2023年中考英语二轮复习专项讲义与练习-介词（牛津译林版）

2023年中考英语二轮复习专项讲义——介词一、常用介词的基本用法（——）表示时间的介词：at,in,on,after,before,until,during,by,since,from,for。①at+钟点；atnoon;atnight;②in十年份，季节,月份；世纪；inthemorning/afternoon/evening;in+段时间“在…之后”；③on+日期，星期，带有day的节日前，具体某一天的早中晚onawarmspringafternoon；④before在・・・之前；after在・・・之后；⑤until直至k,为止/not...until直至Ij...才；⑥during+时间段"在...期间”⑦by+时间点“到…以前为止"⑧since指从某事一直延续到现在在，后接时间点，句子用现在完成时；⑨for+时间段；（二）表示地点的介词1、表示方位的in/on/toin包含关系；on接壤但不管辖；to不接壤不管辖；2、over/above/onover指在…正上方，垂直不接触；above”指位置高于…”不垂直不接触；on垂直且接触；3、at/on/in: at+小地点；in+大地点；on表示在一个平面上onthefarm；4、infrontof在…之前（外部）；inthefrontof在…之前（内部）;before表示的位置关系和infrontof相同“在…前面”；5、below/under:below在下方或者位置低于•…不一定有垂直在下之意；Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees,under在・••正下方.Therearemanybikesunderthetrees.二、介词及介词短语辨析（一）in和on表示“在……上”的区别（三）across和through,over和past的区别（五）in/with/by“用"in+语言；with+工具;by用…手段和方法by+doing;（六）but/except/besides:but表示"除…之外”常与表示否定意义的词连用,donothingbutdo...;besides"包含在内”；except“不包含在内”（七）by/in/on表示旅行方式：by+交通工具--byplane/air; inacar/taxi;onthe/mybike/bus;（A）in/after:in+段时间“在…之后”一一般将来时；after+段时间----一般过去时；注意：inthepast意为“在过去”，与过去时连用；inthepast/last+时间段，意为“在过去……”，常与现在完成时连用。（九）with与without的区别with带有，具有:withthehelpofsb=withone'shelp;playwith.../talkwith...;without没有：withoutthehelpofsb=withoutone'shelp;withoutbreakfast;（十）ofsb.与forsb.的区别:it's+adj.for/ofsbtodosth.（adj.形容事物—for；adj.形容人—of）；（十一）注意：1.to既是介词，又是动词不定式符号。是动词不定式符号时，后面跟动词原形；是介词时，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。下列词组中的to都是介词，在使用时应特别注意：payattentionto...注意,makeacontributionto…为作贡献，accordingto…根据，getusedto…习惯于，lookforwardto…盼望;devote…to…将奉献，leadto导致，makeadifferenceto有影响，起作用强化训练：（ ）1.Withaschoolbuiltinthevillage,thechildrenneedn'tclimbthemountainforstudy.A.overB.atC.forD.in（ ）2.Shypeopleusuallyprefertochatthephoneratherthanhaveaface-to-facecommunication.A.byB.inC.beyondD.on( )3.Wsverykindyoutohelpmewithmylessons.Itishardmetolearnthemwell.A.of;forB.of;ofC.for;ofD.for;for( )4.Itisreportedthatthesandstormismovingthesouthyearafteryear.A.throughB.acrossC.towardsD.past( )5.Whenthestarfellthedarknessquicklyatnight,allthepeoplefeltitamazing.A.downB.offC.behindD.through( )6.一I'mthirsty.Fdlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou,Andy?一Ipreferacupofteanothinginit.A.likeB.withC.alongD.without( )7.Astampismadepaper.Doyouknowwhatpaperismade?A.of;ofB.from;fromC.from;ofD.of;from( )8.-WhathappenedtheafternoonofMarch25th?—It9ssaidthatDeckhamarrivedBeijing.A.in;atB.on;toC.in;inD.on;in( )9.-WhenwillJanearriveheretomorrow-Shewillcomehere9:00and9:30tomorrowmorning.A.fromB.atC.aroundD.between( )10.NeilArmstrongwasinterestedinflyingaveryyoungage.Hereceivedhisstudentpilot'slicencewhenhewas16.A.fromB.inC.onD.at( )11.TheplaneleavesShenzhenat10:30.A.toB.inC.forD.at( )12.Weliverighthere.Look!Thehouseontheothersideofthestreetismyuncle's.Hishouseisours.A.infrontofB.nexttoC.behindD.opposite( )13.―WhyarepeoplearoundtheworldlearningEnglish?---Becauseit'susedwidelyfordoingbusinesscountries.A.amongB.betweenC.o( )14.Therobberwalkedthestreet,jumpedatallwallandranaway.A.through;acrossB.across;overC.over;acrossD.across;through( )15.---Thetwinslookalmostthesame.--Theyaresimilarmanywaysthoughtheyarebroughtupdifferentfamilies.A.to;inB.in;inC.in;fromD.from;with( )16.---WhichteamwilltheNewYorkKnicksBasketballTeamplaytomorrowmorning?--TheMilwaukeeBucksTeam.It'shardtosaywhowillwin.A.withB.onC.forD.against( )17.Manyofusareinterestedmusic.Weoftenlistentoitwhilewalkingthewayhome.A.in;byB.at;inC.in;onD.at;to( )18.—Ifsomeoneistheirway,whatwillBritishpeopledo?——Theywillbepatientenoughtowaituntilheorshemovesinsteadofpushingpast.A.byB.inC.onD.besideB.根据句子意思，选择适当的介词填空。Anewrailwaywillbebuilt(between;among)thetwocities.Englishisusedthesecondlanguagemanypeopleinmanycountries,(as;for;by)It'sratheratoughhiketowalk(across;through;past)thedesertwithinthreedays.likethewhiteonebest(in;of)alltheT-shirtsonsale..TomcomesfromEngland,buthecanspeakFren