectionfromhightides.MaldiveofficialsaimtomakeMFCasself-sufficientaspossible.Freshwaterstoragewillprovidedrinkingwaterforresidents,whilefloatingsolarblanketsandagriculturefieldswilltakecareoftheirenergyandfoodneeds.“ThisMaldivesFloatingCitydoesnotrequireanylandrehabilitation,thereforehasaminimalimpactonthecoralreefs,”explainsMohamedNasheed,SpeakerofParliament.“What'smore,giant,newreefswillbegrowntoactaswaterbreakers.IntheMaldives,wecannotstopthewaves,butwecanrisewiththem.”Constructionoftherevolutionarycityisexpectedtobeginin2022andbecompletedinphasesoverthenextfiveyears.Ifsuccessful,itwillprovideablueprintforothercountriesfacingasimilarsituation.WhydoesMaldivesdecidetobuildMFC?A.Itisthelowest-lyingcountry. B.Itwillbefloodedsoon.C.Itisrunningoutoffreshwater. D.Itwillbeunsuitableforliving.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?TheprospectofMFC.Thedevelopersoftheplan.Thelocationoftheresidences.Thebarrierstotheconstruction.Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedwords?A.MFCwillkeepwavesaway.MFCwillmakeuseofwaves.MFCwilladjusttothewaves.MFCwillworkaswaterbreakers.What'sthewritingpurposeofthispassage?Tointroduceaconstructionprogram.Toappealtopeopletoprotectnature.ToseekinternationalhelpforMaldives.Toreporttheachievementofacityplan,第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Cuddlingandhuggingaren'tforeveryone.Somepeoplefeeluncomfortablewhenotherstouchthem,butnearly90percentofparticipantsintheTouchTestreportedlikingphysicalaffectionfromtheirpartners.___16___Wearebornascuddlers,andweneverreallyoutgrowit.Peoplewhogotregularcuddleswerelesslikelytogetsickwhenexposedtoacoldvirus.Snuggles（依偎）canevenreducephysicalpain,especiallyifthepersonyouaretouchingissomeoneyoufeelcloseto.___17___Thechemicaltriggeredbytouchhelpsreducethefight-or-flightimpulsesthatstressproduces,helpingyoufallasleepfaster.Italsoaidsdigestion,makingforamorerestfulsleep.___18___Itcanbelyingnexttoeachotherinbed,orothertypesoflovingtouches.Ifonewaydoesn'tfeelright,trysomethingelse.Footrubs,headrubs,hand-holding,layingyourheadorsomeone'schest,sittingsidebysideonthecouchwithlegstouching—allthesethingscountThereareevendifferenttypesofhugs.Forpeoplewhoaren'tfullycomfortablewithphysicaltouch,it'simportanttostartslow,bothinthequantityandqualityofphysicalcontact.Takethetimetofindoutwhatyourhugpartnerlikes,andwhatyourfriendsandlovedonesenjoy.___19___Don'tfocusonlyonsnugglingwithyourpartner.Childrenarenaturalcuddlersinviewoftheirstrongsenseofsecurityandwarmth.Appropriatecuddlingbetweenparentsandkidshelpsformtight,lovingbonds.___20___Petsareawesomesnugglebuddies.There'sareasonwhytherapyanimalsexist—pettingandlovinganimalscanhelpyoufeelbetter.Thiscanbeespeciallyimportantforpeoplewhodon'thaveahumancompaniontocuddlewith.A.BodylanguageisoftenhardertofakeB.CuddlersandsnugglersalsosleepbetterLearntospeaktheirphysicallovelanguage.Whiledoingit,saysomethinglovingtoincreaseyouraffection.YoucanalsolookbeyondhumanstomeetyourcuddlingneedsTheinstincttoseekouthumantouchisstrongerthanmostofusrealize.Notallcuddlingiscreatedequal,andthereismorethanonewaytodoit.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项I’veneverthoughtthatafundraisercouldhavehadsuchahugeinfluenceonmylife.Backin5thgrade,ourschoolannouncedafundraiserandeachclasswouldgetaboxtofillitupwithsmall 21 .Tomakemyclasstocometothefirstplaceinthefundraiser,Itooktwofifty-dollarbills 22 toschoolandtossedthemintothebox.Twoweekslater,myparentsaskedmeaboutthe 23 .Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredthetruthandweren’t 24 ,butImustdosomethingto 25 it.Mydadhadtheperfectideainmind.Theday 26 Christmas,hetookmetoSt.John’sHospiceandsaidweweregoingtobe 27 inthekitchen,makingmealsforthe300—400 28 menthatcameineachday.Asthelunchbegan,IthoughtIcould 29 thisbyplayingwithmynewtoys.But 30 themealtimewenton,Ifoundthesemenwereoverjoyedatthe 31 foodtheywerereceiving,whichIcouldn’t 32 .Iconsidereditafairlycommonwintermeal.Ihadalwaysheardaboutgivingtotheneedy,butIneverfully33ituntilthatday.Itwasenlightening（富有启发性的）toseehowthankfultheywereforsomethingthatIthoughtwas 34 .IlearnedthatIdidn’t 35 needallthematerialisticthingsIinitially（最初）desired.Onthedrivehome,mydad36McDonald'sforlunchandIimmediatelyansweredno.IknewthatIdidn’t 37 it.ThatdayIcametoknowhow 38 thefeelingistohelppeopleinneed.InowreturntoStJohn’sHospiceeveryyear,tryingtomakea 39 .ThisiswhyIambecomingadoctor.Iwillmakeadifferenceinpeople’slivesjustlikemyfather 40 onthatDecember26th.21.A.clothB.cardsC.changeD.books22.A.typicallyB.secretlyC.seriouslyD.carefully23.A.prizeB.boxC.presentD.money24.A.angryB.shyC.wiseD.calm25.A.comeupwithB.lookbackonC.makeupforD.getbackto26.A.afterB.fromC.overD.for27.A.eatingB.workingC.standingD.sleeping28.A.homelessB.friendlessC.disabledD.upset29.A.succeedinB.waitforC.leaveoutD.getover30.A.althoughB.unlessC.asD.since31.A.fastB.simpleC.tastyD.healthy32.A.avoidB.rememberC.possessD.believe33.A.understoodB.accepted C.supported D.imagined34.A.uselessB.funnyC.cheapD.silly35.A.usuallyB.reallyC.merelyD.roughly36.A.admittedB.insistedC.requiredD.suggested37.A.doubtB.noticeC.needD.gather38.A.familiarB.matureC.similarD.good39.A.planB.differenceC.decisionD.record40.A.didB.tookC.enjoyedD.promised第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Ring!Ring!Ring!Myalarmclock___41.___(ring).IopenedmyeyesandsuddenlyremembereditwasthedayoftheclasstriptotheparkwithMissLee,ourscienceteacher.Igotupandbegantobrushmy___42.___(tooth).AfterthatIchangedintomyschooluniformandhad___43.___quickbreakfast.ThenIwalkedtomyschooltomeetmyclassmates.MissLeegaveussomeadvice,___44.___wethoughtwasofgreatimportanceandthendividedusintogroupsofsix.Eachboyandeachgirl___45.___(be)happytosetoff.Anhourlater,wearrivedatthepark.Aswewalkedalong,allofasudden,IsawJanefalling___46.___thelake.Withouthesitation,Ijumpedintothelaketoherrescue.Ipulledhertothebank,___47.___(shout)forMissLeeandMissLeetookhertothehospital___48.___(immediate)withourhelp.AfterexaminingJanecarefully